Lectures of Structure II 2021-2022 [DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE]

Lecture 6

Design of slabs
1. Introduction

Slabs are used in floors and roofs of buildings mostly integrated with the supporting beams,
carry the distributed loads primarily by bending

2. Types of reinforced concrete slabs

1. One way slab

2. One way joist slab (ribbed slab)
3. Two way slab
4. Two way joist slab (ribbed slab)
5. Flat plate slab
6. Flat slab

3. One way slab

The analysis and design of one way solid slab are the same as the rectangular sections with
singly reinforcement but we will use the section width (b) is equal to 1 unit length

Slabs can be designed or analysed as a one way slab when the following condition is met:

Clear long span

2
Clearshortspan

3.1. Minimum thickness of one way slab

To determine the thickness of one way solid slab use Table 1 below:

Table 1: Thickness of one way slab (fy =420 MPa)

where L is the clear span length in the short direction.

For fy other than 420 MPa, the values shall be multiplied by the following quantity:

fy
(0.4  )
700

3.2. Minimum and maximum area of reinforcement

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Lectures of Structure II 2021-2022 [DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE]

𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝜖𝑐𝑢
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.85𝛽1
𝑓𝑦 𝜖𝑐𝑢 + 0.004

If 𝜌 > 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 increase t.

𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑦 = 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.002 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑦 = 280, 350 𝑀𝑃𝑎

0.0018 × 420
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑦 > 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦

3.3. Spacing requirements

1000 1000 𝐴𝑠𝑏

𝑆= =
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝐴𝑠

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = min( 3𝑡, 450 𝑚𝑚)

𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 40 𝑚𝑚

3.4. Effective slab thickness

𝑑𝑏
𝑑 = 𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 −
2
db is commonly 10mm or 12mm.

t must controlled the shear requirements

∅𝑉𝑐 > 𝑉𝑢𝑑

𝑖𝑓 ∅𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑢𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑡

4. Steps of design one way slabs

1. Determine slab thickness (using Table 1)
2. Determine ultimate load
a. Self-weight of the slab = γt (kN/m2)
b. Dead load which can be calculated by multiplying the density of each layer above
the slab by their thickness.
c. Live load

Then Factored Load = 1.2 Wd + 1.6 Wl

3. Analyze slabs by using ACI coefficients (Appendix 1)

4. Determine effective depth and check the shear requirements
5. Assume φ=0.9 to be checked later
6. Find ρ from
𝑓𝑦
𝑀𝑢 = 𝜑𝜌𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑦 (1 − 0.59𝜌 𝑓′ )
𝑐
7. Check ρ with ρmax and ρmin
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Lectures of Structure II 2021-2022 [DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE]

𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝜖𝑐𝑢
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.85𝛽1
𝑓𝑦 𝜖𝑐𝑢 + 0.004
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.002 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑦 = 280, 350 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑦 = 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎
0.0018 × 420
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑦 > 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦
8. Determine As
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
9. Find S and check with the requirements
1000 𝐴𝑠𝑏
𝑆=
𝐴𝑠
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = min( 3𝑡, 450 𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 40 𝑚𝑚
10. Shrinkage and temperature reinforcements
As=Asmin
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = min( 5𝑡, 500 𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 40 𝑚𝑚

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