EML 2023 – Clearance Fits

Lecture 2 – Clearance Fits

Cylindrical Fits

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units
tolerance - difference between the
limits of size for a single feature ;
shaft .0025 ; hole .0040
limits of tolerance – the max and
min sizes of a single feature
allowance – the tightest fit between
two mating parts ; .0050
nominal size – the general size of
a shaft or hole ; 1.5
basic size – the size to which the
plus-and minus is applied
actual size – the measured size of
the finished part
fit - the degree of tightness or
looseness between two
assembled parts

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units
• clearance fit – gives a
clearance between
two assembled mated
parts ;
• min clearance
.005 ;
• max clearance
.0115
• transition fit
• interference fit
• line fit

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – English Units
• clearance fit
• interference fit – a binding fit
that requires the parts to be
forced together, much as if
they were welded
• transition fit – may range from
a interference fit to a clearance
fit between the mated parts
• line fit – results in surface
contact or clearance when
limits are reached

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Computer Aided Design
 Cylindrical Fits – English Units
• The ANSI B4.1 standard defines a series of fits
between cylindrical features in inches for the
basic hole system.
• The types of fits covered in the standard are:
– RC: running or sliding clearance fits
– LC: clearance locational fits
– LT: transition locational fits
– LN: interference locational fits
– FN: force and shrink fits

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Computer Aided Design
 Cylindrical Fits – English Units
• RC: running or sliding clearance fits
– RC1 to RC9

• LC: clearance locational fits

• LC1 to LC11

• LT: transition locational fits

• LT1 to LT6

• LN: interference locational fits

• LN1 to LN3

• FN: force and shrink fits

• FN1 to FN5

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Computer Aided Design
 Example – RC9 Fit
• hole and shaft have a basic diameter of 2.5”
• From Tables in Appendix 29

thousands of an inch

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Computer Aided Design
 Example – LT3 Fit
• hole and shaft have a basic diameter of 2.5”
• From Tables in Appendix 31

2.5012
2.5000

2.5008
2.5001

thousands of an inch

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Computer Aided Design
 Example – LN2 Fit
• hole and shaft have a basic diameter of 2.5”
• From Tables in Appendix 32

2.5012
2.5000

2.5021
2.5014

thousands of an inch

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Computer Aided Design
Example Problem

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 Cylindrical Fits – Metric Units
• ANSI B4.2 standard • basic size – the diameter
from which limits are
calculated
• upper and lower deviation –
the difference between the
hole or shaft size and the
basic size
• tolerance - the difference
between the maximum and
minimum sizes

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – Metric Units

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – Metric Units
• fundamental deviation – a
letter grade that describes
the deviation closest to the
basic size
• International Tolerance (IT)
grade – a series of
tolerances that vary with the
basic size to provide a
uniform level of accuracy
within a given grade
• there are 18 IT grades:
IT01, IT0, IT1, …, IT16

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Computer Aided Design
 Cylindrical Fits – Metric Units
• Hole basis
– a system of fits based on the minimum hole size as the basic
diameter
– the fundamental deviation for a hole-basis system is “H”
– Appendices 35 and 36 give hole-basis data for tolerances
• Shaft basis
– a system of fits based on the maximum shaft size as the basic
diameter
– the fundamental deviation for a hole-basis system is “h”
– Appendices 37 and 38 give shaft-basis data for tolerances

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Computer Aided Design
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Cylindrical Fits – Metric Units

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Computer Aided Design
Cylindrical Fits – Metric Units

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Computer Aided Design
 Example 1
• determine the shaft and hole limits for:
– hole-basis system
– a close running fit
– a basic diameter of 49 mm
– use a preferred size

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 Example 1
• use a preferred basic
diameter of 50 mm

• use a fit of H8/f7

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Computer Aided Design
 Example 2
• determine the shaft and hole limits for:
– hole-basis system
– a location transition fit
– a basic diameter of 57 mm
– use a preferred size

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Computer Aided Design
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Computer Aided Design
 Example 2
• use a preferred basic
diameter of 60 mm

• use a fit of H7/k6

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Computer Aided Design
 Example 3
• determine the shaft and hole limits for:
– hole-basis system
– a medium drive fit
– a basic diameter of 96 mm
– use a preferred size

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Computer Aided Design
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 Example 3
• use a preferred basic
diameter of 100 mm

• use a fit of H7/s6

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Computer Aided Design
 Nonstandard Fits, Nonpreferred Sizes
• determine the shaft and hole limits for:
– hole-basis system
– a close running fit
– a basic diameter of 45 mm
(do not change to a preferred size)

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Computer Aided Design
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 Nonstandard Fits, Nonpreferred Sizes
• use a fit of H8/f7

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Computer Aided Design