Zl- 122 HWIO SOL/NS i) Prop! : Let dela rae |b and = CU Ia NAb)? (alee) hold for c= 12. Thea gJan dle, % d, | doa. on the otlur hand, di la A dale, deld,. Thus dn, k 54 diend,, d2=kd 2 denkd, 2 mk al nk ei and thus ad, = tda $0 4 Prop? - ng PO 1) Nowe Wa se is greatest 50 tat ala, KlO Yee Z, Thus sine 4% gcd (0,9) = a: ii) Note Kl2 9 #=8! Sine NAG gcd ay = t. iii) Noe Lla aehF24 Sine ala and alka, wt ft greatest possible common Cif a #0) divisor,2) Prop 3 ) FTS0C, say em mo | bes mig, om | Then Ayn ke Z st mn = mdn =a, med=b, Thea md la avd ad |b, dicting d= gcdla,’) but mo\d, mt conta it) aldy » JneZ aa mw dkn=dy > ko =4 ‘ eee 3 Lema” os oe rit reo Fs prives, ki zo, ae Thun ct ne x] 4 2 xa TTR, n, 2ké pF of Lemma ‘e", ry. fe” sea 4: n oo whe Ke-np 2 O Vielrd, so $6 “3. Geypedecde FTSOC, say x - ett Puy, Pr. Then UX, AP & we 9 Is coprime to but 9% 15 CopiM€ to yas ye and So copime 40 Y aly,c Thas _ Ne we TTP We see np eK Wi sine is, if Porirke then p |x ? ply, but c Ke See . / Sl does tot cleanly divide, since mir key P* ond ged l ey ez! vjiFe. ar with ual leona, em, d= i et we claim i) dla Ade i) gla A glb 2» eld and me z min (be, Ju) Si, let} re) ome ') Sine de [ti dla. Similorls, , ing emia (Ki, Ji) £ JU, 5 ~ font i’) let gla and glD> Thus @* Tre and ng sot. But flea whee ne SK np é min lkijid, $0 4 Jd. Sine od catisties li) ‘ ai, d= ged (a, )‘ne q 2a 4b a5 geuciza)-3 3S ¥ Soke I2alt b= 3 using Exclidean algorstl: 12-4143 12-1 +4 (= 3, 2 4 12-54965)= 15 4 - Solutions: a= St aaa, © - 5+3k eZ ce - 12 kw = _ be -5 - 544%) | -5- tk b) Ia 4b =| ged (12,42 3 KI a 2 vo Solutions ) 244+3b- | one golution 15 az-\, b= lL. Then all solutions 2 a = -[+ 3k ye Z. be | -2E ‘) sgh 2150006 5 | ¢ ged (50009, 13412) 412 ae Se po Solutions.5) ath > Bx 4eZ, axthy=/ (Begout’s lemma) al (bc) 4 FkeZ, ak -be $0 wee acxtbey= © 2 acxt aky =C D9 A (exe ky )=C a alc. i Atte ae Wwe ler Se See ale A oS Claim lem (a,b) is te viniaeal element of S. ( Sine abeS, St, x iF hag a mainisnal ebenort by MOF Clam: ms mialS) satisties yatmasia dn ale A Plt aala. Sine 0 e9, 1D) js automatic Mow, i+ ala Able, thea aes. Consider gcd Ome). Note alm” alm and ler b1Z, so algediva) A glocdinead, % gedima) ©5 But flan ged(m a2, and m*2) SO gcdim, a) and thus 9/”- hie, conclude Heat m satishes @b) subties i show = do ey \ Nole Hal sine \ de Be y ? \ ore |»! nt" |! \ \ > alm [a! shy \ ae ala\ A bl4 2 * 927 ter de gest, a’ © Teelorb) Claim : dred. fon ye BH eZ tie On b ae eT gine alm, % we si |b Now, e+ alar ale, so Ape Z. oink we ale 4/42 a] and [“e, m |e. Se t ab . Leh, wo qldy 92 in bet died2) No, 7# tails to le gases Warts wflexve. gcd (2,2) = 2y so 22. 8) Yes. Reflexie: Sine Lo = Fe) WxeX, X~X., Symmetric : Let weed x,~ Xe. Then fox) = £Cx2), 50 £Oa)-fOs), 50 Xo ©). Transitive: Let %%2,%,eX, Mw Xe, Ke wXs, Then Flu) = fm) ard Fle = £06), go f(xi)= $(xs) and x, 4 Xs, 4) Reflexive. Sine 4 YxeXx, XX and XweX, we lane XX, Symmetric: Let 44@X, xed. Then XY and X%2Y, 50 YX and Y~2X 50 Yr. Tronsrive: let %4,2eX, KKY A 4M Then ums, xrn YW and Ye, xuy Ayre 2x ne Noy xwe, a Yay A Yrr2 2 YRae yr z.Nowe IxT= Z4eX] x~¥ B= FaeX) amy a KY 3 = F4eX| ee 4S 15 yeX/ xwey 3 Ext, 1 Be ox}, 4 lay 10) a) True, Proof by ta duction: Kash rod i < Vee IN, dz b* mod on. Baswo case: a'zazbeb! md vn % Tnductine sep. Assure g* 2b" mod n fir some E, Then q Xt k K K ka} =a,aza bz bh bed mod yn Lv Thas ahh se htt od Ne dp b) Fale, leh n= 3, a-2, Kel, ho 4 Then 42/1 mod 3, but te 16 2] mod be hile 2522 med 3, W 7 % Clens hy fur both ianses > Yo is an inwerse, Now | pte u(uia)e Ufa md v but u(ua)eulJzu! mod n- Thus ylzy mod n.e" Sine usul we have AU 2a med y ’ 6@ and since U is an NmVete AUe | med iy $0 Qu el med 12) Mote that i the Faroe ho. ) es a A fuathet 15 Coptssse to Pr iF and oaly if os ois not divisible by p, be Boers Pr number is divis, ble by a 50 tee meg, num bes not Cop lime A P Py +o Pr in the lange Jy, *. Thus, thee we ° co pe nut ber copie to °* bo b(*) - pt a