UNIT 4_ Materials

part 2: Properties

Technologies 1 ESO

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 LET’S CHECK!!
If glasses were made of opaque plastic, we would
not see anything.

If umbrellas were made of lace fabric, we would

get wet because it’s a permeable material.

If it rained on these paper shoes, our feet would

get wet because paper is a permeable material.

If keys were made of glass, they would break

because glass is a fragile material.
 WHAT DID WE LEARN?

WE CHOOSE THE MOST SUITABLE

MATERIAL TO MANUFACTURE AN
OBJECT LOOKING AT ITS
PROPERTIES
 1. VISUAL PROPERTIES
TRANSPARENCY
Capability of a material to let the light through and the
objects clearly seen.
A material can be: Opaque, translucid or transparent

Remember the names of the properties:

Opacity
Translucidity
Transparency
 2. THERMAL PROPERTIES
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Capability of a material to transmit the heat through it.
A material can be: Thermal
insulator or thermal
conductor
 2. THERMAL PROPERTIES (II)
FUSIBILITY
Capability of a material to melt (turn from solid to liquid)
under high temperatures.
Materials: Melt at different temperatures

Materials that don’t melt, but burn, are: Combustible

 3. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
Capability of a material to transmit the electricity through it.
An object can be: Electric
insulator or electric
conductor
HAVE A DEEP LOOK AROUND
YOU…

… AND FIND:

2 OPAQUE
OBJECTS

2 TRANSLUCENT
OBJECTS

2 TRANSPARENT
OBJECTS
 4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
ELASTICITY
Capability of a material to change shape under a force and
then return to its original shape when we stop the force.
A material can be: Elastic or rigid
 4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (II)
PLASTICITY
Capability of a material to change shape forever and to not
come back to its original shape.
An object can be: Plastic or rigid
HAVE A DEEP LOOK AROUND
YOU…

… AND FIND:

2 PLASTIC OBJECTS

2 ELASTIC OBJECTS

2 RIGID OBJECTS
 4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (III)
HARDNESS
Resistance of a material to scratching, cutting or bending.
An object can be: Hard or soft
 4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (IV)
TOUGHNESS and FRAGILITY
Capability of a material to deform without fracturing when we
hit it.
An object can be: Tough or fragile (brittle)
HAVE A DEEP LOOK AROUND
YOU…

… AND FIND:

2 HARD OBJECTS

2 SOFT OBJECTS

2 TOUGH OBJECTS

2 FRAGILE OBJECTS
 5. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
OXIDATION
Capability of a metal to change its composition under the
presence of water or oxygen.
A metal can oxidize easily or be stainless
 5. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES (II)
PERMEABILITY
Capability of a material to let the water through.
A material can be: Permeable
or impermeable
(waterproof)
HAVE A DEEP LOOK AROUND
YOU…

… AND FIND:

2 STAINLESS
OBJECTS

2 WATERPROOF
OBJECTS
 6. MANUFACTURING PROPERTIES
DUCTILITY
Capability of a material to being streched into thin wires or
threads.
A material can be: Ductile or non-ductile
 6. MANUFACTURING PROPERTIES
(II)
MALLEABILITY
Capability of a material to being hammered into thin sheets.
A material can be: Malleable or non-malleable
 6. MANUFACTURING PROPERTIES
(III)
WELDING
Welding is a process to join materials (metals and plastics
mostly) through local fusion between two pieces.
A material can be: Weldable or non-weldable
HAVE A DEEP LOOK AROUND
YOU…

… AND FIND:

2 DUCTILE
MATERIALS

2 MALLEABLE
MATERIALS
 7. ECOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
BIODEGRADABILITY
Capability of a material to being decomposed by nature
(bacteria).
A material can be: Biodegradable or non-
biodegradable
 8. ECONOMIC PROPERTIES
PRICE
Amount of money given to pay for a material.
A material can be: Cheap or expensive