Chapter 4 Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability 1__MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE, AND RANGE ‘The mean is the average you're used to, where you add up all the values and then divide by the number of values. ‘The median is the middle value in the list of rumbers. To find the median, the set of numbers have to be listed in numerical order first. If the number of values is, even, take the mean of the middle two numbers. ‘The mode is the value that occurs most often. IF no number is repeated, then there is no mode of the list. ‘The range is just the difference between the largest and smallest values. Example: Find the mean, median, mode, and renge for the following list of values: 12, 18, 13, 14, 12, 16, 14, 22, and 14, Solution: List the numbers in numerical order frst: 12, 12, 13, 14, 14 14, 16, 18, 22, Mean | 1 C= eneier ined Median, u Mode 4 Range 10 Example: A student has gotten the following grades on his tests: 87, 95, 76, and 88. In onter to achieve at least an average equal to or greater than 85, what is the minimum gradle he must get on his next test? Solution: Average = eet Sores — 5. state xs79 Example: In 2015, a total of 118,667 students took the AP Calculus AB exam. Find the mean, median, mode, and range of the AP exam grades in the table. ‘AP Exam Score_| Number of Students 19,082 27,607 32,091 21,082 18,905,19032 +2760) +3081) ¢2(21032)¢ 18905 Tiaecr aaa Solution: Meas Median Mode = 3 Range = 4 3 Problem Solving Skills Easy 1. ‘Themean of 20 integers is 99. After adding another Auswer(C) integer, the mean increases to 100, What isthe new integer added? (a) 110 @ us © 12 (©) 230 © 140 21x 100 20 x99 = 120 Number] Frequency | A survey was taken by 30houses on RiverSireet, Answer: People were asked how many cars were registered to their households. A frequency distribution chart for the number of cars is given. What isthe approximate mean numberof cars registered in each household on the River Sireci (ayzt0 (226 (256 (Oy3.02 ©323 Mem a 226If the median of the data 1, 6,5, 6,4, x85, then x = (ays B45 (5 (055 8 A sector of a circle has an arc length of 25 ‘eet and. an area of 15 square feet, How many degrees is the central angle? (a) 12° @) 25° (© 38° (D) 42° ©) 60" If the mean of the set of data 1,2,3,5,4,2, vis 3, what isthe value of x? (A) 35 @) 40 (O48 (0) 50 ©) 52 A company wanted to determine the fuel cost ofits fleet. A sample of 20 vehicles was selected, and the fuel cost for the last month was tabulated for each vehicle, Later it was discovered that the highest amount was mistakenly recorded with an extra zero, 90 it was 10 times the actual amount. When the correction was macle, this was still the highest amount. Which of the following remained she same after the correction was made? (A) Mean (B) Mode (© Median (D) Range (B) Standard deviation Answer: (©) Tiesto mnters inode 145.46 6 Te median = Anse: (A) ‘Ave Lngt= 1 = 25 Stor Asa = br8e = 35 $rGr0) = 15 2 Ansiver: (8) i4ee2l «ead Ansoer () Maan ll not change he highest amour changes|Given the set of data 5,5, 6,6, 67,7, % y, witere 2 and y represent two different integers. IF the mode is 7, which of the following statements must be true? (A) Either.x or y must be 2 {B) Both x and y must he greater than 7 (C) If viseither 5 or 6 then y must be 2 (D) xand y can be any numbers. (&) Both x and y must be 7. Mitchel’s final grade in his geometry class isthe average of his scores on ten tests graded ona scale ‘of 0 t0 100, inclusively. For the first seven tests, his scores averaged 85. IF he has.a final grade x for this, course, then which of the following is true? (A)S45 ot (D)t 5 Fora family with four children, whats the probability that at least one child is.a girl? (A) 0.95, (B) 094 (© 087 (B) 0.17 {B) 0.06 If two coins are selected at random from a bag containing theee nickels and eight dimes, what is the probability that both coins will be the same? we Bs OF ws ord If the probability that a certain event will occur is represented by the expression <>, then which of the following expressions represents the probability thatthe event will not occur? (ayxtt Ox O8 oft Oz Aner: Nuner of wg of fo Fetters oder a Numivr of won of Ai oie en 2 3 Probability Ansiver: (8) ‘The probaly oft last ne gti equa 1o: (1 =the probability of no gir 1-a()'=2=098 ‘Ansier:() Prt of geting on ie Probie of geting both dimes: rata eting Bo oi ing the Answer)19. Ona multiple-choice test with five answe: options, swe: (C) Jack guesses randomily on three questions, What is, the probability that he guesses exactly two of the is questions correctiy? ax iz Oz Om Oz Ox ‘The probity of guessing 2 correct: 20, lFthere are fourknown broken toysinatoxof12, Ar and three toys are drawn at random, what is the probebily at noe of etre dravnaje is frit hate fae broken? (a) 0256 é (B) 0.275 (© 0225 (5) 0398 (B) 0515 255 Hard 21. Acoin is tossed three times, Given that atleast one Answer: (D) head appears, what is the probability that exactly two heads will appear? Pratl or one a: (8) As Prt for to heads} (°) es 2 oF Prot fr tvee heads (2) 3 Probate ti ts = @z 3B 24 ‘Seven blue marbles and six red marbles are held in a single container. Marbles are randomly selected one ata time and not returned to the container. If the first two marbles selected are both zed, what is the probability that at least two blue marbles will be: chosen in the next three selections? Ws @e oF ©) se OF A pair of fair six-sided cice is tossed 10 times. What is the probability that neither a sum of 7 nora sum of 11 appear facing up? (A) 008 (B) 0.09 (©) o10 (©) 0.0 (& oi A.red box contains eight items, of which three are defective, andl a blue box contains five items. of which two are defective. An item is drawn at zandom from each hax. What is the probability that one item is defective and one is not? (A) 0.365 (B) 0.475 (©) 0.595 (D) 0618 (&) 0.635 Asien: ©) Ale red marbles slot thre are red al 7 Bue marbles lf 2 ear marbles select axes) Protabitty Arsiee (A) Listof suns of? 4.8), 2.5) B84, 3, 6.2.60 List suns of 1:6, 8, (65) Prbbility fast ef? = Prot fa sue of 1 = 3 Pray of miter es of ra snot aed For 10 ees)" = 0082 sve) tem Ais dfctice aad tom Bis no eon Bis defective aad item Asn A753