‫‪5‬‬

‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﺪﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺆول ‪ x‬إﻟﻰ ‪ x 0‬أو‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪ v‬ﺑﻌ ﺪ ﺗﻘ ﺪﯾﻢ دراﺳ ﺔ ﻧﮭﺎﯾ ﺎت داﻟ ﺔ ﻋﻨ ﺪ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ ∞‪ +‬أو إﻟﻰ ∞‪. −‬‬

‫أﻃ ﺮاف ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋ ﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻔﮭ ﺎ ﯾﺒﻘ ﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺆول ‪ x‬إﻟﻰ ‪ x 0‬أو‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫اﻟﮭﺪف اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﻔﺼﻞ إﺗﻤﺎم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ ∞‪ +‬أو إﻟﻰ ∞‪. −‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪد ‪ a‬ﺣﯿﺚ ‪a‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻢ و ﺟﻌﻠﮫ أﻛﺜﺮ اﺳ ﺘﻘﻼﻟﯿﺔ‬

‫ﻓﯿﻤ ﺎ ﯾﺨ ﺺ اﻟﺪراﺳ ﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻣ ﺔ ﻟﺪاﻟ ﺔ‬
‫اﻧﻄﻼﻗ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﮭ ﺎ اﻟﺠﺒﺮﯾ ﺔ ﺛ ﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻠﮭﺎ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﯿﺎ و ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧ ﻼل دراﺳ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮص ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫و ھ ﻲ اﻟ ﺪوال ﻛﺜﯿ ﺮات اﻟﺤ ﺪود و‬
‫‪ot‬‬
‫‪ik‬‬
‫ﺣﺪ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ھﺬه اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﯿﺮ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﮭﯿﺔ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺆول ‪ x‬إﻟﻰ ‪. x 0‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺷﺮط وﺟﻮد ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﯾﻮازي‬
‫أﺣﺪ ﻣﺤﻮري اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺮ أن ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ ھﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬

‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻨﺎﻃﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻄﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرب‪.‬اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪ v‬ﯾ ﺘﻢ ﻛ ﺬﻟﻚ ﻓ ﻲ ھ ﺬا اﻟﻔ ﺼﻞ دراﺳ ﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺎت اﻷوﻟﯿﺔ) اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‪،‬‬

‫‪.m‬‬

‫اﻟﺠﺪاء‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻘﻠﻮب و ﺣﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ( ﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬

‫اﻟ ﺴﻠﻮك اﻟﺘﻘ ﺎرﺑﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨ ﻲ داﻟ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻼل ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ ﻟﮫ )‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت ﺑﺈزاﻟﺔ ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﻌﯿﯿﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫إن وﺟ ﺪت ( و اﻟﻤﻮازﯾ ﺔ ﻟﻤﺤ ﻮر‬

‫‪w‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ أو ﻣﺤ ﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿ ﺐ اﻧﻄﻼﻗ ﺎ‬

‫ﻣ ﻦ ﺣ ﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾ ﺎت و ﻛ ﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﻌﯿ ﯿﻦ‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﺎﺋ ﻞ ) إن وﺟ ﺪ (‬

‫إﻣ ﺎ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﯿ ﺔ اﻟﺒﺤ ﺚ ﻋﻠﯿ ﮫ أو اﺳ ﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﮫ‬
‫اﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة اﻟﺠﺒﺮﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ‪: 3‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ‪: 1‬‬
‫اﻟﮭﺪف ‪:‬ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﮭﯿﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻻﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺪف ‪ :‬ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﮭﯿﺔ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪد‪.‬‬
‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن ) ‪ k ( x‬ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻗﯿﻤﺎ ﻛﺒﯿﺮة ﺟﺪا أﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫اﻗﺘﺮب ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪.1‬‬ ‫) ‪f ′(x‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ x 2 ≥ A (4‬ﯾﻌﻨﻲ ‪ x ≤ − A‬أو ‪ . x ≥ A‬و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﯾﻜﻔﻲ أﺧﺬ ‪. B = A‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ‪: 4‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫اﻟﮭﺪف ‪ :‬ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﮭﯿﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻻﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪ a = 2 (1‬و ‪. b = 1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪2.99‬‬ ‫‪2.999‬‬ ‫‪2.9999‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬ ‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪102‬‬ ‫‪104‬‬ ‫‪106‬‬ ‫‪108‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪3.0001‬‬ ‫‪3.001‬‬ ‫‪3.01‬‬ ‫‪3.1‬‬
‫) ‪h′ (x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫) ‪f (x‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪108‬‬ ‫‪106‬‬ ‫‪104‬‬ ‫‪102‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ اﻗﺘﺮب ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ 3‬إﻻ و أﺧﺬ ) ‪ f ( x‬ﻗﯿﻤﺎ ﻛﺒﯿﺮة ﺟﺪا‪.‬‬
‫) ‪h (x‬‬
‫‪ (4‬إذا أﺧﺬﻧﺎ ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 3 < x ≤ 3 + 10−4‬ﻓﺈن‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ 0 < ( x − 3) ≤ 10 −8‬و ﻣﻨﮫ ‪≥ 108‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(3‬‬
‫)‪( x − 3‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-10‬‬ ‫‪−103‬‬ ‫‪−105‬‬ ‫‪−107‬‬

‫) ‪h (x‬‬ ‫‪1.9‬‬ ‫‪1.999 1.999999‬‬ ‫‪1.9...‬‬ ‫‪ 3 −‬ﻣﻊ ‪ x ≠ 3‬ﻓﺈن‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪≤ x ≤ 3+‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ (5‬إذا ﻛﺎن‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪103‬‬ ‫‪105‬‬ ‫‪107‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫) ‪h (x‬‬ ‫≤ )‪ 0 < ( x − 3‬و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫≤ ‪ 0 < x − 3‬وﻣﻨﮫ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2.1‬‬ ‫‪2.001‬‬ ‫‪2.00001‬‬ ‫‪2.00...‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أﻧﮫ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ أﺧﺬت ‪ x‬ﻗﯿﻤﺎ ﻛﺒﯿﺮة أﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺈن‬ ‫‪f (x ) ≥ A‬‬
‫) ‪ h ( x‬ﺗﻘﺘﺮب ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺪد‪.2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ‪: 2‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺪف ‪ :‬ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﮭﯿﺔ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﯿﻤﯿﻦ)اﻟﯿﺴﺎر(‪.‬‬

‫< ‪ 0‬و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﺑﻔﺮض ‪ x ≥ 106‬ﯾﻜﻮن ‪≤ 10−6‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪. 2 < 2 + ≤ 2 + 10−6‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫) ‪g (x‬‬
‫‪′‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ 2 < h ( x ) ≤ 2 + e (6‬ﯾﻌﻨﻲ ≥ ‪ . x‬ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ≥ ‪. B‬‬
‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬ ‫) ‪g (x‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ‪: 5‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬

‫اﻟﮭﺪف ‪ :‬ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﮭﯿﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪد‪.‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0.9‬‬ ‫‪0.99‬‬ ‫‪0.999 0.9999‬‬
‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫) ‪g (x‬‬ ‫‪-10‬‬ ‫‪-100‬‬ ‫‪-1000‬‬ ‫‪−104‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1.997‬‬ ‫‪1.998‬‬ ‫‪1.999‬‬
‫‪1.0001‬‬ ‫‪1.001‬‬ ‫‪1.01‬‬ ‫‪1.1‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪2.997‬‬ ‫‪2.998‬‬ ‫‪2.999‬‬
‫) ‪g (x‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪104‬‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2.001‬‬ ‫‪2.002‬‬ ‫‪2.003‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪3.001‬‬ ‫‪3.002‬‬ ‫‪3.003‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ اﻗﺘﺮب ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ 1‬ﻓﺈن ) ‪ f ( x‬ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻗﯿﻤﺎ ﻛﺒﯿﺮة أﻛﺜﺮ‬

‫‪ (2‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ‪ :‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ اﻗﺘﺮب ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ 2‬إﻻ و اﻗﺘﺮب ) ‪ f ( x‬ﻣﻦ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪ (4‬ﺑﻔﺮض ‪ 1 < x ≤ 1 + 10‬ﯾﻜﻮن ‪0 < x − 1 ≤ 10‬‬
‫‪−10‬‬ ‫‪−10‬‬

‫‪ (3‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪f ( x ) = x + 1 ، x ≠ 2‬‬

‫و ﻣﻨﮫ ‪. g (x ) ≥ 1010‬‬
‫‪ 0 ≤ f ( x ) − 3 < e (4‬ﯾﻌﻨﻲ ‪ 0 ≤ x − 2 < e‬و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪ (5‬ﯾﻜﻔﻲ ﺗﻌﻮﯾﺾ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮھﺎن اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪ 1010 ،‬ﺑِـ ‪. A‬‬
‫ﯾﻜﻔﻲ أﺧﺬ ‪. α ≤ e‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﯾﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺔ‬
‫اﻟﮭﺪف‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﯾﺔ و ﺧﻮاﺻﮫ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﯿﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻒ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ c = 0‬و ‪ d ≠ 0‬ﻓﺈن ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﯿﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺪف‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻮاص داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﯿﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‪3‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ ad − bc = 0‬ﻓﺈن ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‪lim f ( x ) = lim x 3 (1 − 3 / x 2 + 1/ x 3 ) :‬‬
‫∞→ ‪x‬‬ ‫∞→ ‪x‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪d  d‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪−1‬‬ ‫‪+1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪D f =  −∞, −  U  − , +∞ ‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪c  c‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫) ‪f (x‬‬
‫‪′‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪- 0‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫[∞‪D f = ]−∞,1[ U ]1, +‬‬ ‫) ‪f (x‬‬
‫‪ a = 2‬و ‪b =1‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪−1‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫) ‪f ′(x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪( ∆ ) : y = −3x + 1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪ f‬‬ ‫‪( x ) − ( −3x + 1) = x 3‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪−1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪+1‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪f (x ) − y‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎن اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺎن‪ x = 1 :‬و ‪y = 2‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪ f ′ ( x ) = −1‬ﯾﻌﻨﻲ ‪ x = 0‬أو ‪. x = 2‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2 x‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‪ x = X :‬و ‪y = Y + 1‬‬
‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‪ x = X + 1 :‬و ‪y = Y + 2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )‪ Ω ( 0,1‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ) ‪. (C f‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪r ur‬‬ ‫ﻧﺒﯿﻦ أن ‪f ( 0.3) × f ( 0.4 ) < 0‬‬

‫= ‪Y‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪X‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) ‪ (C f‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪ Ω; i , j‬ھﻲ‬
‫‪ 0.3‬و ‪ 0.4‬ھﻤﺎ ﻗﯿﻤﺘﺎن ﻣﻘﺮﺑﺘﺎن ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. α‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ‪ f (1.5 ) × f (1.6 ) < 0 :‬و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪ 1.5 . 1.5 < β < 1.6‬ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻣﻘﺮﺑﺔ إﻟﻰ‪ 0.1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺼﺎن ﻟـِ ‪. β‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻲ اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ھﻤﺎ ‪ -2‬و ‪.1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻖ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺘﺎ‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3x‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬
‫)‪( −0.5; 0.5‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ ھﻲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫) ‪( −1, −2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ ھﻲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 + ∞ (6 - ∞ (5
3
(4 ‫ﺗــﻤـــﺎرﯾــــﻦ‬
3 .‫ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‬1
. 3 (2 . 0 (1 17
.+ ∞ (4 . 3 (3 .‫ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‬2

1 18 .‫ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‬
− (1 3
3
.‫ ﺧﻄﺄ‬4
lim 1 f ( x ) = +∞ ، lim 1 f ( x ) = −∞ (2
x → x →
> 2 < 2
.‫ ﺧﻄﺄ‬5

om
lim f ( x ) = +∞ ، lim f ( x ) = −∞ (3
x → 0 x → 0
< >
(3 6
.+ ∞ (4
lim f ( x ) = +∞ ، lim f ( x ) = −∞ (5 (2 7
x → −2 x → −2
< >

lim f ( x ) = +∞ ، lim f ( x ) = −∞ (6

.c
x → 1 x → 1 (3 8
> <

(3 9
lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (1 19

ik
x → −∞ x → +∞

lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = −∞ (2 Df = ℜ 10
x → −∞ x → +∞ aw lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = 1
lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (3 x → −∞ x → +∞
x → −∞ x → +∞
∗
lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (4 Df = ℜ 11
x → −∞ x → +∞
lim f ( x ) = 2 , lim f ( x ) = 2
lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = −∞ (5 x → −∞ x → +∞
x → −∞ x → +∞
lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞
af
lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (6 x → 0
<
x → 0
>
x → −∞ x → +∞
.
lim f ( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = 0 (1 20 Df = [− 2 ,1[ ∪ ]1, + ∞[ 12
ot

x → −∞ x → +∞
f ( −2 ) = − 1 , lim f ( x ) = 2
lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (2 x → +∞
x → −∞ x → +∞
lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = −∞
lim f ( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = 0 (3 x → 1 x → 1
.m

x → −∞ x → +∞ < >

lim f ( x ) = −2 , lim f ( x ) = −2 (4 :‫ ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ‬13

x → −∞ x → +∞ lim k ( x ) = +∞ ‫ و‬lim g( x ) = −∞
x → −1 x → +∞
<
lim g ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ 21 .h ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻷول ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
w

x → +∞ x → +∞
(1 .k ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
lim ( f ( x ) + g( x )) = +∞ .g ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
x → +∞

lim g ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ .f ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬

w

x → +∞ x → +∞
(2
lim ( f ( x ) + g( x )) = 3 1 14
x → +∞
1 (2 − (1
w

lim g ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ 5
x → +∞ x → +∞
(3 .- ∞ (4 + ∞ (3
lim ( f ( x ) + g( x )) = −∞
x → +∞

lim g ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ .9 (2 9 (1 15
x → +∞ x → +∞
(4 .+ ∞ (4 + ∞ (3
lim ( f ( x ) + g( x )) = −∞
x → +∞
.1 (3 0 (2 0 (1 16

4
www.motafawik.com | ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي‬
 ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫∞‪lim g( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = +‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬
‫∞‪. x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (1 25‬‬ ‫∞‪lim ( f ( x ) × g ( x )) = +‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪lim g( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ (2‬‬ ‫‪lim ( f ( x ) × g ( x )) = 0‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫∞‪lim g( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = +‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻻ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 1 (4‬‬ ‫‪lim ( f ( x ) × g ( x )) = 2‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻻ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ (6‬‬ ‫∞‪lim g( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = +‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪f( x‬‬ ‫‪(1‬‬
‫( ‪lim‬‬ ‫∞ ‪) =+‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0 (7‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫) ‪x → +∞ g ( x‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪lim g ( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ (8‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬
‫( ‪lim‬‬ ‫‪) =0‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪x → +∞ g ( x‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (9‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪lim g ( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ (10‬‬ ‫( ‪lim‬‬ ‫∞ ‪) =+‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫) ‪x → +∞ g ( x‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = 1 (1 24‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = −∞ (1 26‬‬
‫‪x → 0‬‬
‫>‬
‫‪x → 0‬‬
‫<‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (2‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪x →0‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ (3‬‬

‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪x → 0‬‬

‫>‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −3 (4‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ (4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪x →0‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0 (5‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪x → 0‬‬ ‫‪x → 0‬‬
‫>‬ ‫<‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = −3 (6‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0 (6‬‬
‫‪x →0‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0 (7‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (7‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪x → 0‬‬
‫>‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −2 (8‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (8‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ (9‬‬
‫‪x → 0‬‬ ‫‪x → 0‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫>‬ ‫<‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟـﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −4 (10‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = 1 , lim f ( x ) = 1 (1 27‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪lim f ( x ) = 2 , lim f ( x ) = 2 (2‬‬
‫‪5‬‬

‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = −2 , lim f ( x ) = −2 (3‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = 0 (4‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0 , lim f ( x ) = 0 (5‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5 x‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪(3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪ f‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫)‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪(1 28‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪6‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4 x‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫('‪f‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫)‪x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3x‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫)‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4x‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪(1 29‬‬
‫)‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ‬
‫‪ X=0‬و ‪.y=0‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪367‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪265‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪163‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪265‬‬
‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫أوﻻ ﻧﻐﯿﺮ رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻟﯿﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ ω‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﺘﺒﻊ‬
‫)‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‪:‬ﺑﺤﯿﺚ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ )‪(Cf‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪ X=0‬و ‪.y=1‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ )‪ (ω ;I ;J‬و ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪(5‬‬ ‫‪ F(X)=X3-X‬ﺣﯿﺚ‪ X=x+0 :‬و ‪Y=y+1‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫و ﻓﻲ اﻷﺧﯿﺮ ﻧﺜﺒﺖ أن ‪ F‬داﻟﺔ ﻓﺮدﯾﺔ‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫)‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫)‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪ X=5‬و ‪.y=2‬‬ ‫‪aw‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪(6‬‬ ‫إﺛﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﯾﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪(3‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫)‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪ X=2‬و ‪.y=0‬‬ ‫إﺛﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﯾﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪(1 31‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪(1 30‬‬

‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪∞-‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎأن‪:‬‬
‫‪ lim ( f ( x ) − y ) = 0‬و ‪lim ( f ( x ) − y ) = 0‬‬ ‫)‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﯿﮭﻤﺎ‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → −‬‬
‫ﻓﺈن‪ (∆) :‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.f‬‬ ‫‪ X=-1‬و ‪.y=2‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪(2‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪− 2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪647‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+∞ +‬‬
‫‪169‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪373‬‬
‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪204‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪(1 35‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻹﺛﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪408‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬
‫‪169‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪408‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪169‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪169‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪204‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻵﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪816‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬ ‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪169‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻹﺛﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪x -∞ − 33‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪(4‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪239‬‬ ‫‪577‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪408‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪169‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪239‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪28‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪204‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪1154‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻵﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪169‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪(3‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻹﺛﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻷول ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.f‬‬
‫‪32‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.g‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.h‬‬
‫‪-9‬‬ ‫‪-9‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.k‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻵﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.l‬‬
‫‪(4‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺴﺎدس ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪.m‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪(3‬‬ ‫‪0 (2‬‬ ‫‪1 (1‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.12 (6‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬ ‫‪4 (5‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪∞-‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻵﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = −∞ (7‬‬
‫‪x → 3‬‬ ‫‪x → 3‬‬
‫>‬ ‫<‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪(1 36‬‬ ‫‪(9‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫‪3 (8‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (10‬‬
‫‪x → 0‬‬ ‫‪x → 0‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫>‬ ‫<‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = −∞ (11‬‬

‫‪x → 1‬‬ ‫‪x → 1‬‬
‫>‬ ‫<‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪+ ∞ (3‬‬ ‫‪- ∞ (2‬‬ ‫‪0 (1 34‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0 (6‬‬ ‫‪− (5‬‬ ‫‪0 (4‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪.+ ∞ (8‬‬ ‫‪(7‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪1y‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-6‬‬

‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬

‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪6‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5 x‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬

‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-6‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪-7‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-8‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-9‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫اﻷﺟﺰاء ‪ (7 (6 (5 (4 (3‬ﯾﺘﻢ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬

‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪ (1 38‬ﻟﯿﻜﻦ ‪ x‬ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ﻣﻦ ‪:D‬‬

‫= ) ‪f( x‬‬
‫(‬
‫‪x +3 − x x +3 + x‬‬ ‫()‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪x +3+ x‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪w‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪x+3+ x‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪:D‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫)‪x .......... (1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪>0‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪x+3+‬‬
‫‪x+3+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪(1 37‬‬
‫‪x+3+‬‬ ‫> ‪x‬‬ ‫‪x+3 >0‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫أي‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫<‬ ‫) ‪.......... ......( 2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪x+3+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ )‪ (1‬و )‪ (2‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫≤ ) ‪0 ≤ f( x‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ‪:D‬‬
‫‪x‬‬

‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪ (1 41‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪: D‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪− 1 ≤ sin x ≤ +1‬‬ ‫‪ lim‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪= 0 :‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪x 2 − 1 ≤ x 2 + sin x ≤ x 2 + 1‬‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ x‬ﻧﺠﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬

‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪x −1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x2 +1‬‬
‫≤ )‪≤ f(x‬‬ ‫‪x 104 106 1010‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪f(x) 1,01‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪:‬‬ ‫‪x 10‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫‪x2 +1‬‬ ‫‪x 2 −1‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪ lim‬و ∞‪= +‬‬ ‫∞‪= +‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻓﺈن‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ :‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‪:‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪ x 2 + x + 1 ≤ x 2 + 2x + 1‬و ‪x 2 ≤ x 2 + x + 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫≤ ) ‪0 ≤ f( x‬‬ ‫‪(1 42‬‬ ‫أي‬
‫‪x‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x ≤ x + x + 1 ≤ ( x + 1) 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪ lim f ( x ) = 0‬ﻷن‪= 0 :‬‬ ‫و ﻣﻨﮫ‪:‬‬

‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫≤ ‪x‬‬ ‫‪+ x + 1 ≤ x + 1‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻻ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ‪ x‬ﯾﺆول إﻟﻰ ∞‪.+‬‬
‫‪−x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪≤ f( x ) ≤ 2‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪x +3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x +3‬‬ ‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ lim f ( x ) = 0‬ﻷن‪:‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫≤ ‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪+ x + 1 ≤ x + 1‬‬
‫‪−x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪= 0 , lim 2‬‬ ‫‪=0‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬‫‪x +3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫→‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪x +3‬‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ﻣﻘﻠﻮب اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ﻧﺠﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﯾﺘﻢ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ (3‬و ‪.(4‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫≤‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫≤‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪x + 1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪+ x + 1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪ (1 43‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪ lim f ( x ) = 3 :‬و ‪lim f ( x ) = 3‬‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺮب اﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﺔ ﺑـ ‪ x + x‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﺒﺴﯿﻂ ﻧﺠﺪ‪:‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1 −‬‬ ‫‪≤ f( x ) ≤ 1 +‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫ﻓﺈن )‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻌﺪﻟﺘﮫ ‪.y=3‬‬ ‫‪x + 1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﺣﺴﺐ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻔﺮق ‪:f(x) – y‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎ [∞ ‪ x∈]1 , +‬ﻓﺈن )‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﻊ أﻋﻠﻰ )‪.(D‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎ [‪ x∈]-∞ , 1‬ﻓﺈن )‪ (Cf‬ﯾﻘﻊ أﺳﻔﻞ )‪.(D‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪lim 1 +‬‬ ‫‪ lim 1 −‬و ‪= 1‬‬ ‫‪=1‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫‪1+ x‬‬
‫‪.a=-2 , b=3 (1 44‬‬
‫إﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺴﺆاﻟﯿﻦ ‪ (2‬و ‪ (3‬ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﯾﻦ ‪. 43‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‪lim f ( x ) = 1 :‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪ (1 45‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪:‬‬ ‫‪ 40‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪:D‬‬

‫‪ lim f ( x ) − y = 0‬و ‪lim f ( x ) − y = 0‬‬ ‫‪− 1 ≤ sin x ≤ +1‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫ﻓﺈن‪ (C) :‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ )∆( ﻛﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب‪.‬‬ ‫‪2 ≤ 3 + sin x ≤ 4‬‬

‫‪ (2‬دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻔﺮق‪.f(x) – y :‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ x‬ﻧﺠﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫≤ ) ‪≤ f( x‬‬
‫‪a=2 , b=6 , c=17 (1 46‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪(2‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪ ( (1 47‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ h‬ھﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﺸﺮوط اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ lim = 0‬و ‪lim = 0‬‬
‫‪x → +∞ x‬‬ ‫‪x → +∞ x‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻻ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ‪ a‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪x=1‬‬
‫ﻓﺈن‪lim f ( x ) = 0 :‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫( اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ k‬ھﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﯿﻠﮭﺎ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﻲ)‪. (C‬‬
‫‪ (6‬اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﺗﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ S‬ھﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫} { = ) ‪(Cf ) ∩ ( d‬‬
‫)‪ (4 ، 0‬و )‪(-2 ، -6‬‬
‫‪(Cf ) ∩ ( xx / ) =  − 1 ,0  (2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪(1 51‬‬ ‫‪ 2  ‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫})‪(Cf ) ∩ ( yy / ) = {(0,1‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪49‬‬
‫‪ (1‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ ‪y=x-2‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ ‪x=-2‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪.(Cf)∩(Cg)={(-3,-9)} (2‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬ ‫‪(1 50‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪g'(x‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪188‬‬
‫‪297‬‬
‫‪495‬‬
‫‪188‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫)‪g(x‬‬ ‫‪491‬‬
‫‪86‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪1007‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪86‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﺳﺒﻖ اﻟﺘﻄﺮق إﻟﻰ ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ إﺛﺒﺎت ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1 x‬‬ ‫‪-3 -2 -1 0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5 x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-6‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪-7‬‬
‫‪-8‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-9‬‬
‫‪-10‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪-11‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪(4‬‬
‫‪.y=5x :(d) (3‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻌﯿﺔ‬ ‫)‪(Cg‬‬ ‫()‪Cg‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫ﻓﻮق اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪(5‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪(Cf)∩(Cg)={(-1,-4) ,(1,4)} (4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ (1 52‬ﺳﺒﻖ ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ إﺛﺒﺎت وﺟﻮد ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫‪-4 -3 -2 -1 0‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3 4 x‬‬
‫و دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﯿﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬

‫‪11‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪(6‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪3  1 3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪f ( x ) =  x −  +  +  (1‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪2  x 2‬‬ ‫‪-4 -3 -2 -1 0‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3 4 x‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪−‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+∞ +‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻟﻤﺎ [‪ m∈]-1,1‬ﻻ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل‪.‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ ‪ m=-1‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ‪.x=1‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎ ‪ m=1‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ‪.x=-1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎ [∞‪ m∈]-∞,-1[∪]1,+‬ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﯿﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪ − m +1 ‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪, m  (4‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪ 2‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪ (5‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس ﯾﻮازي ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‪:‬‬
‫‪ f /(x0)=0‬و ﻣﻨﮫ‪:‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫)‪.A(-1 , 3) , B(1 , -1‬‬

‫‪ B، A‬و ‪ I‬ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‪:‬‬
‫→‬ ‫→‬
‫‪ AB , AI‬ﻣﺘﻮازﯾﺎن‪ .‬و ھﺬا ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫‪(4‬‬ ‫‪ (1 53‬ﻟﯿﻜﻦ ‪ x∈D‬و ‪:-x∈D‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ )‪ f ( − x) = f ( x‬إذن ‪ f‬زوﺟﯿﺔ‪.‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪g'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫)‪g(x‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪134‬‬ ‫‪134‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪ (5‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ‪ AM‬ﻣﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬و ﺗﻜﻮن ﻟﮭﺎ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪9‬‬

‫‪ (6‬ﯾﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ اﻟﻤﻤﺎس ﻟـ )‪ (H‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ M1‬و اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪ (AM1‬إدا ﻛﺎن ﺟﺪاء ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﯿﮭﮭﻤﺎ ﯾﺴﺎوي‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب ھﻲ‪.x=0 :‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ -1‬و ھﺪا ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻷن‪− × 4 = −1 :‬‬ ‫‪MN = 2 (4‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺸﺊ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪. lim MN = 0 , lim MN = 0‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫‪ (C) (5‬ﯾﻘﻊ أﻋﻠﻰ )‪. (P‬‬

‫‪12‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫ب‪ /‬دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﯿﺔ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪55‬‬

‫) ‪u( x‬‬ ‫‪63‬‬ ‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫= ‪f ( x ) −1‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪u( x ) 1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫و ﻛﺪﻟﻚ‪0 ≤ 2 ≤ :‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫و ﻣﻨﮫ‪f ( x ) − 1 ≤ :‬‬ ‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫‪∞-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺑﻤﺎأن‪ lim = 0 :‬ﻓﺈن‪lim f ( x ) = 1 :‬‬ ‫‪Df=ℜ (1 56‬‬
‫‪ (2‬اﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ‪ -1≤ cos x ≤ +1‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺼﺮ‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫‪x → +∞ x‬‬

‫)‪ f(x‬ﺛﻢ اﻹﺣﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﺆال ‪.(3‬‬

‫‪64‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +∞ (1‬‬ ‫‪.y=3 , y=-2 , x=1 (1 57‬‬
‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﯾﺘﻢ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻧﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪:x‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪f / (x) = x2 − x − 2‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎ [∞‪ x∈]-∞,-1[∪]2,+‬ﻓﺈن‪f /(x)>0:‬‬ ‫‪= ℜ -{1} (1 58‬‬
‫‪.Df‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺎ [‪ x∈]-1,2‬ﻓﺈن‪f /(x)<0 :‬‬ ‫∞‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ , lim f ( x ) = −‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪(3‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬ ‫∞‪x → −‬‬
‫‪ ( 2‬أ‪/‬‬
‫∞‪lim f ( x ) = −‬‬
‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪x →1‬‬

‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ب‪ x=1 /‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي‪.‬‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ‪x≠1 :‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪a=-1 , b=0 , c=-2‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ ھﻲ‪y=x-1:‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪(C)∩(d)={(0 , 1),(2 , 3)} (5‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﻄﺮق ﻹﺛﺒﺎت ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ϕ(h)=h2 + 3h + 1‬‬ ‫‪(1 59‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ f(x)=0‬ﺛﻼث ﺣﻠﻮل ھﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = lim h( x ) = 1‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬
‫‪1+ 3 3‬‬ ‫‪1+ 3 3‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x →1‬‬ ‫‪h→ 0‬‬

‫=‪x= ,x‬‬ ‫=‪,x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬
‫‪(6‬‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻘﺎم ھﻮ‪x+2 :‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫∞‪lim f ( x ) = −∞ , lim f ( x ) = +‬‬
‫→‪x ‬‬
‫<‬
‫‪−2‬‬ ‫→‪x ‬‬
‫>‬
‫‪−2‬‬

‫‪-2 -1 0‬‬ ‫‪1 2 3 x‬‬ ‫‪a=2 , b=-1 , c=3 (2‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪y=2x – 1 (3‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪ (4‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ دﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﯾﺘﻢ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﯿﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (7‬ﺳﺒﻖ اﻟﺘﻌﺮض ﻟﻤﺜﻞ ھﺪا اﻟﺴﺆال‪.‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪a=1 , b=0 , c=2 , d=-1 (1 61‬‬

‫‪x=1 , x=-1 , y=x (2‬‬
‫‪ (1 65‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪: x‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﯿﺔ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﻄﺮق ﻟﮭﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪ -x∈ℜ‬و )‪ f(-x)=-f(x‬إدن ‪ f‬ﻓﺮدﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪f ( x + 2π ) = x + 2π − sin x‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 2 , lim f ( x ) = 2 (1‬‬ ‫‪62‬‬
‫‪f ( x + 4π ) = x + 4π − sin x‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬ ‫∞‪x → −‬‬ ‫∞‪x → +‬‬

‫)‪ (C‬ﯾﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ‪y=2:‬‬

‫‪f ( x + k 2π ) = x + k 2π − sin x‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬أ‪a=2 , b=-3 , c=-1 /‬‬

‫‪13‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2π‬‬
‫}‪Df=ℜ-{1,-1‬‬ ‫‪(1 67‬‬ ‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫‪x − 3x − 18 x‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2π‬‬
‫= )‪f /(x‬‬ ‫‪(5‬‬
‫‪( x 2 − 1 )2‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫)‪P(x)=x(x-3)(x2+3x+6‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫∞‪x -‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪ 0 ≤ f / ( x ) ≤ 2‬و ﻣﻨﮫ ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﺰاﯾﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.ℜ‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪-9‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫‪− 1 ≤ − sin x ≤ 1‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪x − 1 ≤ x − sin x ≤ 1 + x (4‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪-‬‬ ‫‪x −1 ≤ f ( x ) ≤ 1+ x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ x −1 ≥ A‬و ‪f ( x ) ≥ x − 1‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪Df= ℜ (1 (Ι 68‬‬
‫إدن‪f ( x ) ≥ A :‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫= ) ‪f( x‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ [∞‪ x∈[0,+‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ‪ x‬ﯾﺆول إﻟﻰ ∞‪+‬‬
‫‪x +1‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‪lim f ( x ) = +∞ :‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫= ) ‪f( x‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ ]‪ x∈]-∞,0‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬
‫‪1− x‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪ f (2‬داﻟﺔ ﻓﺮدﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = 1 (3‬‬
‫∞‪x → +‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻟﻤﺎ [∞‪ x∈[0,+‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= )‪f /(x‬‬ ‫‪-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪1 2 3 4 5‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪( x + 1 )2‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫) ‪f( x‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪=1‬‬ ‫‪-4‬‬
‫→‪x ‬‬
‫<‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫→‪x ‬‬
‫>‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫و ﻣﻨﮫ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ ‪.0‬‬ ‫‪-6‬‬

‫‪-7‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪ -‬‬ ‫∞‪ +‬‬
‫‪ 66‬ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻘﺎم ھﻮ‪x-c :‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫)‪f'(x‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب ھﻲ‪.x=c:‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫و ﻋﻠﯿﮫ ‪.c=1‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ‪ f ( 3 ) = :‬و ﻣﻨﮫ‪.6a+b=5:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎ‪ f /(3)=0 :‬و ﻣﻨﮫ‪.4a-b=0 :‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪f( x ) = x +‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬
‫‪(5‬‬ ‫‪x −1‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪ (Cf) (5‬ﯾﻘﻊ أﻋﻠﻰ )‪(D‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪14‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﳌ ُـ َﺘ َﻔﻮ ِْق اﻟﺪراﳼ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮي | ‪www.motafawik.com‬‬
 ‫‪y‬‬
‫= ‪.x‬‬ ‫‪ (6‬ﻟﻤﺎ ‪: y≥0‬‬
‫‪1− y‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫= ‪.x‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ ‪: y≤0‬‬
‫‪1+ y‬‬
‫‪ (7‬اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﻮﺣﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℜ‬ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺪﻟﺔ ‪ f(x)=y‬ھﻮ‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫= ‪.x‬‬
‫‪1− y‬‬
‫‪Dg=ℜ-{-1,1} (1 (ΙΙ‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫= ) ‪g( x‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻟﻤﺎ ]‪ x∈]-∞ ,-1[∪]-1 ,0‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬

‫‪om‬‬
‫‪1+ x‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫= ) ‪g( x‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ [∞‪ x∈[0 ,1[∪]1 ,+‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬
‫‪1− x‬‬
‫‪lim g ( x ) = +∞ (3‬‬
‫→‪x ‬‬
‫<‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= )‪g/(x‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬
‫‪(1 − x )2‬‬
‫) ‪g( x‬‬ ‫) ‪g( x‬‬

‫‪ik‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪=1‬‬
‫→‪x ‬‬
‫<‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫→‪x ‬‬
‫>‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪aw‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪f'(x‬‬
‫∞‪+‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬
‫∞‪-‬‬
‫‪af‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪(5‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.m‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1 x‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻲ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل [‪:]-1 ، 1‬‬

‫‪(f o g )( x ) = x‬‬
‫‪w‬‬

‫‪ (6‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أن اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬

‫إﻟﻰ )‪. (D‬‬

‫‪15‬‬
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