Government of Tamil Nadu

Department of Employment and Training

Course : TNPSC Combined Civil Services Examination - IV(Group IV / VAO)

Subject : Indian Economy
Topic : Economic Trends in Tamil Nadu

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 Indian Economy 1

Economic Trends in Tamil Nadu

Manufacturing units in Tamil Nadu
• The manufacturing industry is the fastest growing industry in Tamil Nadu.
• After Maharashtra and Gujarat, Tamil Nadu occupies third place in the industry.
• Production is the process of converting raw materials into a complete utility.
• Unique manufacturing unit is known as the factory.
• Many factories that produce the same kind of products are called industries if
they are on a wider scale.
• 24% of the total income in the state is through these industries.

Distribution of major industries in Tamil Nadu

• Weaving, sugar plants, paper manufacture, leather products, Cement, electrical appliances,
motor vehicle, information technology and tourism are the main industries in Tamil Nadu.

Weaving Industry
• Tamil Nadu plays a major role in the production of cotton fiber products in the Indian textile
industry, textiles and ready-made garments.
• Tamilnadu Contributes 25% of India's total production in cotton yarn, fiber and fabric
production. Coimbatore, Pollachi, Udumalapettai, Tiruppur, Karamadai, Erode, Bhavani,
Dindigul, Tirumangalam, Madurai, Palayankottai, Papanasam and Theni are the core areas of
the weaving industry.
• Coimbatore region is known as "Manchester of South India" because it has a large weaving
industry.
• Districts of Tirupur, Erode and Coimbatore are part of the state's economy through the textile
industry, which is known as the Tamil Nadu "Weaving Valley". Tiruppur exports 70% of
Tamil Nadu's undergarments.
• Erode District is leading producer of garments and bed sheets. Bhavani Jamukalam and
Chennymalai blankets are very popular.
• The city of Karur is the weaving capital of Tamil Nadu.

Silk weaving industry

• Tamil Nadu is ranked fourth in the country's silk industry.
• Tamil Nadu’s Kanchipuram is famous for the unique traditional weaving quality.
• Aarani, Rasipuram and Tiruppuvanam are also significant silk weaving centers.
• Silk Worm rearing Training Center is located in Hosur
• Synthetic Fiber Clothing Production - Mettur, Ramanathapuram.
 Indian Economy 2

Sugar plants
• 10 percent of India's total sugar production is by Tamil Nadu.
o Positive factors for Sugar Plant in Tamil Nadu -- Climate, Soil, Irrigation,
Transport, Market, cooperative societies.

Co-operative Societies in Tamil Nadu

• Sugar factories - 45 (cooperative societies - 16, state - 3, private - 23)
• Sugarcane - raw material of paper Industry
• Villupuram, Cuddalore, Vellore, Thiruvannamalai, Trichy, Thanjavur and Madurai districts
has the highest number of Sugar Mills.
• Jaggery, sugar are the products from sugarcane.
• Integrated Sugar mills have been set up by the Government of Tamil Nadu. These
integrated centers have been undertaken for energy production, ethanol and tissue laboratory,
ecological production, tissue recycling testing, soil test laboratory and compost production.
• Food processing industry
• Food processing industry has grown better in Tamil Nadu. Mango pulp juice is processed and
exported.
• Readymade food and packed food, spice powders needed for cooking are produced and
distributed locally and globally.
• Snacks and biscuits are manufactured.
• Marine products are also highly manufactured due to long coastline of Tamil Nadu.

Paper factory
• Tamil Nadu is in second place after Andhra Pradesh I this sector.
• 12 per cent of the country's paper production is from Tamil Nadu. Paper is made from raw
materials like bamboo, grass, and sugarcane.
• Paper production requires soda, soda salt, chlorine, sulphur, wood pulp juice, and water.
• Bukathurai of Tamil Nadu (Kanchipuram) Bhavani sagar, Pallipalayam, Pugazhur, Paramathi
velur, Coimbatore, Udumalaipettai, Thoppampatti, Nilakottai and Cheranmadevi have major
Paper Industries.
• Tamilnadu newsprint and papers Limited was established in the year 1979 with the help of
the World Bank in the Karur district, near Pugazhur. The TNPL is the largest paper
manufacturing factory in the world utilizing a million tonnes of sugar cane per year.

Cement factory
• Cement plant was originally launched in Chennai (AD 1904). But it failed.
• Then it was started in borbandar (Gujarat) in 1914.
 Indian Economy 3

Cement factories in Tamil Nadu

 Thazhaiyuthu - Tirunelveli
 Dalmiyapuram - Trichy
 Madukarai- Coimbatore
 sankar nagar - Salem
 Thulukkappatti –Virudhu Nagar

Petroleum purification
Location State Agency

Trombay Mumbai Hindustan Petroleum

Guwahati, Digboi Assam Indian Oil

Manali Chennai Indian Oil

Mathura (big) UP Indian Oil

Haldia Calcutta Indian Oil

Chemical factories
• Sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid industries - Maharashtra, Gujarat, West Bengal, Kerala,
Bihar
• Caustic soda, soda ash - Neyveli, Haldia, Gujarat.
• Pharmaceuticals
• Indian Pharmacology Institute - New Delhi - penicillin, Streptomycin
• Surgical Equipment Plant - Chennai.
• Hindustan Anti-Bodies Corporation- Pune-pencillin, Streptomycin, Vitamin-C.
• Insecticides - New Delhi (DDT) Aalavai(BHC).
• Hindustan Antibiotic - Pimbiri.
• Fertilizers
• First Factory and Biggest - Sindhiri (Bihar)
• Government Urea Production Factory - Neyveli
• Private Urea Production Factory - Ennore
• Spic Urea Manufacturing Factory - Thoothukudi
• Silk production in Kannada (first), UP, West Bengal
• Sugarcane Research Station - Coimbatore (Tamilnadu)
 Indian Economy 4

• Explosive Factory - Aruvankadu (Tamilnadu)

• Diesel, Electric Rail Engine Production Factory - Chittaranjan (West Bengal)
• Kaburtala, Patiala - train coach and spare parts
• Aalakana (Karnataga) - wheel and axes
• Varanasi - diesel engines (Uttar Pradesh)
• Integral Coach Factory - Perambur (Chennai).
• Research, Design, Quality Institute - Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh)
• First Shipping dock - Scindia Steam Navigation,
• In India - Visakhapatnam, Kolkata, Mazandag, Cochin.
• Aircrafts - Kirsak, Pushpak are Flights to agricultural work.
• Armored tanks production factory - Vijayantha (Avadi Chennai)
• The first trade union in India was established in Chennai.
• India's largest and oldest industry - textile.
• The private sector provides higher employment. Its aim is to make more profits.
• India's largest PSU - Indian Railways