Machine Tool and Machining

Class-27
Date: 13.10.20

Machining
 General classification of machine tools:
• Machine tools is a M/C typically powered by electrically or hydraulically used to make
or manufacture parts in various way including cutting or other kind of deformation
• Machine tools is a M/C that imparts the required shape to a workpiece with desired
accuracy by removing metal from the workpiece in the form of chip

M/C Tools

By degree of
By degree of specialization
automation By weight
Light duty General purpose
Manual control
Medium duty Single purpose
Semiautomatic
Heavy duty Special purpose
Automatic machine tools
Generating and forming
Working and Auxiliary motions

Working motion for some machine tool

Auxiliary motion: Clamping , unclamping, ideal travel of cutting tool, changing the
speed of drive and feed motions, engaging and disengaging of working motion
Classification of material removal

Machine tools
Classification of machine tools using single point cutting tool
Classification of machine tools using multi-point cutting tool
Class-29
Date: 19.10.20

Machining
 Lathe

• Centre Lathe
• Tool-room lathe
• Special purpose lathe
• Copying lathe
• Gap-bed lathe
• Hollow spindle lathe
• Capstan an turret lathe
• Automatic lathe
• Numerically controlled
lathe
Schematic diagram of a lathe and its components
 Lathe specification
• Distance between the centers
• Swing over the bed
• Swing over the cross slide
• Horsepower of motor
• Cutting speed range
• Feed range
• Screw cutting capacity
• Accuracy achievable
• Spindle nose diameter
• Hole size
Class-30
Date: 20.10.20

Supporting components in lathe..

 Work holding devices
3-jaw chuck

4- Jaw chuck
Dog and dog plate

Collet
Steady and follower rest
Steady and follower rest
Single point cutting tool geometry
Various machining operations performed in lathe

Knurling
Class-31
Date: 03.11.20

Machining in lathe…
Internal machining by lathe
Taper turning in lathe
• Using a compound slide
• Using form tools
• Offsetting the tailstock
• Using taper turning attachment
Using a compound slide Using form tools
Offsetting the tailstock
Taper turning attachment
Machining of flat surfaces…
Shaping machine
Quick return mechanism
Class-32
Date: 06.11.20

Milling machine…
 Milling

• Interruption cutting
• Small size chips
• Variation in chip
thickness
Horizontal milling machine
Vertical milling machine
Different milling operations
Up and Down milling
Down milling
Comparison between Up Milling and Down Milling
Drilling
Hole making operations
Drill Press
Radial drill
Class-33
Date: 09.11.20

Drilling and Grinding…

Multiple spindle drilling machine Gang drilling machine
Drill bit geometry
Grinding
Grinding Operation

Horizontal surface grinding

Vertical surface grinding

(a) External cylindrical Grinding (b) Internal cylindrical Grinding
Centreless Grinding
Compositional specifications of Grinding Wheel