Irucffj
WJUQÙB EC pjhk ncink pkr? Fjrjúj

Sb elscúk ec? Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj

 
 

 Jbtcs ec cmpczjr …
¡Nkfj!
 
Muinjs hrjiljs pkr jequlrlr ml pjtrùb ec Irucffj, mc cmkilkbj muink sjacr quc tc
hustù cstc elscúk y quc fk tcocrês.
Cstc pjtrùb tlcbc ub blvcf mcelk ec eldliuftje, cstê cxpflijek mceljbtc dktkhrjdíjs,
huíjtc ikb cffjs. Yl tc qucej jfhubj euej, pucecs ikbsuftjr tìiblijs y ejtks cb ml
ijbjf ec \kuUuac Fjrjúj k csirlalìbekmc j ml Lbstjhrjm Gfjrjbnj.njbemjec.

Ujmalìb tc ikmcbtk quc tkeks fks jmlhurumls quc tcojs ikb mls pjtrkbcs pucecs
vcbecrfks jf prcilk quc ircjs ikbvcblcbtc, pucecs njicrfcs dktks y puaflijrfjs cb
iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj vlrtujf slcmprc y iujbek fc ecs cf irìeltk ecf elscúk krlhlbjf j
Fjrjúj, sl fk njics cb Lbstjhrjm k Djicakk` ctlquìtjmc y jecmês usj cf #fjrjúj.

:. Fj
 Jfhubjs Qcikmcbejilkbcs
Fj mjykríj ec fks jmlhurumls sc cmplczjb ikb ub Jblffk Mêhlik y sc trjajojb cb
csplrjf (j mcbks quc cf pjtrùb tc lbelquc jfhk eldcrcbtc), cs pkr cffk quc tc
rcikmlcbek usjr ub mjrijekr ec vucftjs. \k slcmprc mjrik cf pubtk lbliljf, cstk
jyuej j ikbtjr cf bÿmcrk ec pubtks y vucftjs pjrj ikmpjrjrfks ikb cf pjtrùb.
1. Ucoc
Ucoc fks pubtks alcb joustjeks, tkek ecpcbec ec fj tcbslùb ec ijej tcocekr, pcrk ml
rcikmcbejilùb cs tcocr joustjek pjrj quc jf rcffcbjr cf jmlhuruml bk sc vcj cf
rcffcbk. \ tcoc tkejs fjs plczjs ikb fj mlsmj tcbslùb.
9. Wjrj
Wjrj quc tu jmlhuruml tkmc fj dkrmj ikrrcitj, cs bcicsjrlk quc rcffcbcs
dlrmcmcbtc. Wucecs jyuejrtc ikb ub pjfltk k ubjs plbzjs pjrj ffchjr ikb djilfleje
j ijej cspjilk pkr mês pcqucúk quc scj. Qcffcbj ijej pjrtc ecf jmlhuruml

Elsdrutj muinkikbdkrmc
5. Elsdrutj vjs tcolcbek.
ijej pubtk tcolek, tcoc ikb jmkr.

Wjrj mês pjtrkbcs vlsltj 

vlsltj www.fjrjbnj.ikm
www.fjrjbnj.ikm  

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

JAQCTLJILKBCY?
- JM? jblffk mêhlik
- ije? ijecbj
- pe? pubtk ecsflzjek/pubtk cbjbk
- mp? mcelk pubtk
- mpj? mcelk pubtk jftk
- pj? pubtk jftk
- pje? pubtk jftk ekafc MJUCQLJFCY
- jum? jumcbtk ec mp - Nlfk ec jfhkeùb
jf hkeùb ikfkr?
- jummpj? jumcbtk ec mpj Sb ikfkr pjrj fj plcf (ike? 9771),
- jumpje? jumcbtk ec pje afjbik (ike? ::71),
- jum9… ? jumcbtk trlpfc (trcs ptks cb ubk) bchrk.
- els? elsmlbuilùb - Wjúkfcbil k dlcftrk cb tcfj ikfkr bchrk.
- els9? elsmlbuilùb trlpfc
- *…*? tcoc tkek fk quc sc cbiucbtrj - Koks ec schurleje ec :1mm.
ecbtrk ec fks jstcrlsiks cb cf mlsmk - Irkinct ec 1.77mm.
pubtk.  - Bjpj k jfhkeùb slbtìtlik.
- AFK? aji` fkkp (tkmjr skfk ncarj ec jtrês - Jhuoj fjbcrj.
ecf pubtk) - Ulocrjs.
-  DFK? drkbt fkkp (tkmjr skfk fj ncarj ec - Mjrijekr ec vucftjs. 
jecfjbtc ecf pubtk) - Jfdlfcrcs
- Qbe? rkbej - Jfjmarc pjrj jrtliufjr fks arjzks
- Ttj? vucftj (kpilkbjf).
- IyT? ijecbj y vkftcj cf tcolek.
-  (..) x?
 x? rcpctlr fk quc njy cbtrc pjrìbtcsls cf
bÿmcrk ec vcics lbelijejs pkr cf ‖x” 
-  (… Qbe/s)? bÿmcrk ec rkbejs j rcpctlr slb
mkeldlijr fks pubtks. (Cxpflijilùb jfhk mês
jajok)

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
 

 Iucrpk
Ikmcbzjrês pkr fjs plcrbjs, rciucrej lr rcffcbjbek cf iucrpk ikb dkrmc tcocs.
WQLMCQJ WLCQBJ?
Ikb ikfkr bchrk tcoc 4ije y ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk trjajoj?
Qbe :? 5mp, jum9mp, -pkr cf ktrk cxtrcmk ec fjs ije- 9mp, :jum (:1)
Qbe 1? :jum, 9mp, 9jum, 9mp, 1jum (:>)
Qbe 9? AFK :>mp (:>)
Qbe 5   ’ 
’  Qbe
 Qbe 3? :>mp (:>) (1rbes) 
(1rbes) 
Qbe 4? 1mp, 4els, 5mp (:1)
Qbe 8? 1mp, 9els, 5mp (<)
Qbe >? <mp (<)
Qbe <? AFK <mp (<)
 Qbe :4? <mp (<) (8rbes) 
Qbe:7  ’  Qbe
Ikrtj cf nlfk ecojbek ubj ncarj pcqucúj quc fuchk
pcrecrês iujbek ubjs fjs plcrbjs.
*Yl tc cs mês iùmkek njz fks akrecs ec zjpjtks jbtcs ec ublr fjs plcrbjs, cstk cstê cxpflijek cb
pêhlbj. 
fj slhulcbtc pêhlbj. 
YCHSBEJ WLCQBJ \ ISCQWK?
Ucoc fj schubej plcrbj ecf mlsmk mkek cb quc tcolstc fj prlmcrj, pcrk cstj vcz bk ikrtcs cf nlfk,
tcoc 9mp jelilkbjfcs (pjrj ualijrtc cb cf fjtcrjf sl bcicsltjs tcocr mês k mcbks pubtks skfk
skf k njzfk), y fuchk 9ije.
ßbcfj j fj prlmcrj plcrbj ikbtjbek eks pubtks njilj jtrês ecf mp ikb cf quc dlbjflzjmks fj
prlmcrj plcrbj (pjrj ualijrtc cb cf mcelk ecf fjtcrjf ec fj plcrbj, sl bcicsltjs ikbtjr mês k mcbks pubtks skfk njzfk),
cb csc mp njrcmks cf prlmcr mp ec fj Qbe:8.
Ikbtlbÿj ikb ikfkr bchrk?
Qbe :8? <mp cb fj prlmcrj plcrbj (ikbtjbek cf mp ec fj ublùb), 9mp cb fjs ije, <mp cb fj schubej
plcrbj, 9mp cb fjs ije (15)
Qbe :>  ’  Qbe
 Qbe 11? 15mp (15) (3rbes)
(3rbes)  
Qbe 19? 9mp, :els, (4mp, :els) x 1, 9mp (1:)
Qbe 15? 1:mp (1:)
Qbe 13? (3mp, :els) x 9 (:>)
Qbe 14? :>mp (:>)
Qbe 18?
1>? 1mp,
4mp, :els,
ijmalj5mp,
jf ijmalj
ikfkr ecjffjikfkr ec fjijmalj
plcf 9mp, plcf :els,jijmalj j bchrk
bchrk 4mp (:3) 5mp, :els, 1mp (:3)
Qbe 1<? 1els, 1mp, ijmalj jf ikfkr ec fj plcf 9mp, ijmalj j bchrk 5mp, :els (:1)
Cstc pcqucúk ijmalk ec ikfkr cs pjrj njicr cf csiktc ecf vcstlek, sl bk tc qucej icbtrjek ikb
fjs lbelijilkbcs, ijmalj fj pkslilùb ecf ijmalk ec ikfkr.
Ikrtj cf nlfk ecojbek ubj ncarj fjrhj pjrj ikscr cf iucrpk j fj ijaczj.

 
 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

Akrec ec fks zjpjtks.

Cbhjbinj nlfk bchrk cb fks DFK ec fj Qbe < quc qucejrkb flarcs y njz <pe.

Iksc cf iucrpk cbilmj ec fj Qbe 1 ec fj ijaczj.

 Ijaczj
Fj ijaczj ec Irucffj tlcbc dkrmj ec iuak, pkr cffk cmpczjrcmks tcolcbek ubj ajsc iujerjej.
Ikb cf ikfkr ec fj plcf.
Qbe :? JM >mp (>)
Qbe 1? >jum (:4)
Qbe 9? (1jum, 1mp) x 5 (15)
Qbe 5? :mp, 1jum, (5mp, 1jum) x 9, 9mp (91)
Qbe 3? 1mp, 1jum, (4mp, 1jum) x 9, 5mp (57)
Qbe 4? 9mp, 1jum, (>mp, 1jum) x 9, 3mp (5>)
Qbe 8? 5mp, 1jum, (:7mp, 1jum) x 9, 4mp (34)
Qbe >? 3mp, 1jum, (:1mp, 1jum) x 9, 8mp (45)
Qbe <? 4mp, 1jum, (:5mp, 1jum) x 9, >mp (81)
Qbe :7  ’  Qbe
 Qbe 13? 81 mp (81) (:4rbes)
(:4rbes)  
*IKFKIJ FKY KOKY EC YCHSQLEJE CBILMJ EC FJ QBE :3 CB SBJ EC FJY IJQJY ECF ISAK IKB :1mp EC
YCWJQJILÙB, ALCB ICBUQJEKY.
Yl cs bcicsjrlk mkeldlij cf ikmlcbzk ec fj Qbe14 jschurêbektc quc fjs elsm qucecb cb fjs csqulbjs.
Jyÿejtc ikb cstc vleck? 
vleck? nttps?//www.ykutuac.ikm/wjtin;v=\H4-:p[`AQ>&t=37s
nttps?//www.ykutuac.ikm/wjtin;v=\H4-:p[`AQ>&t=37s  
Qbe 14? 4mp, 1els, (:5mp, 1els) x 9, >mp (45)
Qbe 18? 3mp, 1els, (:1mp, 1els) x 9, 8mp (34)
Qbe 1>? 5mp, 1els, (:7mp, 1els) x 9, 4mp (5>)
Qbe 1<? 9mp, 1els, (>mp, 1els) x 9, 3mp (57)
Qbe 97? 1mp, 1els, (4mp, 1els) x 9, 5mp (91)
*Qcffcbj fj ijaczj.
Qbe 9:? :mp, 1els, (5mp, 1els) x 9, 9mp (15)
Qbe 91? (1els, 1mp) x 5 (:4)
Qbe 99? >els (>)
 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

Ikrtj cf nlfk ecojbek ubj ncarj bk tjb fjrhj, ilcrrj fks >mp ikb jhuoj pkr fj ncarj ecfjbtcrj y
csikbec fj ncarj ecbtrk ec fj ijaczj.
Cf ilcrrc ecf tcolek ecac qucejr njilj jrrlaj, iksc cf iucrpk cbilmj ec fj Qbe 1 ec fj ijaczj.

SALIJILÙB EC FKY KOKY? cb fj prlmcrj dktk fks jfdlfcrcs cstêb ualijeks cb fj Qbe:3 ikb :1 mp ec
scpjrjilùb, cs jní ekbec ikfkijrcmks fks koks ec schurleje ec :1mm,
:1mm , yj ikb fks koks jschurjeks
qucejrê ikmk cb fj schubej dktk.

Ktrj mjbcrj ec pkecr ualijr fks koks alcb icbtrjeks cs? tcblcbek cb iucbtj quc ncmks ncink
jumcbtks cb dkrmj ec iujerjek, lecbtldlij fj ÿftlmj rkbej ec jumcbtks, cb cstc ijsk cs fj Qbe
<, csikhc fks jumcbtks ec ubj ec fjs csqulbjs y ifjvj ub jfdlfcr ub pubtk ecspuìs ecf jumcbtk
ikmk tc mucstrj fj dktk, y cb fj mlsmj elrciilùb ecf jfdlfcr suac njstj fj Qbe :3. Cf schubek jfdlfcr
fk ualijrês ikb :1mp ec scpjrjilùb cb fíbcj ikb cf jfdlfcr ec fj Qbe:3. Huíjtc pkr fjs slhulcbtcs
dktks.

Yl tc qucej jfhubj euej, tcbhk ub vleck cb Lbstjhrjm cxpflijbek cstc pjsk

Gfjrjbnj.njbemjec

 Arjzks (tcoc eks)

Ikb ikfkr bchrk?
Qbe :? JM 4mp (4)
Qbe 1? 4mp (4)
Ijmalj jf ikfkr ec fj plcf?
Qbe 9? AFK 4mp (4)
Qbe 5  ’  Qbe:7?
 Qbe:7? 4mp (4) (8rbes) 
(8rbes) 
Ikrtj cf nlfk ecojbek ubj ncarj fjrhj
pjrj ikscr fks arjzks jf iucrpk.
Fks arjzks bk sc rcffcbjb.
Cbhjbinj nlfk bchrk cb fks DFK ec fj Qbe 9 quc qucejrkb flarcs y njz 4pe.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

Yl qulcrcs jrtliufjr fks arjzks ec tu Irucffj, jtrjvlcsj ub jfjmarc (hjfvjblzjek) cbilmj ec fj Qbe
18 ecf iucrpk, fj mcelej ec cstc ecpcbec ecf tjmjúk ec fks arjzks. Njz ub ekafcz cb fks cxtrcmks
ecf jfjmarc pjrj cvltjr quc sc sjfhj pkr fks pubtks (jpjrtc ec cstk yk fc pkbhk ub pkqultk ec
ilbtj jlsfjbtc) y ikfkij fks arjzks pjrj fuchk ikscrfks.

Jnkrj fks arjiltks pucecb qucejrsc cb fj pkslilùb quc qulcrjs.  

 Ijacffk
Cf ijacffk ec Irucffj tlcbc ubj ajsc afjbij y bchrj ikb muinks mcinkbcs. Cs dêilf ec tcocrfk, skfk
tcb pjilcbilj, prcstj jtcbilùb j fks ijmalks ec ikfkr, slhuc cf pjsk j pjsk y huíjtc pkr fjs dktks.
Iujbek njhjs ijmalk ec ikfkr BK cs bcicsjrlk quc ffcvcs ecbtrk ecf tcolek cf ikfkr quc bk cstês
usjbek, skfk eìojfk cb cspcrj pkr jtrês.  
CYUJQ UJB JWQCUJEK , lbifusk pucecs tcocrfk ikb ub irkinct ec ub bÿmcrk mês (yk bk fk njhk, skfk
tcok mês dfkoltk, pcrk sc pucec).
Ikb ikfkr bchrk.
Qbe :? JM >mp (>)
Qbe 1? 5jum, ijmalj j afjbik 5jum (:4)
Qbe 9? tkej fj Qbe cb AFK ijmalj j bchrk (1jum, 1mp) x 1, ijmalj j afjbik (1jum, 1mp) x 1 (15)
Qbe 5? ijmalj j bchrk? :mp, 1jum, 5mp, 1jum, 9mp, ijmalj j afjbik? :mp, 1jum, 5mp, 1jum,
9mp (91)
Fks DFK ec fj Qbe 9 bks scrvlrêb pjrj tcocr fks mcinkbcs ecf ijacffk, pcrk prlmcrk njrcmks
mcinkbcs pkr fks AFK ec fj Qbe 5.  

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
 

Nj ffchjek cf mkmcbtk ec tcocr fks mcinkbcs ec ijacffk pkr cstj pcqucúj ajsc.  BK ikrtcs bl cf
nlfk afjbik bl cf nlfk bchrk. Ikmk ncmks tcrmlbjek ec tcocr fj ajsc ikb ikfkr afjbik
cmpczjrcmks njilcbek fks mcinkbcs afjbiks, ikmk yj sjacs cf ijacffk ec Irucffj cs mltje
bchrk y mltje afjbik, fj ajsc quc jijajs ec tcocr tc scrvlrê ec huíj pjrj trjajojr ijej ikfkr
ekbec ikrrcspkbec.
Cs lmpkrtjbtc rcijfijr quc trjajojrês fjs tlrjs QCHQCYJBEK pkr fj ajsc ecf ijacffk, prlmcrk pkr
fks
cb pubtks ec fj Qbe5
ikfkr AFJBIK ikmky fuchk pjsjrês
cb ikfkr pkr0 cs
BCHQK
BCHQK0 fkspkr
DFKcstk
qucquc
ecojstc cxpucstks
vkftcjr
vkftcjrês jf njicr
ês cf trjajok fj ec
jbtcs rkbej 9, tjbtk
cbhjbinjr
cf mcinùb :.
Wucecs mcelr cf prlmcr mcinùb y vcr sl tlcbc cf fjrhk jeciujek rcspcitk j fj ijaczj, cb ijsk
ikbslecrcs ikbvcblcbtc, pucecs ijmaljr cf tjmjúk ec fks mcinkbcs jumcbtjbek k
elsmlbuycbek cf bÿmcrk ec ijecbjs.

MCINKBCY AFJBIKY?
Cbhjbinj fks mcinkbcs cb cf pubtk quc slhuc, BK YJFCYUCY BLBHßB WSBUK.

 :7? Njz 9:ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc? 

Mcinkbcs :  ’  :7?
(:jummpj, :mpj) x :3. Njarês pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, jnkrj vkftcj fj ajsc (skfk pjrj cf prlmcr
mcinùb), y cb cf slhulcbtc pubtk quc bk cstê trjajojek
trj ajojek njz ub :pe. Bucvjmcbtc fcvjbtj fjs ije
pjrj cf slhulcbtc mcinùb. Huíjtc pkr fjs dktks. 

 :3? Njz ::ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc :pe, :mp, >mpj.
Mcinkbcs ::  ’  :3?
Njarês pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, cbhjbinj
cbhj binj cf mcinùb cb cf slhulcbtc pubtk elspkblafc ikb :pe.

Mcinkbcs :4? Njz 9:ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc?
(:jummpj, :mpj) x :3. Njarês pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, cbhjbinj cf mcinùb cb cf slhulcbtc
pubtk DFK elspkblafc ikb :pe.

*Jf tcrmlbjr cf mcinùb :4 tkijrê cbhjbinjrfk

cb hjbinjrfk cb cf prlmcr DFK quc cbiucbtrcs ec ffj
j Qbe 9, pkrquc
yj bk qucejb mês pubtks cb ikfkr afjbik elspkblafcs.

 15? Njz 9:ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc?

Mcinkbcs :8  ’  15?
(:jummpj, :mpj) x :3. Njarês pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, cbhjbinj cf mcinùb cb cf slhulcbtc
pubtk DFK elspkblafc ikb :pe.
Cf uftlmk mcinùb sc cbhjbinj cb cf mlsmk pubtk ekbec cmpczjstc j tcocrfk.

Ucrmlbjstc ec tcocr fks mcinkbcs afjbiks, jnkrj ikrtj cf nlfk ecojbek ubj ncarj fk
sudlilcbtcmcbtc fjrhj pjrj ikscr fks mcinkbcs j fj ijaczj ec Irucffj.
 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
 

MCINKBCY BCHQKY?
Fks mcinkbcs cb ikfkr bchrk sc trjajojb ec fj mlsmj dkrmj quc fks afjbiks, njaíjmks ecojek
cb cspcrj cf nlfk
nlf k bchrk y cstc cstê ualijek jf ktrk fjek ec ekbec cmpczjmks ikb fks mcinkbcs
afjbiks, pcrk jf dlbjf cs fk mlsmk skfk ijmalj cf krecb ec fks mcinkbcs, sc tcocb jsí?

BKUJ?
njarê  qucejek
Cb ijsk sccbnjyj csikbelek
fj pjrtc trjscrj,fjcb
ncarj bchrjscj ecac
csc ijsk mcelej quccfscmlsmk
schulr laj tcolcbek fj ajsc,
krecb quc pjrjcstj
fks
mcinkbcs afjbiks. 
Ikb cf nlfk ec ikfkr bchrk.
Mcinkbcs : - 3? Njz ::ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc :pe, :mp, >mpj.
Njarês pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, cbhjbinj
cbhj binj cf mcinùb cb cf slhulcbtc pubtk elspkblafc ikb :pe.

Mcinkbcs 4 - :4? Njz 9:ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc?
(:jummpj, :mpj) x :3. Njarês pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, cbhjbinj cf mcinùb cb cf slhulcbtc
pubtk DFK elspkblafc ikb :pe.
*Jf tcrmlbjr cf mcinùb :4 tkijrê cbhjbinjrfk cb cf prlmcr DFK quc cbiucbtrcs ec fj Qbe 9, pkrquc
yj bk qucejb mês pubtks cb ikfkr bchrk elspkblafcs.

 15? Njz 9:ije, ecsec fj schubej ije ecspuìs ecf hjbinlffk tcoc?

Mcinkbcs :8  ’  15?
(:jummpj, :mpj) x :3.
pubtk DFK elspkblafc ikbNjarês
:pe. pjsjek pkr tkejs fjs ije, cbhjbinj cf mcinùb cb cf slhulcbtc
 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

Cf uftlmk mcinùb sc cbhjbinj cb cf mlsmk pubtk ekbec cmpczjstc j tcocrfk.

Ucrmlbjstc ec tcocr fks mcinkbcs bchrks, jnkrj
j nkrj ikrtj cf nlf
nlfkk ecojbek ubj ncarj fk sudlilcbtcmcbtc
fjrhj pjrj ikscr fks mcinkbcs j fj ijaczj ec Irucffj.

Wjrj ualijr cf ijacffk (sl qulcrcs pucecs ikscr jbtcs fjs

fj s krcojs quc cstêb cxpflijejs fuchk ec cstc
pjsk)?
  Wkb ub jfdlfcr cb cf icbtrk ec fj ajsc ecf ijacffk y njzfk iklbilelr ikb cf icbtrk ec fj ijaczj.
  Salij ikb jfdlfcrcs fks mcinkbcs mês pcqucúks cb fj drcbtc.
  Fuchk ualij ubk pkr ubk fks mcinkbcs fjrhks ikb jyuej ec jfdlfcrcs, ikfkij ijej jfdlfcr jf
mcelk ec ijej mcinùb k jf dlbjf ec fj ijaczj (ikmk tc hustc mês). Cmplczj ualijbek fks
mcinkbcs ec fj Qbe 5 quc iuarlrêb tkej fj ijaczj, fuchk pkr cbilmj ikfkij fks mcinkbcs
quc tcolmks cb fks DFK ec fj Qbe 9. Qciucrej quc cb fj mltje vjb fks afjbiks y cb fj ktrj
mltje fks bchrks.
  Dlbjfmcbtc, ikb cf nlfk fjrhk quc ecojstc jf icrrjr cf tcolek, tjbtk afjbik ikmk bchrk, iksc
fj ajsc ecf ijacffk y fks mcinkbcs ikb ubj pubtjeltj cb ekbec puslstc ijej jfdlfcr, jquí fj
lmpkrtjbilj ec usjr jfdlfcrcs, bks jyuejb j tcbcr mês krecb. Wucecs lr rctlrjbek fks jfdlfcrcs
ikb dkrmc ikscs.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

 Krcojs
Ikb cf ikfkr ec fj plcf?
Cb ub Jblffk Mêhlik (JM) tcoc 4mp, fuchk joustj cf jblffk y ikrtj
cf nlfk ecojbek ubj ncarj pjrj ikscrfj j fj ijrltj ec Irucffj.
Saíijfjs j fj jfturj ec fks koks, cbtrc fks mcinkbcs ec ijacffk.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

 Jarlhk
Urjajojrcmks cb mpj, cf tcolek ecf sjik scrê pkr vucftjs, bk pkr rkbejs, tcrmlbj ijej vucftj ikb
ije y vkftcj cf tcolek.  
BKUJ?  Iujbek tcbhjs quc ecojr cf ikfkr afjbik cb rcpksk, eìojfk mlrjbek njilj tl (y bk njilj
jtrês ikmk fk njríjs bkrmjfmcbtc)0 cstk pjrj quc fj ijrj cxtcrlkr ecf jarlhk sc vcj mês prkfloj.
Ykfk pjrj cf nlfk afjbik, cb cf ijsk ecf nlfk bchrk njzfk ikmk fk njríjs bkrmjfmcbtc, fj lecj cs
quc jmaks nlfks sc ecocb rcpksjbek pjrj cf mlsmk fjek.
Ikb ikfkr bchrk tcoc 1:ije y ecsec fj schubej ije ecsec cf hjbinlffk trjajoj?

Ttj :? 1mpj, jum9mpj, (5mpj, jum9mpj) x 9, 1mpj, IyT (1>)

Ttj 1?  :jummpj, 1mpj, :jummpj, iucbtj 4mpj, eìojfks slb tcocr y ecsec cf 8· pubtk njz?
:jummpj, :mpj, :jummpj, :mpj, ijmalj ijm alj j ikfkr afjbik y skfk ecoj cb cspcrj cf nlfk bchrk BK
fk ffcvcs cb cf tcolek, njz ikb afjbik? :jummpj, 1mpj, :jummpj, vucfvc j ikbtjr 4mpj, eìojfks
slb tcocr y ecsec cf 8· pubtk njz? jummpj, 1mpj, jummpj, IyT (15) huíjtc pkr fjs dktks.
Ikbtlbÿj ikb ikfkr afjbik?
Ttj 9? (9mpj, :jummpj) x 9 ijmalj j ikfkr bchrk (9mpj, :jummpj) x 9 IyT (97)
Ikbtlbÿj ikb ikfkrijmalj
Ttj 5? :3jummpj, bchrk? j ikfkr afjbik :3jummpj IyT (47)
Ttj 3  ’  Ttj
 Ttj >? ikb ikfkr bchrk 97mpj, ikb ikfkr afjbik 97mpj, IyT (47)  
Ijmalj j ikfkr afjbik k bchrk schÿb ikrrcspkbej.
Yl qulcrcs quc cf jarlhk ec Irucffj scj mês fjrhk, skfk jumcbtj fj ijbtleje ec vucftjs.
Ikrtj cf nlfk y csikbec fjs ncarjs skarjbtcs.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
 

 Mjbhjs
Cbhjbinj nlfk ikfkr afjbik y bchrk (schÿb ikrrcspkbej) cb ubk ec fks 4 pubtks quc ecojmks slb
tcocr jbtcrlkrmcbtc huíjtc pkr fjs dktks, trjajoj cb rkbejs (cb csplrjf), slcmprc mjrij cf prlmcr
pubtk ec fj rkbej.
Ducrkb 4 pubtks fks quc ecojmks flarcs, tcoc csks 4 pubtks y jelilkbj  1mpj  cb cf cspjilk quc
qucej oustk cb fj pjrtc ec jxlfj ecf jarlhk, huíjtc pkr fjs dktks. 
Qbe :  ’  Qbe
 Qbe 9? >mpj (>)
Dlbjfmcbtc njz ub pe, ikrtj cf nlfk y csikbec fj ncarj skarjbtc.
Njz fk mlsmk pjrj fj ktrj mjbhj.
*Wrucaj cf jarlhk cb Irucffj, y mlrj sl fjs mjbhjs qucejb alcb cb fks arjzks, fjs mjbhjs skb j
mltje ecf arjzk, pcrk sl tc qucej muy pcqucúj k muy hrjbec pucecs qultjr k jumcbtjr ubj
rkbej.

 Iucffk ecf jarlhk

Cbhjbinj nlfk bchrk cb cf prlmcr pubtk ec fjs 1: ijecbjs quc nlilstc pjrj cmpczjr j tcocr cf
jarlhk huíjtc pkr fjs dktks, iujbek ualqucs cstc pubtk tcoc? 9ije y fuchk :<pj cb fks slhulcbtcs
pubtks elspkblafcs.
Ikrtj cf nlfk y csikbec fjs ncarjs skarjbtcs.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
 

Wjrj fjs mjbinjs ecf jarlhk ikrtj iíriufks ec eldcrcbtcs tjmjúks ec pjúkfcbil k dlcftrk cb tcfj
ikfkr bchrk. Fuchk pìhjfjs ikb jyuej ec slflikbj fíqulej. Wjrj cstc pjsk bk njy ub krecb, yk
pchuì fjs mjbinjs cb cf akrec ec fjs mjbinjs y cb cf akrec ekafjek ecf jarlhk.

 Ajstkb
Wjrj njicrfc cf ajstùb j Irucffj bcicsltjs ub pcejiltk ec jfjmarc k ec jfhÿb pjfltk ec mjecrj
cf iujf dkrrjrês ikb nlfk bchrk y pchjmcbtk. \k fc ecok ubj pubtj slb dkrrjr jf jfjmarc pjrj
cbijojrfj cb fj mjbltk.
Cb fj pjrtc supcrlkr ejfc mês vucftltjs ec nlfk pjrj quc sc dkrmc cf m
mjbhk
jbhk ecf ajtùb.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm
www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
 

Dlbjfmcbtc jhrchj fks slhulcbtcs ectjffcs?

-  Akrej ikb cf ikfkr bchrk fjs icojs y cf ecflbcjek ecf kok.
-  Wkb ruakr k skmarj rksj cb fjs mcolffjs pjrj ejrfc ub jspcitk mês tlcrbk.
-  Ikb plbturj pjrj tcfj ec ikfkr bchrk k ikb ub pcejiltk ec nlfk, njzfc cf fubjr j Irucffj.

 
 ©171: Fjrjúj ’  Fnyfj
 Fnyfj Ulrjek Ujilffj ’  Ukeks
 Ukeks fks ecrcinks rcscrvjeks. Cf prcscbtc pjtrùb bk pucec scr jftcrjek,
jf tcrjek,
rcprkeuilek, vcbelek bl puaflijek cb blbhÿb sltlk wca. Fjs dktkhrjdíjs ecf muúcik tcrmlbjek pucecb scr cxpucstjs
cb iujfqulcr pfjtjdkrmj, eêbekfc cf irìeltk ikrrcspkbelcbtc jf elscúk ec Fjrjúj. Mês pjtrkbcs cb  www.fjrjbnj.ikm  
cb www.fjrjbnj.ikm