Chapter 2 Algebra and Functions L SOLVING EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES ‘When solving an equation, perform the same operations on both sides in order to isolate the variable. 5 45 £543 Example: |2x — 3] Sohetion: 2x — Example: Solution: x? 5x46 =0 (x-2DG-3)50 x=2or3 Note: When solving a rational equation, it is very important to check that, the answers should not make the denominator equal to zero. Example: Solve: x — 3 = Vix —3 Solution: (x — 3)? = (V2e= 3) x? 6x49 =2x>3 x? 8x +1250 (x- 2-6 x= 6or2 Note: When solving a radical equation, it is very important to check that the answers satisfy the original equation. In this case, only x = 6s the correct answer, Solution: —2(x? — 4) = B(x + 2) x? +42 4x48Ptdeb ea O ox 2 Since x = ~2 makes the denominator for this equation. equal to zero, there's no golation Solving inequality equations is just the same as solving the regular equations. Perform the me operations on both sides to isolate the variable, as well as reverse the dizection of the inequality when multiplying or dividing with a negative number on both sides of the inequality equation, such as reversing >, or > to $ or <. For example, multiplying a ~1 on both sides of the inequality, 3 = 2, will get the result—-3 <-2, Absolute Value Inequality ‘The absolute value of a number is the distance from that number to the zero-mark on the number line. The absolute value of any number is always non-negative. If |x — @| < 5, then all values of vare between a ~ b and a + b, inclusive on the number fine: a~b Sx Sa4b. Example: |x} <3 Solution: -3 Sx-1353 1-3sxs51+3 —2sxs4 If [x ~ af & b, then all values Of x are either fess then or equal to a ~ b, er greater than or equal to a+ on the Qumber line: x 2 a+ horx Sa~h. Exumple: |x ~ 1] 23 Solution: 3 3) or {-2 0 (then multiply ~1 on both sides) 0 (reverse inequality direction) ah al f SF So the answer is {2 U and forall jas (A)@lO<2 x} (Exh = j << 2. Find the set of values satisfying the inequality <2, (A)-44If [x — 4] <9, what are the possible values of x? (A)-8 4 (B)-34 ()-3 3x? + 2 + 6? (ACL ©) (B)(-e, ~1} U [5,@) O62 (D)(-», 1 u (9) )(-L8) 48 (x, ¥4) and (42, y2) are the points of intersection of the circle whose equation is x? + y? = 8 and the line x = y, find the valueof y, +2. {A)2 B)~2 (Qo (D4 (E)-4 Which of the following will have sy > 0, xy # 02 ye (Ay x>0 (Oxy <0 )r 0, then which of the following could be L04 ®)oo7 (A) x<2 (B) -12 (C) -1>xor2>x>0 (D) x<2orx<-1 (B -i b and jal < {b|, then which of the following must be true? (A) ab <0 (B) ab >0 (a>o ) b<0 (B) None of the above 33. Which of the following is the set of all real numbers of x such that jx? — 2 <2? (A) x<2 (B) O 0 for all real values of x? Lf@=x? 4a UL fe) = 1 = sinfx) Ufa) = mG) (A) LIL and Itt (B) Tonly (© Tand tl only (D) Wand {1h only: (E) Land If only xtyt3z26 xn ay 4yt For what values of 1 does the system of equations above have no solutions? (A) n2=2 (B) nee ©net (Dynes @r 0 for allx, then the range of (1 — x) is (A) gueater thant (B) less than 0 (©) less than ~ 4 (D) greaterthan 0 (8) less than or equal to 0 fe) = Ve and gx) = (A) 1.33 (B) 2.33, (© 3.23 (D) 3.53 @4 27, find (f° g)(4) =? Uf f(x) = x3 ~ 1, then the inverse of f(x) is (A) Lox? ©) ae (Q Ver (D) VxF7 Os If F(x) = [x], which of the following, values of x does f(x) = f(-x)? (A) x > 0only (B) x =Oonly (©) x<0only (D)x so (£) All real numbers x2B. 24, 25. If f(x) = VX +4, for all x > 0, then f-?(x) (A) 241 B) x?- 1 (©) (1 (D) (@@ +1)? () xt1 If f(x) = [3x® ~ 2x2), then (10) =? (A) -1,700 (B) -300 (©) 300 (D) 700 (E) 1,700 If f() = Jy and gx) = 5 ~1, then g(F@)) =? ws Oa (x41 (D) x (E) 2 nfafofhl= ee]ofes oF The table above shows some coordinate pairs on the graph of g(x). Which of the following could be gy? (A) @ 4 D@xt2) (B) (2? - 1)@x —3) © @+H@ +3) () @+D@-3) (2) (043)27. Which of the following expresses the range of the function g(x) = 4? (A) Ory #5} (B) {yy # 10} © bry #0) (D) Gry 20} (E) {y:y = All real numbers} 28. If f(x) = 2x ~ 3, and if gf 0. Axe then g(x) =? oF (D)p+3 (542 29. Mf fx) = 2x? ~ 3x ~5 then f(~2) is equal to Medium 30. Which of the f function (2) = (A) Alf real numbers (B) All real numbers except —1 (©) All real numbers except 0 (D) All real numbers except 1 (E) All real numbers greater than ~1 lowing defines the range of the BL. LE fe) = x? = 2v + 1, then f(x +a) ~ fe) =? (A) a? = 2042 (B) a? +2ax +20 (OQ ataxta (D) a? = 20+ 20x () @-axea32. What is the demain of the function defined by r x<2 @= lias x22 (A) 0o (E) All real numbers 2, then EEE. 9 If f(x) = VE and g(x) = ivF~ 1. then F(g(10)) =? (A) 3.014 (B) 2.123 (© 1073 (D) 0.378 (B) 0.01241. For which of the following functions has (have) an_ inverse function? TL FQ) = Ix (A) Ionly (B) Tonly (©) Land Il only (D) Hand Il only @® Uland ut 42. 16 f(a,b) = SB then f(-a,—b) =? ea (ay ab 8) © Os ©) = are 43. The line ax + ky — 1= 0 forms a triangular region with the x-axis and y-axis. What is the area of the region in terms of a and b? A) Sy 2 Oia oe oy) i ©) oy 44. Te f(x) = 2x-1 and f(g(1)) = 3, which of the following functions could be g(x)? (Axel (B) 2x44 (2x - 1 (D)x-1 (3x -26. 47. 48. 49, To draw the graph of the inverse of a function f(x), one must mirror the graph of f(x) about the (A) xeaxis (B) y-axis (©) line y = =x (D) line y = x (B) tines y= x and y = =z Tf g(x) = Sx — Zand g(f(x)) = x, then f(-2 (A; ®) (2 (D)-5 (E)5 If (-3,y) is a point on the graph of the inverse of f(x) = 2x5 + 5x44 6x +10, then y If the zeros of f(x) are 0, 1, and 2, then the zeros of FQ) are (4)0, 1, and 2 (B) £1.44, and 0 (OL 4 anda (D)1, v2, and 0 @thtv2,0 If f(x) = Vibx? =X and g(x) = <2, then oa F(g-3)) =? (a)7.87 (B)6.59 (3 (D}-4 (E)-850. St. 53. If (x) = (@@-1)(2? +x + 1), which of the following statements is (are) true? I. The function f (x) is increasing for x > 1. Il. The function f(x) = 0 has three real solutions. Il. The domain of the function f(x) is all real numbers, (A) Tonly (B) Honly (© Land Ill only (D) Hand Hi only (B) 1,1, and ill Which of the following is an even function? (A) FQ) = sin) (B) FG) = tan(e) (© FG) = e* (D) f(x) = 2x*=3 (E) f(x) = logo) If f(x) = VE=%? and x < 0, what is the inverse of fy? (A) f¥@) = V2 = 4 (B) f(x} = VIS R? and x <0 (©) F@) = Vx? and x <0 (D) FQ) = VE=XF and x 20 (BE) fx) = VE? and x20 Lf f(x) = loga(x? + 7) and f(g(1)) = 4, which of the following could be g(x)? (A) g(x) = 22 442 (B) g(x) = 2x? tx-1 (© gx) = cos(x) +4 (D) g(x) = sin(ax) +2 © g@)=3*-154, Which of the folfowing is true of the graph of the function ysin(x) = x? + cos(x) (A) Even function (B) Odd function (©) Symmetric with respect to x-axis, (D) Symmetric with respect to axis (B) Symmetric with respect toy = x 55. Which of the following is the domain of (x) = (A) All real numbers except 3 {B) All real numbers except greater than or equial to (©) All reat numbers greater than or equal to 2 except 3 (D) Alf reai numibers greater than or equal to 2 (E) All real numbers 56. If F(x) = zy + 7, what is the range of the function? (A) All real numbers but not 7 (B) All real numbers but not 2 (© All real numbers greater than 2 (D) All real numbers except 7 and 2 (B) Allreal numbers tea (a) (By ©-1 (D2 (E)0 58. IE f(x) = VERT and g(x) = x7,then F(g(2)) =? (A238 (83.22 (a7 (p)4.09 (47659. IF f(a) = 4 ~ e422, then ULM = 7 (A) 2 + 2xk — 3k (B) kx + 2x = 3 (C) k= 2x43 (D) k+2x-3 (E) None of the above 60. IE f(x) = x? and g(x) = x* +1, which of the following is an odd function (are odd functions)? Lf) -g) TL f(9@) ML g(f%)) (A) Lonly (B) Honly (C) Mlonly (D) Mand Itt only: (©) 1,0, and Ot 61. Which of the following equations has (have) graphs consisting of two perpendicular lines? Lay=0 Th byl = bel ML. [xy| = 1 (A) Tonly (8) only (©) Wonly (D) Iand Ml only (8) 1,11, and 1H 62. If f(x,y) =x? - 2y? and (x) = 2* , which of the following is equal to -2*+1? (A)S(GC.g@)) (B) F%9@)) (Cf GQ) (D)F(9(%),0) (E) F(0,.9@))63, 66. 67. le fGe) = = of fog? (Ayr tree (B)x zine? (Qx>2 Dz 22 (x#1 nl g(x) = vx =T, find the domain lk fe) = x? — 4, for what real number values of x will F(F@)) = 9? (A) 2or4 (8) #2ort4 (© 2or6 (D) £ vZor + VO (B) No value of x If f(@) is an odd funetion and f(a) = b, which of the following must also be true? 1 f(a) = —b Ufa sb Ml. F(-a) ==b (A) Loniy (B) Ionly (C) ill only (D) Land LLonty: (® Wand Mi only 1 (0) = VIR, g(x) = VREF T and Ata) then f(g(h(3))) =? (a) 9 (3 (©) 236 (D) 1.77 {B) 0.56 lf fe #1) =x? ~ 1 then f(x) =? (A}e? - 2x41 (B)x? 42x41 (x? 2x (D)x? + 2x x168, A function f(x) is odd if f(—x) = —f(x) for all x and even if f(x) = f(-¥) forall 3 Which of the following is the graph of a function that is both odd and even? A) ek 69. If f(x) = Ve" =6, whats f-"(3)? Hard (Ay. 3 (B)2.7 (932 (0)35 (B43 70. If f(x) = = and f(g) =i then which of the following could be g(x)? 2x (AS Por 8 (¢) Gt 1)@ +2) 71. The function of f(x) = ey is defined for (xl xis a reai number and x > 1}. Which of the following, expressions is the inverse of f(x)? @snt Oa Oxy (E) None of the above72. Mf Ge) =x + 1,g(x) = sinGe) +1, and AG) = cos(x), then which of the following, is an even function? (AVAGO) (B) AC) (ata) Wg) E\F@@)) 73. If fG) = ax +b. which of the following make(s) FG) = FAQ? 1a = —1,b = any real number Ta=-1b=0 UE, a= any real number, b= 0 {A) Tonly {B) Honly {C) Monly (D) Land Honly (E) land Hionly 74, Point (S,—2) lies on the graph of the inverse function of fand f(x) = 3x8 — 2x + K. What is the value of K? (A) ~20 (8) -18 © (p) 20 (B) 32 75. tf f(x) = VE FS and g(x) = x2, for what value(s) of x does g(f(x)) ~ f(g)? (AyL (8) -2 and 2 (Q-2 D)2 (E) All real numbers except ~576. For all real numbers x, f(2x) =x? — x +3. An expression for f(x) in terms of xis (A) 2x? 2x +3 (B) 4x?—2r 43 (S-443 77. Te f(x) = 2x - 1, g(x) = 4x, and A(x) = 2, then f2(g(n)) =? (a3 (B) 2 @t )§ (ons 78. Mf f(x) = 2x? + 8x — 13; find the negative value of FO) =? (A) = 1.24 (B) -1.57 (C) -3.85 (D) 5.24 (B) ~6.67 79. IE Fy) = = then which of the following statements must be true? Llfx =O andy #0, then f(x,y) = 1 IL Ifx= 4, then f(x) =1 IL. fy) = FO4%) (A) Lonly (B) only (© Land only (D) Land IH only (&) 1,1, and80. Which of the foliowing, statements is true about the expression (x+y) = (a= y)P? 1. Ithas 3 terms if mis even. a Ti tthes terms if vis odd, TL The last ter y (A) Lonly: (B) Uonly (©) land Toaly {D) Land Ul only (2) Mand Mf only HOY eee