➢Induction log tool

Small Spacing/ Pad Type/ Micro-

resistivity tool
The induction log tool
Principle:
Generation of Induced Current:
Formation Loop:
Measuring Induced Current:
Fig: Illustration of Current
Generator and Measuring
Circuit
Induced Current Loops around borehole
Induction log summary
 The induction log determines the conductivity of the
formation by measuring the current induced in this
formation by electric coils.
 The induction tool is used most effectively in holes
containing non conductive muds (fresh mud, oil base
mud) or in empty holes.
 Tool accuracy is good with moderately resistive
formations. It becomes unreliable when resistivity exceeds
100 Ohm-m.
 Logging speed is high 1,800 m/hour.
Limitations
 It has limited use in salty mud and fresh formations.
In salty mud, major portion of signal comes from mud
itself.

 Vertical resolution of induction is also poor and thin beds

cannot be resolved on this log.
Types
 Dual Induction Laterolog 8 (DIL)

 6FF40 sonde

 6FF40-SFL sonde
Dual Induction Laterolog 8 (DIL)
The DIL system consists of :

 An induction sonde with deep investigation (ILd),

 An induction sonde with medium range of investigation (ILm),

 A Laterolog 8,

 SP electrode
Small Spacing / Pad type tools
(Microresistivity tools)
Microresistivity tool principle
Factors affecting Microresistivity tool

Effect of hole
condition on
microresistivity
log record:
Other Factors:
Microresistivity measurements are also very much affected by:
 The thickness of the mud cake.
 The diameter of the invaded zone.
Effect of mud cake thickness and invasion zone
thickness on investigation:
Types
 Microlog (ML)

 Microlaterolog (MLL)

 Proximity log (PL)

 Micro SFL (MSFL)

Log Mud cake Mud cake dia of invasion Bore hole
type thickness Effect
ML Shallow <12 mm >100mm Depends on
hole conditions

MLL Very shallow < 9.5 mm >=38 cm. Highly affected

by
borehole
rugosity
PL Relatively <=25.4 mm >=101 cm. Behaves very
large well in
irregular or
rugose
holes.
MSFL Moderate <= 19 mm >=38 cm. This tool
depends on
hole
conditions.
Summary of Microresistivity tools:
 Microresistivity tools are resistivity tools with a very shallow
depth of investigation. They are designed to measure the
resistivity of the invaded zone (Rxo) in order to correct the deep
investigation resistivity measurements, and also in order to
evaluate the proportion of residual oil which is left in the
invaded zone.

 The microresistivity measurements are excellent indicators of

the mobility of the formation fluid saturating the reservoir
which in other way helps in ascertaining the producing capacity
of the reservoir before the same is put to test.
 Microresistivity measurements require an excellent pad contact
against the formation. They are most sensitive to the shape and
quality of the hole. In case of improper pad contact due to
rugose hole significant change in the measured resistivity (R xo)
can be obtained due to contribution from the presence of mud
media between the tool and borehole wall.

 Careful selection of the type tool (MLL, PML or MSFL) is

essential to minimize the effect of mud cake and shallow
invasion.