Name: Mary Kris H.

Conje

1. Is it possible for a person to be moral but not ethical or ethical but not moral?

No. I believe ethics and morals cannot be separated because the end point of these two is
for the development of the person or the group its either for her own benefits or for the sake of
the community. People knows that ethics is the study of what it means to do the right thing while
morals is to determine what is right or wrong given its difference to the supremacy of the pre-
ordained standards. So, it is not possible for a person to be moral but not ethical or ethical but not
moral because in the world we live in there is a standard that must be followed, we don't have
any choice but to obey the standard rules in our community, because those who will against for
the ethics or moral could be considered as unethical, unethical means it is the immorality of the
people. Like for example, abortion, I have a friend who got pregnant by her boyfriend at a young
age, she was still studying as a highschooler, for the reason that she wanted to finish school and
was afraid to tell her situation to her parents. She told me of her plan to have an abortion and that
her boyfriend would not be responsible for it either. So, as a close friend whom she trusts in her
situation I will not tolerate her wrongdoing and I let her parents know about her situation even if
she will get mad at me. Therefore, a person without morals and ethics may be led into sin or
immorality because, in the case of the example, she is aware of the results or consequences of
her actions but still chooses to carry them out because perhaps no one has ever reminded her that
what she is doing is improper and unacceptable.

2.  What is the complementary rational between meta-ethics and normative ethics? 

The study of moral language and moral reasoning is known as metaethics. Instead than
talking about what behaviors are acceptable and unacceptable. The metaethics wonders whether
moral truths can be known or if morality merely refers to feelings and attitudes. They also
inquire as to how moral discourse differs from other types of speech and writing like for
example, someone asked a nurse "what is the meaning of being a good nurse?" so the person will
say the qualities of being a good nurse. While the area of moral philosophy known as normative
ethics is concerned with standards for what is morally right and wrong. It entails the creation of
moral guidelines that directly affect the proper conduct of individuals, groups, and social
structures. So, the complementary rational between the two branch of ethics is normative ethics
seeks to identify which personality qualities are good and bad, as well as which behaviors are
right and wrong, metaethics focuses on defining the meaning and objectivity of moral ideas of
good and bad, or right and wrong, so for example in normative ethics, someone asked a nurse of
"what is the meaning of being a good nurse", on the other hand, in normative ethics it states as
"How to be a good nurse?."

3. What is sociocentrism?

Sociocentrism is the discipline of observing and understanding events from the

perspective of the social group rather than one's own like, as for example in religious social
beliefs, we all know that religion has different beliefs and practices, when it comes to marriage.
In Catholic doctrine or beliefs, marriage may only be between one man and one woman with
each partner's free and willing consent for the good of each other and for the transmission of
human life. So, according to the Catholic Church, marriage should only be between a man and a
woman. Man to man marriages and woman to woman unions are not permitted. On the other
side, some religions allow same-sex marriage in other nations because it is their viewpoint and
believe regarding the practice of marriage between two men or two women. Even though we
may secretly think we are right or have the truth, we must be able to accept other points of view
without giving in to the want to push our own. Critical thinking will help you communicate your
ideas, opinions, and thoughts more clearly but we must be conscious of our attitude toward
sociocentrism, ego, and the tendency to interpret events in a certain manner and think that this is
the only correct interpretation.

4. The theory of Sigmund Freud

The Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud is well recognized as the father of

psychoanalysis. According to his view, the mind is made up of three parts, including the id, ego,
and superego. The unconscious and basic part of personality is known as the id, in this phase
before shaping the personality of the child, the most important here is the basic needs such as
foods, drink and comfort. While the id is only interested in the fun or enjoyment, the ego
represents and upholds the reality; the personality of this person in this stage is that he will deal
with reality and trying to meet the desires of the id. Then superego on the other hand, the moral
guidelines by which the ego acts are provided by the superego, which is the moral part of the
mind.

Id example:
1. I want to be a teacher.

2. Among his siblings, Joseph is the eldest son, and his family lives in chronic poverty. He
believes it would be better to stop his studies in order to find job that would allow him to support
his family's necessities.

3. Rose saw her favorite shoes on online and it has affordable price.

Ego example:
1. I get irritated fast with the noise of the students. My patient is being tested. There are a lot of
homework’s such as lesson plan, learning materials and so on but later on I adapt the situations
and get used to it.

2. Joseph supports his family in despite the fact that he had no a college degree; but even so,
with the help of his successful siblings, he is able to acquire anything he desires.

3. She is eager to open the package when the item is delivered, but when she does, she is
suddenly devastated to see a pair of shoes which don't fit her feet.

Superego example:
1. It is not easy to be a teacher. You will experience first the challenges that you will encounter
in your workplace, in the classroom, in your students and even in yourself. You will know later
on how to control yourself, you know how to balance your time, understand the people and the
surroundings.

2. Joseph’s decision to put his family first rather than himself is not his fault; after all, it is all for
the benefit of his family. He did nothing wrong, but rather the right thing to do in order to
survive their life because family will always there for us in every phases of our life.

3. The things you viewed online or those with an affordable price are not worth it. Therefore, do
not base your expectations on what you saw online.

5. Jean Piaget's Theory

According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, learning takes place in four
stages for children. His idea focuses on understanding the nature of intelligence as well as how
children gain knowledge. The first stage is sensory motor which starts at birth and lasts till two
years old. Your child learns about the world during this time by interacting with its environment
through their senses. The second stage is between the ages of 2 and 7 years, this stage takes place
called as preoperational stage. Children in the preoperational stage engage in pretend play
because they use symbols to represent words, images, and beliefs. The next stage is concrete
operational stage, during this stage between the ages of 7 and 11 or 12, when a child is in the
third stage, or the concrete operational stage, they start to think logically and start classifying
objects based on their similarities and differences. Then the last stage is the formal operational
stage, it starts around the age of 11 to 12 and lasts till adulthood, a problem-solving strategy that
is systematic and logical begins to take shape during the formal operational stage.

First stage
1. Nathan started to crawl to go to his mother position in the bed.
2. Alea saw her mother watered the flower over on the table then she started on crying because
she wanted to pick it for her just to smell it.

Second Stage
1. Nathan is starting to walk and run. He's having friends then they starts to play with their gun
toys assuming that they are a policemen's and at war.
2. Alea smelled the flowers and play with it.

Third Stage
1. Nathan wanted to be a policeman someday to capture those bad people.
2. Alea knows that the flower is beautiful, so instead that her mother will water it, she insisted
herself to take care the flowers.

Fourth stage
1. Nathan pursues his dreams to become a policeman.
2. Alea shows his mother the flower he took care for so long and display it on her study table.