Introduction

Basketball is a crew sport, where there are two teams of five players each simultaneously
playing on the same court. The game is also commonly referred to as hoops. The inventor of
this game was meant to keep the sports indoors. But later on, basketball popularized as an
excellent outdoor game and is played today in all major sports events, like the Olympics and the
Paralympics and that is why basketball is a very competitive game.

Objectives

The main objective in basketball is to score more points against the opposing team. In doing
these you need to shoot the basketball through the hoop of your opponent as often as possible.
On the other hand (secondary objective) your team needs to defend your goal/hoop to limit
your opponent to score more points against your team.

History
● Invented by Dr. James Naismith a Canadian physical education instructor at the International
Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) training school in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1891.
● At first the newly invented game basketball as it’s known today serves as a supplementary
activity to condition young athletes during the winter season.
● Naismith was tasked to create an indoor sports game to help athletes keep in shape in cold
weather.
● It consisted of a peach basket and a soccer ball.
● The objective of the game was to throw the ball into the fruit (peach) baskets nailed to the
lower railing of the gym balcony.
● The problem is every time a point was scored, the game was halted so that the janitor could
bring out a ladder and retrieve the ball.
● After a while, the bottoms of the fruit baskets were removed to get and return the ball easily.
● The first public basketball game was played in Springfield, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892.
● World basketball was growing, but it was on June 18, 1932, that a real international
organization was formed, to coordinate tournaments and teams: that day, Argentina,
Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Romania, and Switzerland founded the
International Basketball Federation also known as FIBA (Federation Internationale de Basketball
Amateur)
● 1936 is the first inclusion of Basketball in the Berlin, Olympics
● In the Philippines basketball was first introduced to the public school system by the
Americans as a women’s sport in 1910.
● The Philippine Basketball Association is a men’s professional basketball league in the
Philippines founded in 1975 and the first commercial league in Southeast Asia.

Terminologies
1. Alley-oop - A high arc pass to a teammate in a position near the basket to leap and score.
2. Baselines - Also known as "end lines", the boundary lines extend across both ends of the
court behind the baskets.
3. Cylinder - The closely guarded circular area above the basket.
4. Drive - A brisk advance toward the basket with the aim of shooting.
5. Fast Break - A rush down court to beat the opponent to the basket.
6. Hoop - Another word for basket.
7. Inbounds Pass - A toss of the ball inbounds from out-of-bounds
8. Jab Step - Small sharp step with the non-pivot foot toward the defensive player.
9. Lay-up - Advancing close to the basket in an effort to bank a shot off the backboard.
10. Man-to-man Defense - One-on-one guarding of opponents.
11. Out-of-Bounds - Outside the end lines and sidelines.
12. Pick - An offensive player sets up a screen.
13. Rebound - Gaining possession of the ball after it bounces off the backboard or rim on a
missed shot.
14. Shot - To throw the ball toward the basket.
15. Shot Clock - A device that keeps track of the limited time the team in possession of the ball
has to take a shot at the basket.
16. Starting Lineup - The five players that begin the game.
17. Substitute - A player comes in to replace a teammate on the court.
18. Tip Off - The jump that starts the game.
19. Trap - Two defense players team up on the ball handler.
20. Zone Defense - A defender carefully guards an area.