Constantes Ecuaciones Química Masas atómicas

NA = 6,022·1023 mol–1 M(H) = 1,008 g/mol; M(He) = 4,002 g/mol

kB = 1,381·10-23 J K–1
c = 2,9979·108 m s-1
RH = 2,179·10-18 J = 1,09678·107 m-1
F = e NA = 96485,34 C mol–1
h = 6,626·10-34 J s = 6,626·10-27 erg s
e = 1,602·10-19 C = 4,803·10-10 uec
1eV = 1,602·10-19 J
ε0 = 8,854·10-12 C2m-1J-1
Unidades de presión
1 Pa = 1 kg m–1 s–2 = 1 N m–2 = 1 J m–3
1 atm = 760 mmHg = 101325 Pa = 1,01325 bar
1 bar = 105 Pa = 105 J m–3 = 0,986923 atm
Constante de los gases
R = 0,08206 atm L K–1 mol–1
R = 0,08314 bar L K–1 mol–1
R = 8,314 J K–1 mol–1
Masas
me = 9,1094·10-31 kg
mp = 1,6726·10-27 kg
mn = 1,6749·10-27 kg
M(Li) = 6,941 g/mol; M(Be) = 9,012 g/mol
M(B) = 10,811 g/mol; M(C) = 12,011 g/mol
M(N) = 14,007 g/mol; M(O) = 15,999 g/mol
M(F) = 18,998 g/mol; M(Ne) = 20,180 g/mol
M(Na) = 22,990 g/mol; M(Mg) = 24,305 g/mol
M(Al) = 26,981 g/mol; M(Si) = 28,085 g/mol
M(P) = 30,974 g/mol; M(S) = 32,066 g/mol
M(Cl) = 35,453 g/mol; M(Ar) = 39,948 g/mol
M(K) = 39,098 g/mol; M(Ca) = 40,078 g/mol
M(Br) = 79,904 g/mol; M(I) = 126,904 g/mol

Átomo de Bohr Química nuclear

𝑅𝑅𝐻𝐻 𝑑𝑑𝐶𝐶𝐴𝐴 ln(2)

𝐸𝐸𝑛𝑛 = − − = 𝑘𝑘 𝐶𝐶𝐴𝐴 ⇒ 𝐶𝐶𝐴𝐴 = 𝐶𝐶𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑒𝑒 −𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 ⇒ 𝑡𝑡1⁄2 =
𝑛𝑛2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑘𝑘
𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛2 𝑎𝑎0 ; 𝑎𝑎0 = 0.53Ȧ 𝐸𝐸 = ∆𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑐 2

Enlace iónico Líquidos y sólidos Gases

1�
𝑁𝑁𝐴𝐴 𝑀𝑀𝑧𝑧 + 𝑧𝑧 − 𝑒𝑒 2 1 𝑃𝑃𝑣𝑣,2 Δ𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝐻𝐻 1 1 3𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 2 1 𝑁𝑁
𝑈𝑈𝑟𝑟 = ⋅ 1− ln = − 𝑢𝑢𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 𝑃𝑃 = 𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢� 2
4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀0 𝑟𝑟0 𝑛𝑛 𝑃𝑃𝑣𝑣,1 𝑅𝑅 𝑇𝑇1 𝑇𝑇2 𝑀𝑀𝑚𝑚 3 𝑉𝑉
1
𝐸𝐸𝑐𝑐 = 𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢� 2
Ec. de estado 2
2
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑃𝑃𝑖𝑖 = 𝑥𝑥𝑖𝑖 𝑃𝑃 𝑃𝑃 + 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 � 2 𝑉𝑉 − 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑉𝑉
Energía y Entropía Disluciones
𝑃𝑃=𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝜋𝜋 = 𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 = −𝑃𝑃 𝑑𝑑𝑉𝑉 W = −P∆𝑉𝑉 𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴 = 𝜒𝜒𝑎𝑎 𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴0
𝑇𝑇=𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 Δ𝑇𝑇𝑏𝑏 = 𝐾𝐾𝑏𝑏 𝑚𝑚
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 = −𝑃𝑃 𝑑𝑑𝑉𝑉 W = −𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛(𝑉𝑉2 ⁄𝑉𝑉1 ) 𝐶𝐶𝐴𝐴 = 𝐾𝐾𝐻𝐻 𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴
Δ𝑇𝑇𝑓𝑓 = −𝐾𝐾𝑓𝑓 𝑚𝑚
𝛿𝛿𝑄𝑄𝑝𝑝 = 𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝,𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑𝑇𝑇
𝛿𝛿𝑄𝑄𝑣𝑣 = 𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶𝑣𝑣,𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑𝑇𝑇
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 + 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 = −𝑃𝑃 𝑑𝑑𝑉𝑉 + 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 ⇒ ∆𝑈𝑈 = 𝑊𝑊 + 𝑄𝑄
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒. ; 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 > (𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒. )
𝑇𝑇 𝑇𝑇
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶𝑣𝑣,𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑; 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝,𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑; 𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝 − 𝐶𝐶𝑣𝑣 = 𝑅𝑅
𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝
𝛾𝛾 = ; 𝑇𝑇𝑉𝑉 𝛾𝛾−1 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐; 𝑃𝑃𝑉𝑉 𝛾𝛾 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐶𝐶𝑣𝑣
∆𝐺𝐺 = ∆𝐻𝐻 − 𝑇𝑇∆𝑆𝑆