SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL PACKETS

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY GRADE 11

WEEK 3-4

I. OBJECTIVES

A. Content Standards
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of normal probability
distribution.

B. Performance Standards
The learner is able to accurately formulate and solve real-life problems in different
disciplines involving normal distribution.

C. Learning Competencies
The learner
1. illustrates a normal random variable and its characteristics; (M11/12SP-IIIc-1)
2. identifies regions under the normal curve corresponding to different standard
normal values; (M11/12SP-IIIc-3)
3. converts a normal random variable to a standard normal variable and vice
versa; (M11/12SP-IIIc-4) and
4. computes probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal table.
(M11/12SP-IIIc-d-1)

D. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. illustrates a normal random variable and its characteristics;
2. identifies regions under the normal curve corresponding to different standard
normal values;
3. converts a normal random variable to a standard normal variable and vice versa;
4. show appreciation by computing probabilities and percentiles using the standard
normal table.

II. CONTENT
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Learning Resources

A. Reference
Statistics and Probability for Senior High School by Roland S. Zorilla, Fe G. Partible
and Dominic C. Bagano, pp. 27-37

B. Other Learning Resources

Our Lady of Fatima University, Statistics and Probability Online Book, pp. 30-47

III. PROCEDURES

A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson

Hello everyone! Have you been in a jungle adventure? What can you observe regarding
the height of the trees?

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 Most of the trees in a specific forest are of average height. The number of trees in a
rainforest which are extremely tall and extremely short are very few. However, height is not a single
characteristic, several environmental factors influence the height of the trees. Therefore, it follows
the normal distribution.

In this lesson, you will learn more applications of normal distribution in real-life situations one
of them is the height of the given population see the above example. Now, are you ready?

Let us understand the daily life examples of Normal Distribution before we begin to its different
characteristics.

A Rolling Dice Technical Stock Shoe Size Birth Weight

Market

Based on the given examples above shows some obvious characteristics of a normal
distribution. What does the Normal Distribution tell us about?

The normal distribution is a beautiful bell-shaped curve

shown in Figure 1. It is a very useful curve in statistics because
many attributes, when many measurements are taken, are
approximately distributed in this pattern. For example, the
distribution of the wingspans of a large colony of butterflies, of the
errors made in repeatedly measuring a 1-kilogram weight and of
the amount of sleep you get per night are approximately normal.
Many human characteristics, such as height, IQ.

Fun Fact 1!
The normal distribution is a theoretical distribution because in reality there is no continuous
random variable that fits a normal distribution perfectly. However, many variables can be described
as normal distribution are extremely small or insignificant.

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 DIRECTIONS: Write the correct answer on the blank provided before each number. Look
at the given graph below to answer the given questions.

_______ 1. What is the average female shoe size based on total female shoe sales?
_______ 2. What is the mode for the female shoe size based on total female shoe sales?
_______ 3. What is the median for the female shoe size based on total female shoe sales?
_______ 4. What is the standard deviation for the female shoe size based on total female
shoe sales?
Score Description
Now, check your work by turning to the key to correction. How 8 Excellent
many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the 5-7 Very good
table above. If your score is at least 4 out of 8, you may now
3-4 Good
proceed to next part of the discussion. Let’s get ready!
0-2 Practice on part J

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

Did you know that…

Carl Friedrich Gauss
(1777-1855)
The bell-shaped curve was discovered by Carl Friedrich Gauss,
whom many mathematical historians consider having been the greatest
mathematician of all time. Gauss was working as the royal surveyor for
the king of Prussia where he was able to discover the normal distribution.

C. Presenting examples/instances of the new lesson

Are you now ready to meet “normal distribution” in the real world? Despite the COVID-19
pandemic and this “new normal” we need to learn new things as well.
Lesson 1: Properties of a Normal Distribution

Definition
A normal distribution is a distribution of a continuous random variable whose graph is a
bell-shaped curve called normal curve.

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The figure above shows some examples of normal curve with different means and standard
deviations. Though they seem to be very different, they share common properties.

Properties

A normal distribution has then following properties:

• The distribution curve is bell-shaped.
• The curve is symmetrical about its mean.
• The mean, median, and mode coincide at the center.
• The curve is asymptotic to the base line.
• Classified by 2 parameters: Mean (µ) represent location and standard deviation (σ)
represent spread.
• The area under the curve is 1. Thus, it represents the probability or proportion or the
percentage associated with specific sets of measurement values.
• The width of the curve is determined by the standard deviation of the distribution.
• Along the horizontal line, the distance from one integral standard score to the next integral
standard score is measured by the Total Area: 0.1 = 100%
standard deviation.

0.5 = 50%
0.5 = 50%
A sample of the graph of a normal
distribution curve that shows the
values of the areas and the location of
the mean and the standard deviation, Negative Standard Deviation (-σ) Positive Standard Deviation (+σ)
is shown on the right:
Mean

DIRECTIONS: Write the correct answer on the blank provided before each number. Identify
the word(s) that are described by the following statements.

____ 1. It represents a hypothetical frequency distribution in which the frequency of scores

is greatest near the mean and progressively decreases toward the extremes.
____ 2. These are classified by two parameters. These represent location and spread.
____ 3. Normal curves are not all ________ but they are all symmetrical.
____ 4. The width of the curve is determined by the ________ of the distribution.
____ 5. The curve is __________ about its mean.
____ 6. The curve is ________ to the base line.

page 30
 Now, check your work by turning to the key to correction. How Score Description
many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the 6 Excellent
table above. If your score is at least 3 out of 6, you may now 4-5 Very good
proceed to next part of the discussion. 2-3 Good
0-1 Practice on part J
D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1

Many types of data can be used as variables to represent areas under the normal curve. Such
types of data may be grades, IQ’s, weight, height, events, games, scores, reactions, and opinions
on issues, surveys, results, etc.
Lesson 2: Areas under the Normal Curve

Since the appearance of the normal curve depends on the distribution’s mean and
standard deviation, there must be infinitely many different normal curves. In order to make use
of its properties, statisticians came up with a way of transforming every normal curve to what
we call a standard normal distribution/curve.

Definition

A standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with mean of (0) and standard
deviation of (1). Basically, any normal distribution could be transformed into this type.

z-scores
µ

The figure above illustrates a standard normal distribution. The values of the horizontal
axis are the values of the random variable Z, the transformed values of the random variable X.
The values of Z are computed using the formula:

𝑥− µ
𝑧= where in: µ = mean and σ = standard deviation
𝜎

Finding the Areas under the Normal Curve

The Standard Normal Distribution Table (z-Table) provides the area between the mean
and some Z score. The z-table is included in the next page for reference.

Four-Step Process in Finding the Areas Under the Normal Curve Given a z-Value

1. Express the given z-value in a four-digit form.

2. Using the z-Table, find the first two digits on the left column.
3. Match the third digit with the appropriate column on the right.
4. Read the area (or probability) at the intersection of the row and the column. This is the
required area.

page 31
 Table of Areas under the Normal Curve
(Standard Normal Distribution Table or Z-Table)

page 32
Illustrative Example 1: Find the area from the mean (0) to corresponding z score = 2.32.
Check the Z-table:

Answer: area = 0.4898

Illustrative Example 2: Find the area from the mean (0) to corresponding z score = -1.47.
Check the Z-table:

Answer: area = 0.4292

Illustrative Example 3: Find the area from the mean (0) to corresponding z score = 3.05.
Check the Z-table:

Answer: area = 0.4989

DIRECTIONS: Write the correct answer on the blank provided before each number. Find
the area from the mean (0) to the corresponding z-score.
__________ 1-2. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1.00.
__________ 3-4. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1.36.
__________ 5-6. Find the area that corresponds to z = -2.58.
__________ 7-8. Find the area that corresponds to z = -0.15
__________ 9-10. Find the area that corresponds to z = 0.88
_________ 11-12. Find the area that corresponds to z = 0.70.
Score Description
Now, check your work by turning to the key to correction.
How many correct answers did you get? Rate your result 12 Excellent
using the table above. If your score is at least 6 out of 12, you 9-11 Very good
may now proceed to next part of the discussion.
6-8 Good
0-5 Practice on part J

E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills # 2

Lesson 3: Area under the Normal Curve and Probability Notation

In lesson 2, you were able to locate the area from mean (0) to the corresponding z-score.
In this lesson, you are going to locate the area above, below, and between the mean with the
use of probability notation.

• P(a < z < b) denotes the probability that the z-score is between a and b
• P(z > a) denotes the probability that the z-score is greater than a
• P(z < a) denotes the probability that the z-score is less than a where a and b are z-score values

With continuous random variable, the probability of any one exact value is 0, P(z = a) = 0.

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• The probability of getting a score of at most b is equal to the probability of getting a score of
less than b.
• The probability of getting a score of at least a is equal to the probability of getting a score of
greater than b. Remember: Area represented by
Let have this! probability, percentage and
proportion.

The area between z = 0 and z = 1 is 0.3413 or 34.13%.

This means that the probability of a z-score having a value between 0 and 1 is 0.3413 or
34.13%.
In determining the probabilities using standard normal curve, you are also finding the
area of the shaded region using bell curved using z-table.

CASE 1: shaded to the Left
Keywords: less than, at most,
to the left, below, not more
than
Probability Notation: P (z < a)
where a is value of z.
1. Below z = -1
CASE 2: shaded to the Right
Keywords: greater than,
more than, above, at least
Probability Notation: P (z >a)
where a is value of z.
1. Above z =1
CASE 3: shaded between
Keywords: between, middle
Probability Notation: P (a< z <b)
where a and b are value of z.
1.Between z =-1 and z =1

Probability Notation: P (z < -1) Probability Notation: P (z > 1)

Area = 0.5000 – 0.3413
=0.1587 or 15.87%
2.To the left of z =1
Area = 0.5000 – 0.3413
=0.1587 or 15.87%
2. at least z = -1
Probability Notation: P (-1 < z <
1)
Area = 0.3413 + 0.3413
= 0.6826 or 68.26%
2. Between z =-3 and z =-2

Probability Notation: P(-3< z < -

Probability Notation : P(z < 1) Probability Notation : P(z >- 1) 2)
Area = 0.5 + 0.3413 = 0.8413 or Area = 0.5 + 0.3413 = 0.8413 Area = 0.4987 - 0.477 = 0.0215
84.13% or 84.13% or 2.15%

Let’s have another example!

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Illustrative Examples 1-5: Determine the probability.

1. Below z = -1.85 2. To the left of z = 1.55 3. Above z = -0.5

Probability notation: P (z < -0.85) Probability Notation: P(z >-

= 0.5 – 0.4678 = 0.0322 or Probability notation: P (z < 1.55) 0.5) Area
3.22% = 0.5 + 0. 4394 = 0.9394 or = 0.5 + 0.1915 = 0.6915 or
93.94% 69.15%

4. To the right z = 2.5

Probability Notation: P(z > 2.5)

Area
= 0.5 - 0.4938 = 0.0062 or 0.62
%

Do you find this part of the lesson easy? Simply analyze the given normal curve and its
z-table for the reference in computing the area. For sure, it will be easy for you if you will try the
following exercises. Are you ready?

DIRECTIONS: Write the correct answer on the blank provided before each number. Find the
area for each corresponding z-score, write the probability notation and draw the normal curve
to visualize the area.
________ 1-2. Less than z = -1.75
________ 3-4. To the left z = 2.45
________ 5-6. Below z = 2
________ 7-8. Between z = -1.24 and z= 2.36
________ 9-10. More than z = 1.90
________ 11-12. Above z = -1.60

page 35
Now, check your work by turning to the key to correction. How Score Description
many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the 12 Excellent
table above. If your score is at least 4 out of 12, you may now
proceed to next part of the discussion. 9-11 Very good
5-8 Good
Lesson 4: Application of Normal Distribution
0-4 Practice on part J
As stated earlier in this module, any normal distribution
can be transformed to standard normal distribution by the formula:
𝑋−𝜇 𝑋− 𝑋̅
𝑧= (population data) or 𝑧 = (sample data)
𝜎 𝑠
Where: X= given measurement (random variable)
μ =population mean
σ = population standard deviation
𝑋̅= sample mean
s = sample standard deviation
Each of the values obtained using the given formula is called a z-score. Basically, z-
scores are not only applicable for normal distributions, but in essence, for any type of distribution.
This is sometimes called standard score.

Definition

Z-score or Standard Score tells how many

standard deviations a value is, away from the
mean. A negative z-score tells that the value is
below the mean, while a positive z-score tells
that the value is above the mean. A z-score is
unitless, thus, even values of different units could
be compared relative to their groups.

Illustrative Example 1: The scores of students in the midyear examination for

Mathematics has a mean (µ) of 32 and a standard deviation (σ) of 5. Find the z-
score corresponding to each the following:
a. 37
b. 22
c. 33
d. 28
𝑥− µ 37− 32 5
Answers: a.) 𝑧 = = = =1
𝜎 5 5

𝑥− µ 22− 32 −10
b.) 𝑧 = = = = −1
𝜎 5 5

𝑥− µ 33− 32 1
c.) 𝑧 = = = = 0.2
𝜎 5 5

𝑥− µ 28− 32 −4
d.) 𝑧 = = = = −0.8
𝜎 5 5

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 The concepts of normal distribution are usually seen in business, economics, medicine,
engineering, education, psychology, and basically, in all disciplines.

In order to use the concepts of normal distribution, each of the values of a given data are
assumed to be transformed to standard scores. From this, a table (z-table) is used to determine
the fraction of values that lie below or above a given value, or between two values. Also, values
that bound a given fraction of the data can be determined by the same table.

Note: the z-table gives a value of z up to two decimal places, thus, it is preferred to round
z-scores/standard deviation scores to two decimal places .

Illustrative Example 2: The scores of a group of students in a standardized

test are normally distributed with a mean of 60 and standard deviation of 8.
Answer the following:
a.) How many percent of the students got below 72?
b.) What part of the group scored between 58 and 76?
c.) If there were 250 students who took the test, about how many
students scored higher than 64?
Answer:
𝑥− µ 72− 60 12
a.) 𝑧 = = = = 1.5
𝜎 8 8
Probability Notation: P(z < 1.5)
Area = 0.5 + 0.4332 = 0.9332
Referring to the z-table, the area below z = 1.5 is 0.9332. Therefore, about 93.32% of
the group got below 72.
𝑥− µ 58− 60 −2
b.) 𝑧 = = = = −0.25
𝜎 8 8
𝑥− µ 76− 60 16
𝑧= = = =2
𝜎 8 8
Probability Notation: P (-0.25 < z < 2)
Area = 0.0987 + 0.0.4772 = 0.5759
Referring to the z-table, the area between z= -0.25 and z= 2 is 0.5759. Therefore,
about 57.59% of the group got a score between 58 and 76.
𝑥− µ 64− 60 4
c.) 𝑧 = = = = 0.5
𝜎 8 8
Probability Notation: P (z < 0.5)
Area = 0.5 + 0.1915 = 0.6915
Referring to the z-table, the area above z= 0.5 is 0.6915. Therefore, about 69.15% of
the group got a score higher than 64.

Illustrative Example 3: Given the mean (µ) = 50 and standard deviation

(σ) = 4 of a population of scores in Filipino. Find the z-score that
corresponds to a score of x= 58. Determine the probability that a student
gets a score of at least 58.
Answer:
58 − 50
a.) 𝑧 = =2
4
Probability Notation: P(z > 2)
Area = 0.5 – 0.4772 = 0.0228

Referring to the z-table, the area above z= 2 is 0.0228. Therefore, about 2.28% of the
group got a score at least 58.

page 37
 DIRECTIONS: Solve the given problem about the application of normal distribution.
Write your complete solution using the format below:

Formula (1 point); Solution (2 points); and Explanation (2 points)

1.) The average length of adult rabbit is 30cm with standard deviation of 4cm. If their
lengths are normally distributed,
a.) How many percent of adult rabbits are shorter than 26cm?
b.) How many percent of adult rabbits exceed 40cm in length?
c.) If a rabbit is randomly chosen, what is the probability that its length is
between 21 and 35cm?
Score Description
Now, check your work by turning to the key to
correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate 15 Excellent
your result using the table above. If your score is at least 6 10-14 Very good
out of 12, you may now proceed to next part of the
4-9 Good
discussion.
0-3 Practice on part J

Lesson 5: Locating Percentiles Under the Normal Curve

In this lesson, you will learn how to determine percentiles and locate them under the
normal curve.
Which of the following expressions are familiar to you?
First honor Top ten a score of 98%

Recalling basic Statistics, these are expressions of order. They indicate relative standing.
In real life, many people want to belong to a high level in terms of relative standing.

What is a percentile?
In a test in Algebra, you got a score of 82 and you want to know how you fared in
comparison with your classmates. If your teacher tells you that you scored at the 90th percentile,
it means that 90% of the grades were lower than yours and 10% were higher. If the relative
frequency histogram were used to show the scores, the 90th percentile would be located at a
point such that 90% of the total area under the relative frequency histogram lies below the 90 th
percentile and 10% lies above.
In a previous lesson, we learned how to compute the z-score based on means and
standard deviations for both sample and population. The resulting z-scores allowed us to read
the corresponding areas (or probabilities) using the standard normal table.
Suppose that we know the probability this time. What is the corresponding z-score? For
example, where is 95% under the normal curve?

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Illustrative Example 1: Find the 96th percentile of a normal curve.
Analysis: By definition of P96, this means locating an area before (or below) the point. We want to
know what z-value is at this point.
Steps Solution
1. Draw normal Curve
From the left shade the 96%
(Assume the 96%)
2. Express the percentage as decimal. 96% to 0.9600
3. Split 0.9600 into 0.5000 and 0.4600 0.9600 - 0.5000 = 0.4600
4. Find the z-score that corresponds to Area = 0.4600
0.4600 on the leftmost column. If the exact area is not available, we take the
nearest area given
Nearest Area = 0.4599
Z = 1.75
5. Locate z = 1.75, draw vertical line and The 96th percentile is z = 1.75.
shade the left of 1.75.

Illustrative Example 2: Find the 85th percentile of a normal curve.

Analysis: By definition of P85, this means locating an area before (or below) the point. We want to
know what z-value is at this point.
Steps Solution
1. Draw normal Curve
From the left shade the 85%
(Assume the 85%)
2. Express the percentage as decimal. 85% to 0.8500
3. Split 0.8500 into 0.5000 and 0.3500 0.8500 - 0.5000 = 0.3500
4. Find the z-score that corresponds to Area = 0.3500
0.3500 on the leftmost column. If the exact area is not available, we take the
nearest area given
Nearest Area = 0.3508
Z = 1.04
5. Locate z = 1.04, draw vertical line and The 85th percentile is z = 1.04.
shade the left of 1.04.

Illustrative Example 3: Find the 43th percentile of a normal curve.

Analysis: By definition of P43, this means locating an area before (or below) the point. We want to
know what z-value is at this point.
Steps Solution
1. Draw normal Curve
From the left shade the 43%
(Assume the 43%)
2. Express the percentage as decimal. 43% to 0.4300
3. Subtract 0.4300 from 0.5000 since 0.5000 - 0.4300 = 0.0700
43% is below the mean.
4. Find the z-score that corresponds to Area = 0.0700
0.0700 on the leftmost column. If the exact area is not available, we take the
nearest area given
Nearest Area = 0.0714
Z = -0.18

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 5. Locate z = -0.18, draw vertical line and The 43th percentile is z = - 0.18.
shade the left of -0.18.

Illustrative Example 4: Find the 38th percentile of a normal curve.

Analysis: By definition of P38, this means locating an area before (or below) the point. We want to
know what z-value is at this point.
Steps Solution
1. Draw normal Curve
From the left shade the 38%
(Assume the 38%)
2. Express the percentage as decimal. 38% to 0.3800
3. Subtract 0.3800 from 0.5000 since 0.5000 - 0.3800 = 0.1200
38% is below the mean.
4. Find the z-score that corresponds to Area = 0.1200
0.1200 on the leftmost column. If the exact area is not available, we take the
nearest area given
Nearest Area = 0.1217
Z = -0.31
5. Locate z = -0.31, draw vertical line and The 38th percentile is z = - 0.31.
shade the left of -0.31.

Now, are you ready for the next step? Try the next activity for more exercises! Let’s go!

DIRECTIONS: Solve the missing table and find the z-score. Write your complete solution using
the format below:
Given Area Nearest Area z-score
1. Find the 75th 0.7500-0.5000
percentile of a =______ A= __________ Z= ______
normal curve (P75)
2. Find the 68th 0.6800-0.5000
percentile of a =______ A= __________ Z= ______
normal curve (P68)
3. Find the 32th
0.5000- 0.3200=
percentile of a A= _________ Z= ______
______
normal curve (P32)
4. Find the 40th
0.5000- 0.4000=
percentile of a A= _________ Z= ______
______
normal curve (P40)
5. Find the 17th
0.5000- 0.1700=
percentile of a A= _________ Z= ______
______
normal curve (P17)

page 40
 Score Description
Now, check your work by turning to the key to
correction. How many correct answers did you get? 15 Excellent
Rate your result using the table above. If your score is 10-14 Very good
at least 8 out of 15, you may now proceed to next part
of the discussion 4-9 Good
0-3 Practice on part J
F. Developing Mastery

DIRECTIONS: Given a normal distribution with a mean of 24 and standard deviation of 4, find
the area BETWEEN the following:
Formula (1 point); and Solution (2 points)
1-3) 28 and 30 4-6) 12 and 38
7-9) 16 and 22 10-12) 19 and 31
13-15) 17 and 24
Score Description
Now, check your work by turning to the key to 15 Excellent
correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate 10-14 Very good
your result using the table above. If your score is at least 4-9 Good
6 out of 12, you may now proceed to next part of the 0-3 Practice on part J
discussion.

G. Finding practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living

The normal distribution is the most important probability distribution in

Below are some examples and applications of normal distribution in our
daily living. For example, heights, blood pressure, measurement error, and
IQ scores follow the normal distribution. It is also known as the Gaussian
distribution and the bell curve.

H. Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson

The normal distribution is the most important probability

distribution in statistics because it fits many natural phenomena. For
example, heights, blood pressure, measurement error, and IQ scores
follow the normal distribution. It is also known as the Gaussian
distribution and the bell curve.

The normal distribution is a probability function that describes

how the values of a variable are distributed. It is a symmetric distribution where most of the
observations cluster around the central peak and the probabilities for values further away from
the mean taper off equally in both directions. Extreme values in both tails of the distribution are
similarly unlikely.

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 I. Evaluating learning
This part is recorded and graded. COPY ALL the given using this format on a yellow
paper. Your output will be submitted on the day of the scheduled retrieval.

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11

WEEK 3 – ASSESSMENT

Name: ____________________________ Date: ____________

Grade and Section: _________________ Parent’s Signature: ____________

WRITTEN WORK (20 points)

A. Find the area from the mean (0) to the corresponding z-score using the z-table. (5 pts)
1. z = 0.96 _______
2. z = - 1.74 _______
3. z = 2.18 _______
4. z = - 2.69 _______
5. z = 3.00 _______

B. Find the probability/area of each corresponding z-score. Draw the normal curve and
shade the required area. Write the probability notation that corresponds to the area and
solve for the area. (15 pts)
Probability / Area
Given Normal Curve Probability Notation

Above z = 1.46 P(z______)

Below z = -0.58 P(z______)

Between z = 0.76 and

P(_____z _____)
z = 2.88

To the right of
P(z_____)
z = 1.32

At least z = 1 P(z_____)

page 42
 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11
WEEK 4 – ASSESSMENT

Name: ____________________________ Date: ____________

Grade and Section: _________________ Parent’s Signature: ____________

PERFORMANCE TASK (25 points)

A. Find the value of the given percentiles. Write your complete solution using the format below.
z-score (1pt)
Given Area (2pts) Nearest Area (2pts)
1-5. Find the 23rd
percentile of a 0.5000 – 0.2300 = A = _________ z = __________
normal curve _____________
(P23)
6-10. Find the 99th
percentile of a 0.9900 – 0.5000 = A = _________ z = __________
normal curve _____________
(P99)

B. Solve the problems about normal distribution. Show your complete solution.
(2 points = z score 2 points = probability of z 1 point = final answer)

SITUATION: Five hundred children participated in a field demonstration. Their heights

averaged 110 cm with a standard deviation of 6 cm.

11-15. What is the probability that a child, picked at random, has a height greater than 116
cm?

16-20. What is the probability that the height of a child, picked at random, is less than 104
cm?

21-25. How many children belong to the upper 15% of the group?

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J. Additional activities for application and remediation

REMEDIAL ACTIVITY A: A B
Match the column A to _____1. z= 2.65 I. 0.4960
column B. Column A
_____2. z= 1.88 L. 0. 4982
consist of z-score and
column B is the area from _____3. z= -1.34 O. 0.4948
the mean. _____4. z= -0.51 V. 0.1915
_____5. z= 1.75 E. 0.4599
_____6. z= 2.37 M. 0.4699
_____7. z= 0.31 A. 0.4099
_____8. z= 2.56 T.0.4911
_____9. z= 2.57 H. 0.4949
_____10. z= 2.91 S. 0.1217
REMEDIAL ACTIVITY B:
A. FIND THE AREA ABOVE THE Z-SCORE. SHOW YOUR SOLUTION AND DRAWING.
1. z = 0.56
2. z = 1.32
3. z = 2.10
4. z = -1.18
5. z = -2
B. FIND THE AREA BELOW THE Z-SCORE. SHOW YOUR SOLUTION AND DRAWING.
1. z = 0.56
2. z = 1.32
3. z = 2.10
4. z = -1.18
5. z = -2
REMEDIAL ACTIVITY C: Show your complete solution. Convert the raw score (x) to z-score
within a sample or within a population.
1. 11 and 32 ANSWER: ____________________________
2. 25 and 35 ANSWER: ____________________________
3. 20 and 33 ANSWER: ____________________________
4. 23 and 29 ANSWER: ____________________________
5. 18 and 26 ANSWER: ____________________________

REMEDIAL ACTIVITY D: Show your complete solution.

POINTS: 2 point = z score 2 points = probability of z 1 point = final answer
1.) A coffee vendo machine is designed to discharge an average of 8 ounces with standard
deviation of 0.2 ounces. If the amounts of coffee the machine discharges follow a normal
distribution,
a.) What percent of the discharges exceeds 8.5 ounces?
b.) What percent of the discharges are between 7.8 ounces and 8.1 ounces?
c.) If a customer buys a cup of coffee, what is the probability that it is less than 7.7 ounces?
2.) The pulse rate of adult men approaches a normal distribution with a mean of 80 bpm (beats
per minute) with standard deviation of 7 bpm.
a.) What percent of the adults have pulse rate of less than 70 bpm?
b.) What percent of adults have pulse rate of more than 102 bpm?
c.) If 60 bpm to 100 bpm is known to be normal, how many percent of the adults above
or below normal pulse rates?

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 APPENDIX A
KEY TO CORRECTION
SECTION A.
ACTIVITY A
1. 8
2. 8
3. 8
4. 1
ACTIVITY B

1. NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
2. STANDARD DEVIATION & MEAN
3. IDENTICAL
4. STANDARD DEVIATION
5.SYMMETRICAL
6. ASYMPTOTIC

ACTIVITY C
1-2. Area = 0.3413
3-4. Area = 0.4131
5-6. Area = 0.4951
7-8. Area = 0.0596
9-10. Area = 0.3106
11-12. Area = 0.2580

ACTIVITY D

1-2. Less than z = -1.75 5-6. Below z = 2

P (z <-1.75) = 0.5000-0.4555 P (z <2) = 0.5000+0.4772
= 0.0401 or 4.01% = 0.9772 or 97.72%

3-4. To the left z = 2.45

P (z < 2.45) = 0.5000 +0.4929 7-8. Between z = -1.24 and z= 2.36
=0.9929 or 99.29% P( -1.24<z<2.36) = 0.0.3925+ 0.4909
= 0.8834 or 88.34%

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9-10. More than z = 1.90
P(z>1.90) = 0.5000-0.4713 = 0.0287 or 2. 11-12. Above z = -1.60
87% P (z >-1.60) = 0.5000+0.0.4452
= 0.9452 or 94.52%

ACTIVITY E
1.) The average length of adult rabbit is 30cm with standard deviation of 4cm. If their lengths are
normally distributed,
a.) How many percent of adult rabbits are shorter than 26cm?
𝑥− µ 26− 30 −4
Convert 26cm to z score, 𝑧 = = = = −1
𝜎 4 4
P (z<-1) = 0.5000- 0.3413 = 0.1587 or 15.87%
Since, the equivalent of X=26 is z=-1 by using the formula.
Shorter means to the left, the probability to the left of z=-1 is
0.1587. Therefore,15.87% of the adult rabbits are shorter
than 26cm.
b.) How many percent of adult rabbits exceed 40cm in length?
𝑥− µ 40− 30 10
Convert 40cm to z score, 𝑧 = = = = 2.5
𝜎 4 4

P (z>2.5) = 0.5000- 0.4938 = 0.0.0062 or 0.62%

Since, the equivalent of X=40 is z= 2.5 by using the formula.
Exceeds means to the right, the probability to the right of z=2.5 is
0.0.0062. Therefore,0.62% of the adult rabbits exceeds 40cm.
in length.

c.) If a rabbit is randomly chosen, what is the probability that its

length is between 21 and 35cm?
𝑥− µ 21− 30 −9
Convert 21cm and 35 to z score, 𝑧 = = = = −2.25
𝜎 4 4
𝑥− µ 35− 30 5
𝑧= = = = 1.25
𝜎 4 4
P ( -2.25 <z <1.25) = 0.4878+0.3944 = 0.0.8822 or 88.22%
Between get the probability between z=-2.25 and z = 1.25 is 0.8822.
Therefore,88.22% of the adult rabbits is between 21 to 35 cm.

ACTVITY F
Area Nearest z-score
Given Area
1. Find the 75th percentile 0.7500-0.5000 = 0.2500
of a normal curve (P75)
0.2486 Z = 1.67
2. Find the 68th percentile 0.6800-0.5000 = 0.1800
of a normal curve (P68)
0.1808 Z = 0.47
3. Find the 32th percentile Z = -0.47 Since 32%
of a normal curve (P32)
0.5000- 0.3200 = 0.1800 0.1808
is located on the left.
Z = -0.25
4. Find the 40th percentile
0.5000- 0.4000 = 0.1000 0.0987 Since 40% is located
of a normal curve (P40)
on the left.
Z = -0.95
5. Find the 17th percentile
of a normal curve (P17)
0.5000- 0.1700 = 0.3300 0.3289 Since 17% is located
on the left.

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 ACTIVITY G
DIRECTIONS: Given a normal distribution with a mean of 24 and standard deviation of 4, find the
area BETWEEN the following:

1-3. 28 and 30 4-6.) 12 and 38 7-9.) 16 and 22

bvbv

10-12.) 19 and 31 13-15.) 17 and 24

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