Properties of Matter Lesson 1

Lesson 1
Opening
Prayer
Big Idea: Matter is described by its
properties and may undergo changes
Lesson 1 : Properties of Matter

Essential Question: What are physical
and chemical properties of matter?
Unit 1 Lesson 1: Properties of Matter
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define physical and chemical property
2. Enumerate the physical and chemical properties
of matter.
3. Classify materials based on the physical and
chemical property they belong.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Properties of Matter
What are the properties of

matter?
How do you classify materials
based on its properties?
What is the difference between
physical and chemical
property?
Observe the following materials. What do you see?

Can you describe the characteristics of the materials?
The properties of matter can be categorized into two

main groups: general properties and special properties.
General properties are those characteristics that are

present in all kinds of matter.
General properties of matter include mass, volume and
density.
General properties are those characteristics

that are present in all kinds of matter.
General properties of matter include mass,
volume and density.
 Mass is the amount of matter in an object. You can directly
measure the mass of solids, but not liquids or gases.
 Volume is the amount of space occupied by the object. It is

measured in cubic centimeter or milliliter (mL).
 On the other hand, density is the amount of matter present in a given

volume of substance. The formula for density is d = M/V, where d is
density, M is mass, and V is volume.
 The floating and sinking of liquid depends on the densities of both the object and the
liquid.
Special properties
 are those characteristics found in some
or specific materials.
 Special properties of materials are
further classified into two: physical
property and chemical property.
What are physical properties of matter?
• A characteristic of a substance that can be observed

without changing the identity of the substance is called a
physical property.
Physical properties can be observed without

any changes in its composition such as
hardness, brittleness, flexibility, elasticity,
conductivity, malleability, and ductility.
Let’s find out what

are the Physical
Properties of
HARDNESS
Hardness is the ability of a material to be rigid and resist
pressure that may cause deformation or change in its shape.
What are examples of materials that exhibits hardness?
Hard materials like metal, rocks and wood can be used to build
scaffoldings.
Diamond
Pencil Lead
BRITTLENESS
It is a property of solids to be broken into pieces such as glasses and
porcelain. But, even though these materials are already broken, they can still be
useful.
They can be made as wall décor or improvised spikes on walls to protect one’s
home from trespassers.
What are examples of materials that exhibits brittleness?
ELASTICITY
Elasticity is the ability of materials particularly solids to

return to their original shape after being subjected to stretch,
stress or tension.
What are examples of materials that are elastic?
FLEXIBILITY
Flexibility is the ability of materials to be bent without

breaking.
What are examples of materials that are elastic?
DUCTILITY
Ductility is the property associated with the ability of a solid material to
be hammered thin or stretched/ transformed or drawn into wires
without breaking. A ductile material or substance can be drawn into a
wire.
What are examples of materials that are ductile?
POROSITY
Porosity is the ability of materials to hold liquid to
certain extent.
These materials are full of tiny holes. Liquids go through
things that have porosity.
What are examples of materials that exhibits porosity?
MALLEABILITY
Malleability is a property of metals that defines their ability to be

hammered, pressed, or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.
It is the property of metals to deform under compression and take a new
shape.
What are examples of metals that can be flattened into thin sheets?
LUSTER
Luster is the ability of a material to be shiny,
glitter, sparkle or glossy by reflecting light.
What are examples of materials that exhibits
luster?
MAGNETIC ATTRACTION
Magnetic is the ability to attract materials made of steel and iron.
Most metals have magnetic properties.
It is physical property that can be observed when metal attracts
another metal.
What are examples of these metals?
CONDUCTIVITY
Conductivity is the ability of materials to

conduct electricity and heat. Metals are good
conductors of electricity.
• Electrical conductivity is a
measure of how well electric
currents move through a
substance.
• Thermal conductivity is the rate

at which a substance transfers heat.
• Solubility is the ability of a

substance to dissolve in
another substance.
Solubility is a physical property, the solid particles of the

drink would be left behind. Their identity does not change.
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Properties of Matter p23
What are physical properties of matter?

• The state of matter is a physical property. The state of matter is
the physical form of the matter.
• Most matter exists as a solid, liquid, or gas.

g e
h a n Electrical
T c y
State of matter
conductivity
Density
O gas, liquid) t
N
(solid,
n t i
o es i d e
t he
D Volume Thermal
conductivity
Mass Physical Properties Solubility
Magnetic Malleability
attraction
Boiling point Luster
Melting Point
THE CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES OF
MATTER
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Properties of Matter P26
What are chemical properties of matter?
• A chemical property describes the ability of a

substance to change into a new substance with different
properties.
• Combustibility, flammability, and biodegradability are
some examples of chemical properties.
What happens when you put a paper or a wood

into a flame?
COMBUSTIBILITY
Combustibility is a measure of how easily a substance

bursts into flame through fire or combustion.
This is an important property to consider when a substance is
used for construction or is being stored.
Combustibility is the ability of material to burn.
Woods and papers are example of materials that

are combustible.
FLAMMABILITY
Flammability refers to whether a compound or a substance will
burn when exposed to flame. (the ability of matter to burn).
Again, burning is a chemical reaction-commonly a high temperature
reaction in the presence of oxygen. Flammability is the ability of material to
ignite or catch fire easily.
What happens when you leave a leftover

food or vegetable peelings and dead
•BIODEGRADABILITY
plants and animals is a garbage or a
pit?
BIODEGRADABILITY
Biodegradability is the ability of organic substances and materials to be

broken down into simpler substances through the action of enzymes from
microorganisms.
CHEMICAL STABILITY/REACTIVITY
Chemical stability refers to whether a compound or a substance will

react with water, air, heat, light and pressure (chemically stable substances
will not react).
It also refers to the potential changes in composition in the product due to
chemical reactions that may occur such as oxidation and polymerization.
• Reactivity is the ability of a substance to interact with

another substance and form one or more new substances.
g e
Ability to rust and
h a n
tarnish
r m
o c f o
y t a n d e
il i t t y n c
A b n t i s t a
i d e u b
e w s
thReactivity
n e Chemical
Combustibility
a Properties
Flammability
What is the difference between

physical and chemical properties?
• Physical properties can be observed without changing the
identity of a substance.
• Chemical properties can be observed only by changing the
identity of a substance.
Physical Property can be seen without changing the identify of the matter.
Chemical Property has the ability to change the substance.
 KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER:

 Physical properties can be observed without any changes in its composition such as hardness,
brittleness, flexibility, elasticity, conductivity, malleability, and ductility.
 On the other hand, chemical properties are characteristics that can only be observed when the
composition of materials has changed. Combustibility, flammability, and biodegradability are
some examples of chemical properties.
 These changes help us to understand how things are use in a manner of how it reacts to certain
factors like heat, fire and outside forces that change its physical attributes.
 Moreover, knowing its components make us more aware of their life span and how to reuse,
reduce or even recycle them.
 Lastly, the main idea of this topic is to save our planet earth form pollution cause by improper
disposal of waste and impractical use of products that slowly destroy our mother earth

Properties of Matter Lesson 1

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Lesson 1

Lesson 1 : Properties of Matter

What are the properties of

Observe the following materials. What do you see?

The properties of matter can be categorized into two

General properties are those characteristics that are

General properties are those characteristics

 Volume is the amount of space occupied by the object. It is

 On the other hand, density is the amount of matter present in a given

What are physical properties of matter?

• A characteristic of a substance that can be observed

Physical properties can be observed without

Let’s find out what

Elasticity is the ability of materials particularly solids to

Flexibility is the ability of materials to be bent without

Malleability is a property of metals that defines their ability to be

Conductivity is the ability of materials to

• Thermal conductivity is the rate

• Solubility is the ability of a

Solubility is a physical property, the solid particles of the

What are physical properties of matter?

• Most matter exists as a solid, liquid, or gas.

Mass Physical Properties Solubility

Boiling point Luster

What are chemical properties of matter?

• A chemical property describes the ability of a

What happens when you put a paper or a wood

Combustibility is a measure of how easily a substance

Woods and papers are example of materials that

What happens when you leave a leftover

Biodegradability is the ability of organic substances and materials to be

Chemical stability refers to whether a compound or a substance will

• Reactivity is the ability of a substance to interact with

What is the difference between

 KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER:

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