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Zapis vektora: zapis vektora je u matričnom obliku (jednostupčasta matrica) gdje je od gore prema dolje prvo x pa y
komponenta vektora.
Svi numerički podaci su u osnovnim jedinicama SI sustava. Jedninice nisu ispisane u rješenjima.
(F10) + (F11)
2 2 −6
F1m := = 8.076 × 10
Dakle, npr. znači, F1m = 8,076*10-6 N = 8,076 µN
Zadatak 1: Odredite vektor sile na naboj Q1 za točkaste naboje prikazane na slici 1. Zadano je:
Q1=2 nC, Q2= -6,8 nC, Q3= -1,5 nC, a=10 cm, b=40 mm, c=8 cm. Relativna permeabilnost okolnog
prostora je 2.
Q1 c
b
Q2
S lika 1 Q3
Ulazni podaci:
− 12 −9 −9
a := 0.1 b := 0.04 ε0 := 8.854⋅ 10 εr := 2 Q1 := 2 ⋅ 10 Q2 := −6.8⋅ 10
−9
Q3 := −1.5⋅ 10 c := 0.08
RJEŠENJE:
Vektori udaljenosti su:
r21 :=
−c = −0.08 r31 :=
−c = −0.08
b 0.04 a + b 0.14
r210 :=
r21
=
−0.894 r310 :=
r31
=
−0.496
r21m 0.447 r31m 0.868
Sila od naboja Q2 na naboj Q1 je:
Q1 ⋅ Q2
6.833 × 10− 6
F21 := ⋅ r210 =
2 − 6
4 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr⋅ r21m −3.417 × 10
Q1 ⋅ Q3
2.573 × 10− 7
F31 := ⋅ r310 =
2 − 7
4 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr⋅ r31m −4.502 × 10
Kako je potencijal točke B jednak 0 to je referentna točka. Prema tome potencijal točke A je:
⋅ ln
R1
⋅ ln
λ1 λ2 R2
ϕA = +
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1a 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2a
λ1 ⋅ ln
R1
− 2⋅ π⋅ ϕA⋅ ε0⋅ εr
λ1
⋅ ln
R1
+
λ2
⋅ ln
R2
solve , λ2 → −
r1a
ϕA =
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1a 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2a ln
R2
r2a
Ulazni numerički podaci:
r2a
Ulazni numerič ki podaci:
π
a := 0.1 b := 0.15 c := 0.1 d := 0.12 α := 62⋅ = 1.082
180
−9 − 12
λ1 := 6.5⋅ 10 ε0 := 8.854⋅ 10 εr := 1
2 2 2 2
R1 := b1 + v = 0.141 R2 := d = 0.12 ϕA := 100 r2a := a + b = 0.18
λ1 ⋅ ln
R1
− 2⋅ π⋅ ϕA⋅ ε0⋅ εr
λ2 := −
r1a = −8.134 × 10
−9
ln
R2
r2a
Udaljenosti naboja od toč ke C su:
2 2
r1c := b + c = 0.18 r2c := c = 0.1
⋅ ln
R1
⋅ ln
λ1 λ2 R2
ϕC := + = −55.024
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1c 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0⋅ εr r2c
Zadatak 3:Odredite struju naponskog izvora u krugu na slici 3. Zadano je: R1=10 Ω, R2=12 Ω, R3=
15 Ω, R4= 13 Ω, R5= 15 Ω, R6= 10 Ω, R7= 20 Ω, R8= 10 Ω i E = 150 V.
R1
R2
E
R4
R3
R5
R6
R7
R8
R1 := 10 R2 := 12 R3 := 15 R4 := 13 R5 := 15 R6 := 10 R7 := 20 R8 := 10
E := 150
Mrežu ćemo svesti na ekvivalentni ukupni otpor mreže. Uo čimo R3 i R5 u paralelnom spoju, R6,R7
i R8 u paralelenom spoju.
R3⋅ R5 R6⋅ R8 R7⋅ R68
R35 := = 7.5 R68 := =5 R678 := =4
R3 + R5 R6 + R8 R7 + R68
Q3
b Q1
c
Q2 Slika 1
Ulazni podaci:
− 12 −9 −9
a := 0.04 b := 0.08 ε0 := 8.854⋅ 10 εr := 1 Q1 := −2 ⋅ 10 Q2 := −2 ⋅ 10
−9
Q3 := 6.5⋅ 10 c := 0.1
r21 :=
c = 0.1 r31 :=
c = 0.1
a 0.04 −b −0.08
r210 :=
r21
=
0.928 r310 :=
r31 0.781
=
r21m 0.371 r31m −0.625
Q1 ⋅ Q2
2.878 × 10− 6
F21 := ⋅ r210 =
2 − 6
4 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr⋅ r21m 1.151 × 10
Q1 ⋅ Q3
−5.563 × 10− 6
F31 := ⋅ r310 =
2 −6
4 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr⋅ r31m 4.451 × 10
−2.686 × 10− 6
F1 := F21 + F31 =
(F10) + (F11)
2 2 −6
F1m := = 6.212 × 10
−6
5.602 × 10
Zadatak 2: Odredite potencijal u točki C (slika 2) ako je potencijal u toč ki B 100 V, a potencijal u
točki A jednak 0 V. Zadano je: a=10 cm, b=150 mm, c=10 cm, d=120 mm, α =62 , λ 1=-6,5*10 -9
C/m. Relativna premeabilnost okolnog prostora je 1.
Kako je potencijal točke A jednak 0 to je referentna točka. Prema tome potencijal točke B je:
⋅ ln
R1
⋅ ln
λ1 λ2 R2
ϕB = +
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1b 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2b
λ1 ⋅ ln
R1
− 2⋅ π⋅ ϕB⋅ ε0⋅ εr
λ1
⋅ ln
R1 λ2
⋅ ln
R2 r1b
ϕB = + solve , λ2 → −
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1b 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2b
ln
R2
r2b
Ulazni numerički podaci:
π
a := 0.1 b := 0.15 c := 0.1 d := 0.12 εr := 1 α := 62⋅ = 1.082
180
−9 − 12
λ1 := −6.5⋅ 10 ε0 := 8.854⋅ 10 ϕB := 100
2 2
r1b := b1 + v = 0.141 r2b := d = 0.12
2 2
R1 := a = 0.1 R2 := a + b = 0.18
λ1 ⋅ ln
R1
− 2⋅ π⋅ ϕB⋅ ε0⋅ εr
λ2 := −
r1b = 8.134 × 10
−9
ln
R2
r2b
⋅ ln
R1
⋅ ln
λ1 λ2 R2
ϕC := + = 155.024
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1c 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2c
Ω , R2=15 Ω , R3= 15
Zadatak 3: Odredite struju naponskog izvora u krugu na slici 3. Zadano je: R1=10
Ω , R4= 13 Ω , R5= 15 Ω , R6= 25 Ω , R7= 25 Ω , R8= 13 Ω i E = 120 V.
R5
E
R6
R2 R1
R7
R8 R3
R4
R1 := 10 R2 := 15 R3 := 15 R4 := 13 R5 := 15 R6 := 25 R7 := 25 R8 := 13
E := 120
Nać i ćemo ukupni otpor strujnog kruga gledano sa stezaljki izvora.
Uoč imo: R6 i R7 su u paralelnom spoju, R1 i R2 su u paralelnom spoju, R3, R4 i R8 su u
paralelnom spoju.
R12348⋅ R67
R1234678 := = 5.717
R12348 + R67
Q2 Q3 a
c
Slika 1
Q1
− 12 −9 −9
a := 0.1 b := 0.04 ε0 := 8.854⋅ 10 εr := 1.3 Q1 := 1.7⋅ 10 Q2 := 4 ⋅ 10
−9
Q3 := −2.5⋅ 10 c := 0.09
c + a = 0.19 a = 0.1
r21 := r31 :=
−b −0.04 −b −0.04
Q1 ⋅ Q2
1.22 × 10− 6
F21 := ⋅ r210 =
2 − 7
4 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr⋅ r21m −2.569 × 10
Q1 ⋅ Q3
−2.352 × 10− 6
F31 := ⋅ r310 =
2 −7
4 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr⋅ r31m 9.407 × 10
Kako je potencijal točke B jednak 0 to je referentna točka. Prema tome potencijal točke C je:
⋅ ln
R1
⋅ ln
λ1 λ2 R2
ϕC = +
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1c 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2c
λ2 ⋅ ln
R2
− 2⋅ π⋅ ϕC⋅ ε0⋅ εr
λ1
⋅ ln
R1 λ2
⋅ ln
R2 r2c
ϕC = + solve , λ1 → −
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1c 2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r2c
ln
R1
r1c
Ulazni numerički podaci:
π
a := 0.1 b := 0.15 c := 0.1 d := 0.12 εr := 1 α := 62⋅ = 1.082
180
−9 − 12
λ2 := 6.5⋅ 10 ε0 := 8.854⋅ 10 ϕC := 100
λ2 ⋅ ln
R2
− 2⋅ π⋅ ϕC⋅ ε0⋅ εr
λ1 := −
r2c = −1.803 × 10
−8
ln
R1
r1c
⋅ ln
R1
⋅ ln
λ1 λ2 R2
ϕA := + = −159.89
2 ⋅ π⋅ ε0 ⋅ εr r1a 2⋅ π⋅ ε0⋅ εr r2a
Ω , R2=12 Ω , R3= 15
Zadatak 3: Odredite struju naponskog izvora u krugu na slici 3. Zadano je: R1=30
Ω , R4= 13 Ω , R5= 10 Ω , R6= 12 Ω , R7= 10 Ω , R8= 10 Ω i E = 160 V.
R8
R6 R7
E
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
R1 := 30 R2 := 12 R3 := 15 R4 := 13 R5 := 10 R6 := 12 R7 := 10 R8 := 10
E := 160
Nađimo prvo ukupni otpor strujnog kruga gledano sa stezaljki izvora.
Uočimo: R2, R6 i R8 su u paralelnom spoju, R3, R1 i R5 su u paralelnom spoju.
R2⋅ R6 R26 ⋅ R8
R26 := =6 R268 := = 3.75
R2 + R6 R26 + R8
R3⋅ R5 R35 ⋅ R1
R35 := =6 R135 := =5
R3 + R5 R35 + R1
Ruk := R1235678 + R4 = 16