Western Mindanao State

University College of Teacher

Education Zamboanga City

Learning Area SCIENCE

Learning Delivery Modality Limited Face-to-Face

School WMSU - ILS Grade Level Grade 10

Student Teacher John Carlo P. Magnun SLM Code None

Teaching Date November 18, 2022 Quarter Second

7:30AM - 8:30AM

I. OBJECTIVES
A. CONTENT STANDARD: B. PERFORMNANCE STANDARD:

The learners demonstrate an None

understanding of…

the images formed by the different

types of mirrors and lenses

C. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING D. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

COMPETENCY:
At the end of the lesson, the students
The learners should be able to… should be able to…

predict the qualitative characteristics 1. determine the quantitative characteristics

(orientation, type, and magnification) of (location, orientation, type, and
images formed by plane and curved magnification) of images formed by
mirrors and lenses lenses;
2. differentiate a converging lens from a
diverging lens; and
3. solve problems on lenses.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

a. Topic Light
b. References Quarter 2 Science 10 Physics Module
c. Other
Science Grade 10 Quarter 2 Module 6 Light: Concave and Convex Lens
References
d. Learning
Laptop, PowerPoint presentation, Projector, Whiteboard
Resources
III. TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCEDURES
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

I. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
A. PREPARATION

Good morning class! Good morning, sir!

How are you class? Has everyone had breakfast We’re doing fine po sir and we
yet? have already taken our breakfast.

Okay! That’s good!

May I first request everyone to please turn on your (The students will turn on their
camera for our screenshot for today? cameras for the meeting
screenshot.)

Thank you, class.

Before we start our session for today, let’s always Yes po, sir.
put in mind the following online class rules.

B. MOTIVATION

To exercise our minds and the quickness of our

observation, let us play this game called:

“FIND ME!”

From the picture presented, find the following

objects:
 Camera - The camera is found on the left
 Telescope side of the picture specifically
 Binoculars over the boxes or luggage.
 Eyeglasses - The telescope is found near the
stair or entrance of the plane
and is placed over the PWD
sign.
- The binoculars are found on the
staircase or on the entrance or
doorway of the plane.
- The eyeglasses are found on
the wing of the plane, just near
 the abacus and the ladder.

Very good observation! Now that you have found The similarity of camera,
all the four objects, what part or material do you telescope, binoculars, and
think all these objects have in common? eyeglasses is that they have
lenses.

Linking Statement:

That’s right! Camera, telescope, binoculars, and

eyeglasses have lenses which help us to see
objects that are very distant or objects which are
very small. Today, we will discuss more about
lenses and we will also learn about the two types
of lenses.

C. RECALL

Last meeting, we discussed about the refraction of
light. Can anyone give a short recap about our
topic last meeting?
Refraction of light refers to the
change in the direction of light
when it passes from one medium
to another of different optical
density. It occurs at the boundary
between the two media as a result
of the change in the speed of light
upon crossing the boundary.

That’s right! Your learning from the previous

discussion will help you today for our next topic as
we will discuss about light passing through lenses.
Now as we proceed to our lesson proper, let’s
have first another quick activity!

\
II. LESSON PROPER
A. ACTIVITY

“CONVEX VS CONCAVE”

Now, I will present to you a short video about what

is a convex and a concave lens. As you watch the
video, I want you to take note of the characteristics
and other important points of these two types of
lenses. You can use the table presented as a
guide for taking your notes.

CONVEX CONCAVE
DIFFERENCE
LENS LENS
Structure

Other terms

Medical use

Instruments

Video link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBLJ62uXRSc

Is the instruction clear? Give me thumbs up emoji

if you don’t have any questions about the activity. (The students will send thumbs
up emoji.)
Okay, if there is no question, let’s start watching
the video.
 B. ANALYSIS
“NOTE SHARING”
From the video you just watched, I will throw some
questions and I want some of you to just share
your notes to the class. Is that clear?
What does a convex lens looks like? How about a
concave lens?
As shown from the video, why does convex lens
also called a converging lens and concave lens a
diverging lens?
In what medical treatment can a convex lens and
concave lens be used?
What instruments use convex lens? How about for
concave lens?
Very good! You were able to take down notes
about the video. Keep your notes from the video
because that will help you as we go on in our
discussion. Also, please continue to take down
notes or you may take screenshot as we go
deeper in our lesson about lenses.
C. ABSTRACTION
Now that we are in our discussion proper, let’s
understand better about lenses and the key
terminologies that we will be encountering later in
our discussion.
LENSES
Spherical Lens
 A piece of glass or transparent material having at
least one spherical surface. A spherical lens can be
Yes po, sir.
A convex lens has a lens that is
thicker at the center compared to
its edges. On the other hand,
concave lens is a lens that is
thicker on the edges than on its
center, somehow looks like a cave.
Convex lens is also called
converging lens because as the
light passes through the lens, light
rays come together at a focal point
and it bends towards the center.
On the other hand, concave lens
are also called diverging lens
because as the light passes
through the lens, the light rays
separate or ben away from one
another.
Convex lens can be used to treat
or correct farsightedness
(hyperopia) while concave lens can
be used to treat or correct
shortsightedness (myopia).
Examples of instruments that use
convex lens include a microscope
and a telescope. Similarly,
telescopes and binoculars also
have concave lenses to focus and
see distant image more clearly.
Other examples of instruments that
use concave lenses include
flashlights and door holes.
 convex or concave.

Convex lens

 It is thicker at the center than edges.

 It forms real images and virtual images depending on
the position of the object.
 It is also called converging lens because the light that
passes through tends to converge at a particular
point called the focal point.
 Types of convex lenses include double convex,
plano-convex, and converging meniscus (convex
meniscus).

Concave lens

 It is thicker at the edges and thinner in the center.

 It forms upright and reduced images.
 It is also called diverging lens because the light that
passes through tends to diverge at a particular point
called focal point.
 Types of concave lenses include double concave,
plano-concave, and diverging meniscus.

LEARNING CHECKPOINT!

What is the difference between convex lens and
concave lens?
Convex lens are is a lens that is
thicker in the middle but thinner on
its edges. It is also called
converging lens because the light
that passes through it tends to
intersects at its focal point. On the
other hand, concave lens is a lens
that has a thinker edges but
thinner center. It is also called
diverging lens because the light
that passes through it tends to
scatter or diverges.

Very good! That’s right!

Lens Terminology

Optical center (O or V)

 The optical center of the lens is the point

through which all light rays pass without being
bent. For double concave or double convex
lenses, the optical center is the geometric
center.

Principal focus (F)

 The point where parallel rays of light converge

or from which they appear to diverge after
refraction or reflection.

 When a beam of parallel rays falls on a

convex lens, the rays are refracted and
converge to a point called the principal focus
(F).
 Parallel rays falling upon a concave lens
spread out. When extended, the refracted rays
will appear to come from a point in front of the
lens. This point is considered the principal
focus for the concave lens.

Principal axis or Optical axis

 A line that joins the optical center and the

principal focus.
 Focal length (f)

 The distance from the optical center of the

lens to the principal focus.

LEARNING CHECKPOINT!
What are the terminologies about lenses we just
discussed? Give short description each.
Optical Center - the optical
center of the lens is the point
through which all light rays pass
without being bent.

Principal focus (F) - the point

where parallel rays of light
converge or from which they
appear to diverge after refraction
or reflection.

Principal axis or Optical axis -

a line that joins the optical center
and the principal focus.

Focal length (f) - the distance

from the optical center of the
lens to the principal focus.

Very good! I hope you were able to take note or

screenshot those important terms.
Okay! Let’s continue!

We already know that lens has two surfaces based

from the illustrations of double convex and double
concave that we are using. With this, it has two focal
points — one in front and the other at the back of the
lens. For thin lenses, these focal points are
equidistant from the center of the lens even though
the curvature on each side is different.

To better visualize, let me present you this virtual

simulator for convex and concave lenses.

For converging lenses, the principal focus (F) is the

focal point behind the lens. The other focal point,
which is in front of it, is considered the secondary
focus (F’).
 F’ F

For diverging lenses, the principal focus and the

secondary focus are the focal points in front of and
behind the lens, respectively. The letters F and F’ are
used to denote the principal focus and secondary
focus, respectively.

F F’

IMAGE FORMATION BY SPHERICAL LENSES

The ability of spherical lenses to refract light varies.

As a result, the type of image they form differs.
Diverging lenses can only produce virtual images,
whereas convergent lenses can produce both real
and virtual images.

GRAPHICAL METHOD

RAY DIAGRAMS/RAY TRACING

In order to determine the position and kind of

image formed by light passing through convex or
concave lenses, graphical method or a ray
diagram can be used. Consider the following steps
of drawing the three basic rays of light passing
through lenses.

INCIDENT RAY 1. A ray parallel to the principal

axis passes through or when extended appears to
pass through, the principal focus.
 INCIDENT RAY 2. A ray passing through the
secondary focus of a converging lens, or which
when extended appears to pass through the
secondary focus of a diverging lens, is refracted
parallel to the principal axis.

INCIDENT RAY 3. A ray passing through the

optical center of the lens is not deviated.

NOTE: Always start by drawing the lens and its

principal axis and then identify the F and 2F on the
principal axis. Next is to draw the object, then
diagram the rays from the object.

To better visualize the three rules of rays passing

through lenses, let’s use the virtual lens simulator.

CONVEX LENS VIRTUAL SIMULATION

I1
I3
F’ F
I2

CONCAVE LENS VIRTUAL SIMULATION

I1
I2
I3
F F’
CONVEX LENS IMAGES

The type of image formed by a convex lens depends

on the distance of the object from the lens. Presented
is the table of summarization of the images formed
by convex lens in different location on the principal
axis.

CONCAVE LENS IMAGES

For any object distance from the lens, the image

formed by a concave lens is virtual, upright,
smaller than the object, and located on the same
side of the lens as the object.

LEARNING CHECKPOINT!

Identify the properties of the image formed given the

location of the object on the principal axis.
CONVEX LENS
Location: At 2F’
CONVEX LENS O: inverted
Location: At 2F’ S: same size
T: real
Orientation (upright/inverted):
Size (same, reduced/smaller, enlarged):
Type (real/virtual):
Location: At infinity
O: inverted
Location: At infinity S: very small
 Orientation (upright/inverted): T: real
Size (same, reduced/smaller, enlarged):
Location: At secondary focus
Type (real/virtual): No image, rays are parallel

Location: At secondary focus

Orientation (upright/inverted):
Size (same, reduced/smaller, enlarged):
Type (real/virtual): CONCAVE LENS
Location: At 2F
CONCAVE LENS O: upright
S: smaller than the object
Location: At 2F T: virtual
Orientation (upright/inverted):
Size (same, reduced/smaller, enlarged):
Type (real/virtual):

ANALYTICAL METHOD

LENS EQUATION AND MAGNIFICATION

Another way of determining the image formed by

lenses is through analytical method using the thin
lens equation and formula of magnification.

Thin lens equation

1 1 1
= +
f do di

The thin lens equation relates object distance (do)

and image distance (di) from the lens to the focal
length (f) of the lens.

It is also important to note that:

 The focal length is positive for a converging

lens and negative for a diverging lens.

 Real-image distance is positive; virtual-image

distance is negative.

Formula of Magnification (M)

di
M =│− │
do

LEARNING CHECKPOINT!

SAMPLE PROBLEM

An object is placed 6.0cm from a concave lens

whose focal length is -8.0cm. (a) What is its image
distance from the lens? (b) How many times is the
image magnified?
To answer this problem, basically, we must first
Sir, the given values from the
problem is the distance of the
object from the concave lens which
identify what is given. So what values are given from is 6.0cm and the focal length which
the problem? is -8.0cm.

We are going to use the thin lens

1 1 1
equation which is = + and the
f do di
That’s correct! Using these known values we are formula of magnification which is
going to find or calculate for the value of image d
distance and magnification. So again, what equation M =│− i │ .
do
and formula are we going to use?

Very good! Let’s first calculate for di using the thin

lens equation. By deriving the formula and
substituting the values, we get:

The distance of image from the lens is negative,

thus, the image must be virtual and upright.

Then, we also calculate for the value of magnification

using the given formula. By substituting values, we
get:

The image is smaller than the object.

None so far, Sir.
Any question or clarification class?

D. APPLICATION
Okay! Now that we have already discussed lenses
thoroughly, let’s extend our learning by doing
some practice exercises about determining the
image formed by convex and concave lenses
through analytical method.

“How do I look?”

Instruction: Determine the properties of the

image formed by the lens through analytical
method. You are given 5 minutes to answer the
short exercise. After answering, send a photo of
your answer here in our meeting platform.

Is the instruction clear? Please give me thumbs up (The students will send thumbs up
if you are ready. emoji.)

Okay! Thank you for your response. I will now

present the problem.

An object is placed 40 cm from a 30-cm focal (a) Calculate di

length converging lens. Determine the image
distance and the magnification of the image. 1 1 1
= +
f do di

1 1 1
= −
di f do

1 1 1
= −
d i 30 cm 40 cm

1 1 1
120( d = 30 cm − 40 cm )
i

120

120
=40 cm−30 cm
di

120
=10 cm
di

10 cmd i 120
=
10 cm 10 cm

di = 12cm
The distance of image
from the lens is positive,
thus, the image must be
real and inverted.

di
(b) M =│− │
do

12 cm
M =│− │
40 cm

M = 0.3

The image is smaller than

 the object.
Very good! Your answers are correct. I am happy
that you learned new topic for our today’s session.
Before we conclude our class today, please be
reminded to answer your weekly task about our
current topic. Please work on it and turn it in on
time. Yes, sir!
So, that concludes our class for today. Thank you
for listening and participating and have a good
day! Stay safe everyone. Thank you, sir.

III. ASSESSMENT

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Instruction: Read the questions carefully and write the letter of your answer on the space
provided before each number.

1. What type of lens produces smaller and upright images?

a. Concave lens
b. Convex lens
c. Converging lens
d. Can’t be determined

2. It is a point through which all light rays pass without being bent.
a. Optical center
b. Focal point
c. Principal axis
d. Principal focus

3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens that the image will be reduced?
a. Beyond 2F
b. Between F and 2F
c. At the F
d. Beyond 2F’

4. Where is the location of an object to produce an image that has the same size with the object in
convex lens?
a. At F’
b. Between 2F’ and F’
c. At 2F’
d. Between F’ and V

5. Where is the location of an object to produce no image in a convex lens?

a. At F’
b. Between 2F’ and F’
c. At 2F’
d. Between F’ and V

6. It is describe as the bending of the light as it travels from one medium to another.
a. reflection b. refraction c. total internal reflection d. index of refraction

7. Refraction occurs when two medium has different __________.

 a. reflection b. refraction c. total internal reflection d. index of refraction

8. When the light travels from a more dense to less dense medium the bending of light is _______
the normal line.
a. towards b. away from c. perpendicular d. none of the choices

9. When the light travels from less dense to a denser medium, the bending of light is __________
the normal line.
a. towards b. away from c. perpendicular d. none of the choices

10. It is directly related to the transparency of the medium.

a. reflection b. refraction c. total internal reflection d. optical density

II. COMPUTATION
Instruction: Solve the following problem. Write your complete solution.
1. A ray of light travels from air to a liquid at an angle of 40 degree. If the angle of
refraction is 15 degree, what is the speed of light?

Solution:
Given:
n of air = 1.003
Θ1 = 40 degree
Θ2 = 15 degree
Using Snell’s law formula:
n1sinΘ1=n2 sinΘ2
(1.003) (sin40°) = n2 (sin20°)
n2 = (1.003) (sin40°)/(sin15°)
n2 = 2.488

Solve for the speed of light in the liquid;

c
v=
n
m 8
3 x 10
s
v=
2.488
8
v=1.2 x 10 m/sis the speed of light in the liquid.

2. An object is placed 3.0cm from a concave lens whose focal length is 6.0cm. (a) What is its
image distance from the lens? (3pts) (b) How many times is the image magnified?
Given:
do = 3.0cm
f = - 6.0cm
Required:
Image distance (di)
Magnification (M)
Formula:
1 1 1
= +
f do di
di
M =│− │
do
Solution:
(a) Calculate di
 1 1 1
= +
f do di
1 1 1
= −
di f do
1 1 1
= −
d i −6.0 cm 3.0 cm
1 1 1
6( d =−6.0 cm − 3.0 cm ) 6
i
6
=−1.0 cm−2.0 cm
di
6
=−3.0 cm
di
−3.0 cmd i 6
=
−3.0 cm −3.0 cm

di = -2.0cm The distance of image from the lens is negative, thus, the image must be
virtual and upright.

(b) Calculate M
d
M =│− i │
do
(−2.0 cm)
M =│− │
3.0 cm
M = │-0.67│

M = 0.67 The image is smaller than the object.