Learning Area Grade Level 11

W3
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
Quarter Third (3rd) Quarter Date March 15-19, 2021

I. LESSON TITLE KINDS OF PROPORTION

II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING The learners identify the different kinds of proportions and write examples of
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) real-life situations for each.

ABM_BM11RP-Ie-3

III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Kinds of Proportion

Business Mathematics Textbook pages 58-70

Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
A. Introduction 20 minutes Day 1
Panimula This lesson will help you develop skills in identifying different kinds of proportions
and how these proportions can be applied to real-life business situations.

After going through this lesson, you will be able to:

1. define proportion;
2. differentiate direct, inverse, and partitive proportions;
3. identify if the problem illustrates a direct, inverse, or partitive
proportion; and
4. provide examples of real-life situations for each kind of proportion.

There are many situations where we use proportions in real life. Let us recall
what proportion is and look at situations/examples stated below. Try to solve
them in your notebook.

A. Three (3) sachets of powdered iced tea are needed to make 5

pitchers of iced tea. How many sachets are needed to make 15
pitchers of iced tea?
B. A cyclist can travel 2.5 km per hour. How long will it take him to
travel 10 kilometers?

Solving these problems is easier if you understand the proportion. To help

you understand more about proportion, read its definition and the examples
presented in your Business Mathematics pages 68-61.

B. Development 60 minutes
Pagpapaunlad From what you have read, proportion refers to equality between ratios. Look
at the illustration below.

1:2 = 5:10

The first and fourth terms are called the extremes while the second and third
terms are called the means. The rule regarding proportion is that the product
of the means is equal to the product of the extremes.

In the illustration above, the extremes 1 multiplied by 10 (1x10) is equal to 10

and the means 2 multiplied by 5 (2 x 5) is also equal to 10, hence, this is a
proportion.
Day 2 and 3. Kinds of Proportion

Now that you have already an idea in identifying proportion, study the
different kinds of proportion and the sample problems in your Business
Mathematics textbooks on page 64-66.

There are three types of proportion namely direct proportion, inverse

proportion, and partitive proportion.

1. Direct proportion

After reading, you now know that direct proportion has two values that may
vary but the ratio between them remains the same. An increase in one
variable will also increase the other variable, and a decrease in one will also
decrease the other variable. Look at the sample problem and illustration
below:

Example 1. Two boxes of chocolates cost PhP180 while 7 boxes of chocolates

cost Php 630.
As the number of boxes
increase, the cost also
Boxes 2 7
Cost
= = increases. This is a direct
proportion.
180 630

2. Inverse proportion

There is an inverse proportion when an increase in one quantity results in

a decrease in another and vice versa.

Example 2. To finish a certain job in 8 days, 6 workers are needed. To finish

the same job in 6 days, 8 workers are needed.

When the number of workers

Days 8 6 increase, the number of days to
Workers
=6 = finish the job decrease. When the
8 number of workers decrease, the
numbers of days will increase. This is
an inverse proportion.

3. Partitive proportion

Lastly, a partitive proportion is a whole partitioned into equal, or unequal

ratios.

Example 3. In Grade 11 ABM class with 130 students, 60% are girls and 40%
are boys. The ratio of girls to boys is 60:40 or 6: 4. The ratio of boys to girls is
4:6.
 GRADE 11-ABM The total number of
G11-ABM students are
130 with a ratio of 6:4.
This is an example of
partitive proportion.
40% BOYS
60% GIRLS

C. Engagement Day 4
Pakikipagpalihan 20 minutes To assess whether you can recall and apply what you have learned, answer
the following activities:

Activity 1
Turn to your Business Mathematics textbook page 70, part C . Identify if the
problem stated a Direct Proportion (DP), Inverse Proportion (IP) or Partitive
Proportion (PP). Write the answer in your notebook.
D. Assimilation 20 minutes What Have You Learned?
Paglalapat 1. In your own words, briefly define proportion and kinds of proportion
2. In three sentences, discussed why (a) time and speed (b) number of
workers and days show inverse relationships.

Activity 2: Look and Ask around!

Look around you, or ask real- life situations with your family members on the
application of the different kinds of proportion. Then write your observation in
your notebook then share it with the class.

V. ASSESSMENT To further check your understanding, answer the exercise below.

(Learning Activity Sheets for
Enrichment, Remediation or
Assessment to be given on Weeks
Identify whether the statement refers to Direct Proportion, Inverse Proportion,
3 and 6) or Partitive Proportion
1. Two values may vary but the ratio between them remains the same.
2. An NGO plans to donate a collection of 10,256 books to three libraries
in the ratio of 1:4:3.
3. A whole is partitioned into equal or unequal ratios.
4. A supply of relief goods lasts for a week for 20 families in an
evacuation center. How long would the supply last if 5 more
families have to be supplied?
5. An increase in one quantity results in a decrease in another.
VI. REFLECTION In your notebook, write your insights about the lesson using the prompts
below.
I understand that ___________________.
I realize that ________________________.
I need to learn more about __________.

Prepared by: Irish G. Cotejar, SDO Imus City Checked by: Dr. Josephine Canlas, Adora G. del Mundo,
Jeramie G. Buensuceso