Izzah Latest

UPNM
Z45B IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN
A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

PERSONALITY AND INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN

2190602
BACHELOR OF DEFENCE HUMAN

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
FACULTY OF DEFENCE STUDIES AND MANAGEMENT
NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA
JAN 2021
2190602
2021
UNIVERSITI PERTAHANAN NASIONAL MALAYSIA
PENGESAHAN STATUS PROJEK SARJANA MUDA
Judul: MENGKAJI HUBUNGKAIT PRESTASI AKADEMIK, KESIHATAN
PELAJAR DAN PENGLIBATAN PELAJAR DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN SECARA
DALAM TALIAN: KAJIAN RINTIS DI KALANGAN PELAJAR TAHUN AKHIR
FAKULTI SAINS GUNAAN UITM SHAH ALAM
SESI PENGAJIAN:
2019/2020
Saya: IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN
000801-10-1662
Mengaku membenarkan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Universiti Pertahanan
Nasional Malaysia dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
Hak milik Projek Sarjana Muda adalah di bawah nama penulis melainkan penulisan projek bersama
dan dibiayai oleh UPNM, hak miliknya adalah kepunyaan UPNM.
Naskhah salinan di dalam bentuk kertas atau mikro hanya boleh dibuat dengan kebenaran bertulis
daripada penulis.
Perpustakaan Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan
pengajian sahaja.
Projek Sarjana Muda hanya boleh diterbitkan dengan kebenaran penulis. Bayaran royalty adalah
mengikut kadar yang dipersetujui kelak.
Sayatidak membenarkan Perpustakaan UPNM membuat salinan Kertas Akademik ini sebagai
bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.
**Sila tandakan (
(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau

SULIT
kepentingan Malaysia seperti di dalam Akta Kerahsiaan Rasmi
I972)
TERHAD (Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang ditentukan oleh agensi)

berkenaan)
✓ TIDAK TERHAD
Yang benar, Disahkan oleh,
izzahhazirah
(Tandatangan Penyelia)
(Tandatangan Pelajar) NAMA: DR. NUR SURAYYA
Alamat Tetap: A8-2-3, GREEN ACRE BINTI MOHD SAUDI
PARK CONDO, BANDAR SUNGAI
LONG, 43000 KAJANG, SELANGOR Tarikh: Januari 2022
Tarikh: 22 Januari 2022
A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND
INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
BY
IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN
This Bachelor Project for Faculty of Defence Studies and Management National
Defence University of Malaysia as Requirement for Bachelor’s Degree of
Defence Human Resource Management
JANUARY 2022
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
All rights reserved. It shall not be allowed to reproduce or make copies of any part of the
chapter, illustration or contents of this Academic Paper in any form and in any way
either electronically, photocopy, mechanics, recording or any other means before
obtaining the written consent from the Dean of the Faculty of Defence Studies and
Management, National Defence University of Malaysia.
i
STUDENT’S DECLARATION
I admit that this Academic Paper is my own result except quotations, explanation and
summary. The source of this quotations, explanation and summary has been expressed in
the end of this work.
I am also submitting this copyright to the Dean of Faculty of Defence Studies and
Management to publish this work if found suitable.
Date of submission:
(Izzah Hazirah Ramdzan
Binti )
Sa’aid Ramdzan)
After reviewing this paper entitled A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

PERSONALITY AND INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS, have been done by IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID
RAMDZAN, Matric Number 2190602 and has been accepted as graduation
requirements for Bachelor’s Degree of Defence Human Resource Management.
Certified by:
(Dr. Nur Surayya binti Mohd Saudi)
ii
Date:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I praise the Almighty Allah for giving me the strength and patience to complete
this research. I want to express my sincere appreciation and deepest gratitude to these
following individuals who have given me endless support while assembling this final
year project.
Firstly, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my family, especially
my beloved parents, Pasiah binti Md Ali and Sa'aid Ramdzan bin Ismail. They have
always been motivating, supporting, and praying for me every day and night.
To my sole supervisor, Dr Nur Surayya binti Mohd Saudi, thank you for your
guidance, encouragement, advice, patience, as well as endless support in guiding me to
complete this research. I want to extend my gratitude to my best buddies, Athirah,
Azreel and Farihah, for helping me write this research.
Special thanks to these fantastic best friends; Aishah, Suashirni. Shahreen.
Nurhana, Tweshaa, Amira, Uzwatun and Nashqueen, who are always listening to my
rants, consoling me, making me laugh, comforting me with supportive words during my
thrilling university life and giving the motivational supports throughout the years of
knowing each other.
Last but not least, to Nasrul, thank you for keeping going and not giving up. May
these sweet memories become a meaningful life history and continue to strive for self-
improvement. This bond will not end here. May this bond last forever.
iii
Finally, I am thankful to Allah S.W.T for His grace, I was finally able to
complete this Bachelor Degree Project successfully and may this endeavour be blessed
by Allah S.W.T.
iv
ABSTRACT
This research aims to study the relationship between personality of UKM students on
internet addiction. Factors of personality in this study are extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality and psychoticism personality. The questionnaire was adapted
from previous empirical research instruments and the data were analysed using the
"Statistical Package for Social Science" (SPSS) version 25.0. This study involved a total
of 100 faculty of law students at UKM as respondents. Questionnaires were distributed
to them and data were collected in statistical analysis. Furthermore, the results of
correlation tests have proven that the relationship that occurs between extraversion
personality, neuroticism personality and psychoticism personality as independent
variables show a positive relationship to internet addiction. Moreover, the results of this
study show that the most dominant factor of personality on internet addiction is
psychoticism personality. The results of this study are seen to be able to contribute in
reducing personality among students as well as further improve students' internet
addiction.
v
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara personaliti pelajar UKM terhadap
ketagihan internet. Faktor personaliti di dalam kajian ini ialah personaliti extroversi,
personaliti neurotisme dan personaliti psikotisme. Borang soal selidik telah diadaptasi
daripada instrumen kajian-kajian empirikal terdahulu dan data dianalisa dengan
menggunakan “Statistical Package for Social Science” (SPSS) versi 25.0. Kajian ini
melibatkan seramai 100 orang pelajar fakulti undang – undang di UKM sebagai
responden. Borang soal selidik telah diedarkan kepada mereka dan data telah
dikumpulkan dalam analisis statistik. Seterusnya, hasil ujian korelasi telah membuktikan
bahawa hubungan yang berlaku antara personaliti ekstroversi, personaliti neurotisme dan
personaliti psikotisme sebagai pembolehubah tidak bersandar menunjukkan hubungan
yang positif terhadap ketagihan internet. Selain itu, hasil kajian ini menunjukkan
personaliti yang paling dominan terhadap ketagihan internet ialah personaliti psikotisme.
Hasil kajian ini dilihat mampu untuk menyumbang dalam mengurangkan personaliti
dalam kalangan pelajar serta meningkatkan lagi perubahan ketagihan internet pelajar.
vi
LIST OF CONTENT
BIL KANDUNGAN MUKA SURAT

Copyright Declaration i
Student Declaration ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
Abstrak v
List of Content vi
List of Table vii
Table of Content viii
List of Figure ix
List of Abbreviation X
vii
LIST OF TABLE
NO TABLE PAGE
1 Determining Sample Size 26
2 Cronbach’s Alpha Value Pilot Study 29
3 Cronbach’s Alpha Value Reliability 30
4 Classification of Addiction Level Based on Mean Score 31
5 Respondent Demographic Data 34
6 Descriptive Statistics selected for level X1, X2, X3 and Y. 44
7 Categorization by Mean Score Level of Variables 51
8 Zero-Order Correlation Between Extraversion Personality, 53
Neuroticism Personality, Psychoticism Personality, and
Internet Addiction
9 Guildford’s Rule of Thumb Correlation Strength 53
Relationship Scale
10 Relationship Analysis Results between Extraversion 57
Personality (X1), Neuroticism Personality (X2), Psychoticism
Personality (X3) and Internet Addiction (Y).
11 Estimation of the 3 Factor Linear Regression Coefficients of 60

the Model to Explain the Variation of Internet Addiction
Levels
12 Anova 60
13 Conclusion of the Research Objectives 64
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER 1................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Problem Statement 3
1.3 Research Objectives 6
1.4 Research Questions 6
1.5 Scope of Study 7
1.6 Limitations of the Study 7
1.7 Significant of Study 8
1.8 Summary 9
CHAPTER 2..............................................................................................................................10
LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................................10
2.1 Introduction 10
2.2 Conceptual Definition 10
2.2.1 Definition of Personality 10
2.2.2 Definition of Extraversion 11
2.2.3 Definition of Neuroticism 11
2.2.4 Definition of Psychoticism 12
2.2.5 Definition of Addiction 12
2.2.6 Definition of Internet 13
2.2.7 Definition of Internet Addiction 13
2.3 Related Previous Studies 15
2.4 Theoretical Framework 17
2.5 Related Theory 17
2.5.1 Hans Eysenck's Theory 18
2.6 Research Hypothesis 20
2.7 Summary 21
CHAPTER 3..............................................................................................................................22
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................................22
3.1 Introduction 22
3.2 Research Design 23
ix
3.3 Data Collection Method 23
3.4 Research Sampling 24
3.4.1 Research Sampling 24
3.4.2 Sampling Techniques 25
3.4.3 Sample Size 25
3.5 Research Instrument 27
3.6 Pilot Test 28
3.6.1 Reliability 29
3.6.2 Validity 30
3.7 Data Analysis Method 30
3.7.1 Descriptive Analysis 31
3.7.2 Min Score Analysis 31
3.7.3 Inference Method 32
3.8 Summary 32
CHAPTER 4..............................................................................................................................33
STUDY FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION................................................................................33
4.1 Introduction 33
4.2 Demographic Data 33
4.3 Data Analysis 43
4.4 Discussion 62
4.5 i Conclusion 63
CHAPTER 5..............................................................................................................................65
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS.................................................................................65
5.1 Introduction 65
5.2 Summary of Study Findings 65
5.3 Conclusions 68
5.4 Study Contributions 69
5.4.1 Research Contributions to Students 69
5.4.2 Research Contributions to Other Researchers 69
5.5 Limitations of the Study 70
5.6 Recommendations for Future Study 70
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................72
ATTACHMENT A....................................................................................................................80
ATTACHMENT B....................................................................................................................90
x
LIST OF FIGURE
NO FIGURE PAGE
1 Framework Model of the Relationship Between Personality 17

and Internet Addiction Among UKM Faculty of Law
Students
2 Two Personality Dimensions That Eysenck has 19

suggested
3 36
Gender Respondents
4 Nation Respondents 37
5 Age Respondents 38
6 Computer Education Respondents 39
7 Average Spending Per Month Using the Internet 40

Respondents
8 Frequency of Surfing the Internet in a Week 41
Respondents
9 Time Taken Each Time Surfing the Internet 42
Respondents
10 Distribution of Internet Addiction 46
11 Distribution of Extraversion Personality 47
12 Distribution of Neuroticism Personality 49
13 Psychoticism Personality 50
xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
UKM Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Science
CGPA Cummulative Grade Point Average
ICT Information and Communication Technology
xii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
Today, information technology plays a critical role in various areas, including
economics, education, entertainment, and globalization. This has had a significant
impact on a large number of individuals. The expectations and requirements for
mastering this information technology have become a necessity for various
stakeholders, including individuals, communities, and countries. This is because the
capacity to comprehend and apply information technology effectively will enable
organizations to achieve competitiveness. The community must compete and make
full use of the information and communication technology (ICT) information
system's resources in order to gain the most up-to-date knowledge and information.
For illustration, e-Sri Lanka has developed the Telecentre Development
Program intending to bridge the digital divide (Gamage & Halpin, 2007). A study
conducted in the Greek Library on the Internet discovered that librarians must
conduct research and serve as a convenient source of reference (Semertzaki, 2008).
Naturally, the Internet provides numerous benefits in terms of global connectivity,
multimedia capabilities, and other features (Lesage, 2015); (Andrist, 2021);
1
(Semertzaki, 2008); (Nasmith & Parkinson, 2008). According to (Andrist, 2021), the
Internet is not only addicting but also provides numerous benefits.
Malaysia is Asia's seventh most Internet-connected country (in terms of
population percentage) and Asia's ninth most Internet-connected country (in terms of
population percentage) (in terms of population). According to 2009 figures,
Malaysia's Internet user population was expected to be 16.9 million. 64.6 percent of
Malaysia's population (about 26.1 million Malaysians) are proficient Internet users.
This suggests that the Internet significantly impacts Malaysians' daily lives (Utami &
Mubarak, 2018).
The evolution of ever-more advanced technology enables users to access the
Internet at any time and from any location has become a typical occurrence. In
addition to mobile phones, the community always uses notebooks for surfing the
Internet. Additionally, the modem is a novel and popular medium for community
members to surf the Internet due to its compact size and portability. Additionally,
some shops provide free Wi-Fi, allowing customers to access the Internet readily.
Today, the Internet serves as an electronic infrastructure for planning, developing,
and transmitting information via web-based education (Chou et al., 2005).
Regrettably, some persons may develop an addiction to the Internet (and the
resources it delivers). Since the 1990s, internet addiction has been a point of
emphasis for experts, remarkably since the options for internet connection have risen
significantly. Internet addiction is inextricably linked to the advancement of new
2
mobile technologies, the expansion of the mobile data network, and the widespread
availability of these advancements in the modern world. As with any other addiction
(overuse), internet addiction has a different degree of impact on each individual's life
(in the psychological, social, and occupational domains).
Research can be conducted more efficiently and effectively. (Vicencio-Ríos
et al., 2020) suggested that users can access electronic libraries located worldwide
over the Internet. There are numerous sources of information that include multimedia
elements such as text, images, and videos that may be easily searched by entering a
virtual door. Additionally, the Internet is available at the University Kebangsaan
Malaysia (UKM), where individuals can obtain information on the university's
present state of affairs. Unique passwords have been established to ensure that
neither outsiders nor insiders can disrupt the system.
1.2 Problem Statement
When a technology simplifies human labor and incorporates functions or
features that promote comfort, it is innovative. It is expected that for every action or
development of technology, there are also negative consequences. These adverse
consequences affect humans to a degree. The Internet has become widely abused as a
result of its ease of usage. The objective is to provide for the requirements of certain
parties and to gratify personal aspirations.
3
According to (Hinostroza et al., 2018), students who rely excessively on the
Internet for scientific material will tend to spend more time on the Internet and
engage in other online activities. Among these are online games, chat, and a variety
of different online amusement activities. Nowadays, many educators advise their
students to use the Internet to seek knowledge and examples (Benvenuto et al.,
2020). (Wood & Wheatcroft, 2020). According to (Novianto, 2011), the Internet has
evolved to become no longer a luxury but a necessity.
Other studies, such as (Hinostroza et al., 2018) and (Baturay & Toker, 2019),
assert that there is evidence to support the concept that excessive internet use will
impair a student's academic performance. (Tsui et al., 2007) interviewed a professor
at Yale University School of Law who stated that students who use the Internet
during lectures do not pay attention to the lecturers.
The Internet contains a wealth of material that can assist UKM students in
completing an assignment. Additionally, UKM students search for educational
websites in order to comprehend more than the knowledge included in textbooks. A
range of current resources is accessible to assist them in carrying out the learning
process more efficiently.
However, there are certain negative consequences for UKM students when
aspects such as accessibility, affordability, and internet access from anywhere are
considered. Students at UKM will begin browsing video games online and chatting.
This will distract students' attention away from the learning process. This becomes a
4
problem at this university when students stay up late for no reason and do not get
enough sleep or rest. Indeed, they use their mobile phones to surf the Internet while
in the lecture hall.
The Internet has progressed swiftly in terms of both its use and service
provision - specifically, service provision via e-mail. Among them is the fact that
subscribers can now pay their bills entirely online. Additionally, other applications
include talking via Yahoo Messenger, Skype, or Windows Live Messenger.
Additionally, there are e-communities such as Facebook, Myspace, and Twitter.
Furthermore, some services cater to commercial opportunities, such as Amazon.com.
According to (Faudzi, 2019), young people who play online games spend an average
of more than 20 hours every week.
The issues and challenges have stimulated academics' interest in determining
the extent of internet addiction among UKM students, its relationship to their
personalities, and other strategies for resolving this issue in order to promote a
harmonious life at UKM.
5
1.3 Research Objectives
1. To determine the level of internet addiction between extraversion
personality, neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality
among UKM Faculty of Law Students.
2. To identify the relationship between extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality with internet
addiction among students of the UKM Faculty of Law Students.
3. To determine the extent to which extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality explain internet
addiction among UKM Faculty of Law Students.
1.4 Research Questions
1. What is the level of extraversion personality, neuroticism personality,
psychoticism personality in the organization?
2. What is the relationship between extraversion, neuroticism,
psychoticism personality, and internet addiction in the organization?
3. What factors best explain internet addiction in an organization?
6
1.5 Scope of Study
This research is limited to UKM students and only include students from the
law faculty. Additionally, this study's scope is limited to second-year students. This
is because year one students are new students who are still adjusting to the university
atmosphere, and at this age, they are more likely to meet online. Additionally, I
choose second-year students to avoid disturbing third-year students who are
committed to completing the final year project. On the other side, second-year
students are intermediate students who are more comfortable with the university
atmosphere and possess a more developed mentality than first-year students and
third-year students.
1.6 Limitations of the Study
Numerous limitations must be considered and addressed when evaluating this
study. The findings of the study cannot be regarded as conclusive. Among the issues
that arose were the subject's loss, the subject's year of study, the subject's reaction to
the questionnaire, subjects who did not complete the questionnaire entirely, and the
year the study was done, with the results most likely changing the following year.
The first constraint is the subject count. There are 100 subjects, all of whom
are UKM Year Two Law Faculty students. It is limited to law faculty students and is
not generalizable to a larger group.
7
The second constraint is the subject's year of study. Numerous additional law
faculty students may be subjects, but the more senior law faculty students have other
responsibilities, such as final year projects, and hence cannot be subjects.
Following that was the subject's reaction to the questionnaire. It was shown
that many individuals disliked filling out the questionnaire because they perceived it
to be inconvenient and burdensome.
The fourth constraint is that the participant did not completely finish the
questionnaire. Certain subjects do not respond to all of the questionnaire's questions.
Additionally, some individuals did not return the questionnaire. As a result, the
researcher compiled an extensive questionnaire.
The final constraint is the year in which the study was done, as the results are
most likely to change the following year. The subjects are junior year law students,
and their responses will most likely change as they mature.
1.7 Significant of Study
This study can determine whether UKM students suffer from severe internet
addiction, allowing action to be taken to protect students' performance, and can spark
8
a high-quality generation in terms of mental and physical health, based on national
education philosophy, that aspires to cultivate knowledgeably. These skilled citizens
are ethical and have a sense of responsibility, who can achieve personal happiness
and contribute to the harmony and prosperity of society and the country.
Additionally, this study can help the government recognize the significant
level of internet addiction among students enrolled in higher education institutions,
whether public or private. This is so that the government may take prudent actions to
address the occurrences in this matter.
1.8 Summary
The conclusion that can be drawn from this first chapter is that the Internet is
the primary source of knowledge for UKM students, given the Library's new and
imperfect nature. The Internet also creates a path for students to communicate with
the outside world, as UKM students, particularly those in the Faculty of Law, have
some difficulties due to their own ethics. Additionally, due to the variety of services
available and the ease with which they may be accessed, UKM students can abuse
the Internet for overlooked purposes.
9
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter will discuss some of the research that has been conducted on
relevant topics. These characteristics include concerns about the definitions and
language applied in the research and the research's relation to earlier work, and the
theoretical framework or model used. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the
research hypothesis.
2.2 Conceptual Definition
This section will define or discuss the words that will be used in this research.
Additionally, facts are presented to enhance the researcher's case.
2.2.1 Definition of Personality
The study discovered three distinct sorts of mentor characters: those defined
by demographic characteristics such as age, experience, and personality (Utama &
10
Wardani, 2020). According to (Vicencio-Ríos et al., 2020),personality is an
individual's behavior that enables others to form broad perceptions. Personality is
employed to enhance self-skills (Cameron, 1999); (Almohammadi et al., 2017).
(Dewaele, 2012) assert that self-skills are a critical component of a person's
personality. Personality is an attempt to identify and define lasting traits of an
individual's conduct (Tharshini et al., 2021). Zalina Mubin (2005) claims in her study
that the experience of a person's self-nature and the effect of the resulting
environment are two factors that contribute to the existence of that person's self-
nature.
2.2.2 Definition of Extraversion
An extrovert is someone who is at ease in social situations. (Durand et al.,
2013) define the attribute as a person who is kind, friendly, sociable, self-confident,
and displays good emotions. Extroverts have been shown to pay greater attention to
actions and interactions than introverts (Gosling, 2009). As defined by (Kasai et al.,
2017), Extraversion is a person who is confident, action-oriented, and exudes a desire
for happiness, attention, and conversation.
2.2.3 Definition of Neuroticism
(Brandes et al., 2018)defined neuroticism as the capacity of a person's
negative emotions to be activated. Additionally, they feel that those with low degrees
11
of neuroticism are more stable and resilient in adversity. Simultaneously, (Durand et
al., 2013) predicted that neurotic personal qualities are associated with decreased
confidence and a tendency for negative emotions when stimulated.
Neurotic individuals conceal their desires, and they feel nervous and insecure
whenever they require something or wish to do something. Judges and colleagues
(2002) discovered that neuroticism was always adversely connected with leadership
effectiveness. Neuroticism is an abnormal level of anxiety that can result in sadness,
mood problems, and an inability to carry out daily tasks (Kasai et al., 2017).
2.2.4 Definition of Psychoticism
Individuals with mental illness are often careless, preferring to disregard
healthy ways of thinking and converse about inappropriate topics (Fitri, 2020).
(Elefante et al., 2021) assert that "psychiatric patients" are frequently mad (psycho).
Compared to less active individuals, more creative individuals receive higher
psychotic characteristic scores (Rubio et al., 2007).
2.2.5 Definition of Addiction
Addiction is defined by (Ng et al., 2009) as a sort of physical reliance that can
result in drug abuse, such as drug overuse. Addiction is something that can be
discovered when a person is in a highly dependent state. According to Zalina Mubin
12
(2005), addiction is a desire or attraction to a hobby in which one aspires to spend a
lot of time.
2.2.6 Definition of Internet
The merger of different communication technologies and their impact on the
transmission of information (Kapor & Weitzner, 2010). According to (Rojas &
Perez, 2000), the Internet serves as a bridge between two parties for communication
and information sharing. According to (Bahari & Mahmud, 2009), the Internet can
affect a business's costs by making information more accessible.
2.2.7 Definition of Internet Addiction
Goldberg invented the term "internet addiction" when the Internet began to be
used by various groups (Bax, 2021). The term "internet addiction" refers to a
psychological reliance on the Internet (Agarwal et al., 2014)(Walz et al., 2010).
(Samli, 2018)established that the phrase "Internet addiction" refers to a broad
range of behavioral and intuitive difficulties. Internet addiction research indicates
that it happens and affects a tiny number of users (Widyanto & Griffiths, 2006).
(Prambayu & Dewi, 2019) Internet addiction can be classified into three categories,
according to data collected from 415 medical technology students: browsing-related,
non-work-related e-mail, and interactive cyberloafing.
13
According to researcher Zalina Mubin (2005), internet addiction has a
comprehensive definition and has been classified into five categories, including the
following, firstly is cyber sexual addiction. This term refers to an addiction to adult
chat rooms and pornographic websites. Has a liking for pornography, adult space,
and freely discussing sexual issues.
Other than that is addiction to cyber relationships. Individuals that like
establishing relationships online through chat rooms such as 1RC, ICQ, forums, and
discussion groups about privacy. These friendships have the potential to replace real-
world interactions between friends and family members.
Additionally, addiction to internet activities. This term refers to a strong urge
for various internet activities such as gambling, buying and selling, and auctions.
Moreover, addiction towards information. This term refers to the behavior of
using the Internet to visit websites in search of information in excess, which
frequently involves the usage of portal websites.
Lastly, the addiction towards computer use. Refers to an excessive amount of
computer gameplay to the point of forgetting about daily life. This is a problem that
frequently affects guys.
14
2.3 Related Previous Studies
In comparison to other countries, our country rarely conducts studies on the
extent of internet addiction. In contrast to Malaysia, people in other nations,
particularly western countries, begin with the Internet.
According to a study conducted by (Rosenthal et al., 2018) in the United
States, there is a significant difference between users who are dependent on the
Internet and those who are not, with addicted users spending an average of 8 hours
per day against non-addicted users spending 4.7 hours. (Lee, 2009) discovered that
most of internet-dependent individuals surf the Internet more than they wish.
(Hsu et al., 2015) did research on college students in Taiwan. It is applied by
individuals who frequently access the Internet. They discovered that they spent 4-5
hours per day during the week and 5-8 hours per day on weekends. (Weinberger et
al., 2017) found that the majority of Israeli adolescents are frequent internet users.
(Soule et al., 2003) surveyed American internet users. The study's findings indicated
that gender had no effect on internet use, and 10 percent of the sample of adolescents
spent more than 40 hours per week accessing the web.
15
(“Internet Self-Efficacy Preferences of Internet Based Environments and
Achievement of Prospective Teachers,” 2011) conducted a study on internet
addiction among Taiwanese adolescents. The study's findings suggested that
practically every adolescent examined demonstrated indications of internet addiction.
(Agarwal et al., 2014) conducted a survey on Indian school children and discovered
that 14 percent suffer from internet addiction, and 5.5 percent spend more than four
hours each day online. According to Dr. Psychologist Kimberly Young, people with
internet addiction have similar concerns to those with alcohol addiction (Zalewska et
al., 2021).
According to an Australian Broadcasting Authority survey, most adolescents
between the ages of 11 and 17 are predicted to exhibit symptoms of internet
addiction (Fleming & Rickwood, 2004). (“An Analysis on the Relationship and
Influence of Pre-Service Early Childhood Teacher’s Personality Factors and Teacher
Efficacy,” 2019) reported in their research of Korean students that 0.9 percent of
respondents were found to be addicted to the Internet, compared to the projected 14
percent. According to (Kotera et al., 2021), 6 percent of Czech university students
are internet addicts. Additionally, the survey stated that students who are online
addicts spend 44 hours each week on the Internet. According to (Ritakallio et al.,
2005), 58 percent of respondents aged 12 - 18 years use the Internet excessively.
Zalina Binti Mubin (2005) conducted a study on individuals in the
surroundings of Bandar Baru Bangi to determine the association between
16
extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism and online addiction. She discovered
that an extrovert personality has a relationship with internet addiction.
17
2.4 Theoretical Framework
This study makes use of two types of variables: dependent and independent.
The dependent variables included personality types which are extraversion,
neuroticism, and psychoticism. The dependent variable, on the other hand, is internet
addiction.
Independent Variables
 Extraversion The Dependent Variable

Personality Internet Addiction
 Neuroticism
Personality
 Psychoticism
Personality
FIGURE 1 Framework Model of the Relationship Between Personality and Internet

Addiction Among UKM Faculty of Law Students
2.5 Related Theory
The researcher employs Hans Eysenck's theory in this study because it
pertains to many personality types. This theory examines the various personality
types, including extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. Among the topics
explored are the definitions of the many personality types and the characteristics of
persons who exhibit the personality type in question.
18
2.5.1 Hans Eysenck's Theory
Eysenck and Wilson classify personality into two subtypes based on a
person's biological characteristics. Extraversion/introversion and
neuroticism/stability are the two types (“Eysenck, H. and Wilson, G. (1975). Know
Your Own Personality.,” 1976).
Extraversion is defined as being outgoing, cooperative, and in need of
external stimulation. Neuroticism is a psychological trait characterized by
susceptibility to negative influences such as stress. Additionally, Eysenck claims that
each human has a personality contained within a circle divided into two dimensions,
resulting in four quarters of a process. Five behavioral categories characterized by
introversion and extraversion and stable and unstable (neurotic) persons were
presented within those characteristics. As illustrated in the figure below:
19
N
moody, anxious,
touchy, restless,
rigid, sober,
aggressive, excitable,
pessimistic, quiet
changeable, impulsive,
unsociable and
optimistic and active
reserved
I E
passive, careful, friendly, outgoing, talkative,
thoughtful, peaceful, responsive, easygoing,
controlled, reliable lively, carefree and
even-tempered and leadership
calm
FIGURE 2 Two Personality Dimensions That Eysenck has suggested
Source: (John et al., 2008)
S = Stability
N = Neuroticism
I = Introversion
E = Extraversion
20
However, recent research indicates that Eysenck contributed a new dimension
to personality, namely psychosis. Mental disease plays a significant role in pain,
apathy, recklessness, impatience, article-seeking instincts, and tendencies (Garcia
Del Castillo Rodriguez et al., 2008).
2.6 Research Hypothesis
Based on the research theory, research theory framework, and research
objectives, the hypothesis that the researcher can establish are as follows:
Ha1: There is a significant relationship between extraversion personality and
internet addiction.
Ha2: There is a significant relationship between neuroticism personality and
internet addiction.
Ha3: There is a significant relationship between psychoticism personality and
internet addiction.
21
2.7 Summary
In summary, this chapter discusses the research subjects and concepts.
Additionally, it discusses previous research on this topic. This is done to reinforce
the components that contribute to the resolution of emerging issues. Additionally,
this chapter introduces two variables: a related variable and an independent variable.
Further, hypotheses were formulated to ascertain whether there was a correlation
between an individual's personality or their internet addiction.
22
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This chapter discusses about research procedures, namely the research design,
data collection techniques, research sampling, research tools, and analytic techniques
used. (O’Seaghdha et al., 2016) define methodology as a process, a collection of
instruments for conducting research and acquiring information, and the art of
intellectual labor.
Additionally, (Fielding & Fielding, 2008) identified two different types of
research methodologies as follows:
i. Quantitative study
ii. Qualitative methods
23
3.2 Research Design
According to (Majid, 1990), research design relates to the selection of the
most cost-effective strategies for obtaining helpful information and achieving
research objectives. According to (Ruzzene, 2015), author of the book "Social
Science Study Methods," research design shows in detail how research is conducted.
It serves as a guide for sampling, measurement, and data analysis.
According to (Coggon et al., 1997), cross-sectional data collection is a type of
research that involves the observation of population-representative (sample)
alongside population (population). The researchers employed a survey approach to
collect cross-sectional data using quantitative methodologies. Because the study used
a survey questionnaire and involved many students, interviews were not appropriate.
3.3 Data Collection Method
The data collecting strategy used in this study is to consult sources collected
via the Internet and library resources. The Library contains information regarding
scientific research conducted by past students. On the Internet, periodicals and
articles written by authoritative people are available.
In general, data for this study were collected from primary and secondary
sources. The term "original data" refers to information collected via a questionnaire
24
delivered to a primary source, i.e., respondents. Secondary data is knowledge
obtained from an expert author's analysis of relevant subjects.
Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) will be used to evaluate the
data from the distributed questionnaires. In this study, the researcher has selected
UKM Year Two Law Faculty Students. Following that, the study's findings are
explained, and recommendations are made for each item examined.
3.4 Research Sampling
Simple random sampling was used to identify the sample in this study. This is
because this type of sampling simplifies the process of data analysis and calculating
errors. A simple random sampling method is a form of sample selection in which all
members of a population have an equal chance of being chosen as a sample.
3.4.1 Research Sampling
The population can be classified as a large group. It is a group of people with
similar characteristics or a group of people. Researchers design and perform analysis
to facilitate access to the target population produced through a sample that is a subset
or subset of the target population. To conclude, the population as a whole requires
the use of samples. In determining the population of this study, only UKM year two
students of the law faculty will be considered a population element. The population
25
of final year students of the faculty is about 100. The sample size will be determined
according to the correct sampling technique based on the population.
3.4.2 Sampling Techniques
A probability sampling design, a simple random sampling technique, was
used for this study. This method ensures that every subject in the population has an
equal chance of being included in the sample. This technique requires a
homogeneous population, and if there are small groups in the population, the
percentage should be roughly equal to the members of those groups. The results of
this study can be used to make assumptions or conclusions for all populations, which
is an advantage of using this technique. However, the implementation of this
technique takes a long time, and it is also unsuitable for a variety of conditions,
which is a disadvantage of using this technique. There are 100 second-year students
at the UKM Faculty of Law. As a result, the sample size specified in the table
(Sekaran and Bougie, 2013, p.268) requires a total of 80 people to be used as the
sample size.
3.4.3 Sample Size
The overall findings of the study are required to determine the feature set, so
the sampling technique that will be used is a population sample (Sekaran and Bougie,
2013). They also provide specialized instruments to assist in determining sample
size. The table used for this research is shown in Table 1.
26
27
Table 1: Determining Sample Size
N S N S N S N S N S
10 10 100 80 280 162 800 260 2800 338
15 14 110 86 290 165 850 265 3000 341
20 19 120 92 300 169 900 269 3500 246
25 24 130 97 320 175 950 274 4000 351
30 28 140 103 340 181 1000 278 4500 351
35 32 150 108 360 186 1100 285 5000 357
40 36 160 113 380 181 1200 291 6000 361
45 40 170 118 400 196 1300 297 7000 364
50 44 190 123 420 201 1400 302 8000 367
55 48 200 127 440 205 1500 306 9000 368
60 52 210 132 460 210 1600 310 10000 373
65 56 220 136 480 214 1700 313 15000 375
70 59 230 140 500 217 1800 317 20000 377
75 63 240 144 550 225 1900 320 30000 379
80 66 250 148 600 234 2000 322 40000 380
85 70 260 152 650 242 2200 327 50000 381
90 73 270 155 700 248 2400 331 75000 382
95 76 270 159 750 256 2600 335 100000 384
N = Population
S = Sample Size
Source: (Sekaran and Bougie, 2013, p.268)
28
According to the sample size contained in the table above, a sample size of 80 was
selected to analyze from students with a population of 100 from the Faculty of Law
Students at UKM.
3.5 Research Instrument
(Cavana & Delahaye, 2000). A survey was performed as the research
instrument. When dealing with extensive samples, questionnaires are one of the most
often used data collection methods.
The questionnaire applied in this study is divided into three sections: Section
A (demographic data), Section B (extraversion personality-related subject), Section
C (neuroticism personality-related subject), Section D (psychoticism personality-
related subject) and Section E (items that measure internet addiction).
i. Section A
Section A is meant to collect demographic information about the
subject by encouraging the issue to provide personal information such
as age, gender, and race.
ii. Section B
29
Section B is a questionnaire used to analyze an individual's
personality. This section contains extraversion personality. The Likert
Scale is used to simplify respondents' responses in this section.
iii. Section C
Section C is a questionnaire used to analyze an individual's
personality. This section contains neuroticism personality. The Likert
Scale is used to simplify respondents' responses in this section.
iv. Section D
Section D is a questionnaire used to analyze an individual's
personality. This section contains psychoticism personality. The
Likert Scale is used to simplify respondents' responses in this section.
v. Section E
Section E is used to measure respondents’ internet addiction. The
questions in this section contain statements on addiction. The Likert
Scale is used to simplify respondents’ responses in this section.
3.6 Pilot Test
The pilot study's objective was to determine the questionnaire's reliability and
validity. Researchers can determine whether or not the questionnaire issued should
30
be changed. Table 2 below shows the results of the pilot study that has been
conducted.
Table 2: Cronbach’s Alpha Value Pilot Study
Variables Cronbach’s Alpha Value Pilot

Study
Extraversion Personality .781
Neuroticism Personality .918
Psychoticism Personality .846
Internet Addiction .947
3.6.1 Reliability
The constancy of test scores, when retested at different periods or under

different situations, is referred to as Reliability (Powers, 1985). Reliability can be
used to determine the consistency of each measure's individual achievement scores.
High dependability ratings can help reduce measurement instrument mistakes.
According to (Powers, 1985), an acceptable dependability value is between

0.8 and 0.90. The Cronbach's Alpha technique was used to determine dependability
in this study. Table 3 below shows the results of the pilot study that has been
conducted.
31
Table 3: Cronbach’s Alpha Value Reliability
Variables Cronbach’s Alpha Value

Reliability
Extraversion Personality .869
Neuroticism Personality .913
Psychoticism Personality .821
Internet Addiction .946
3.6.2 Validity
Validity refers to a test's ability to measure what it is intended to measure
(Powers, 1985). A measurement, he maintains, is valid if it accurately measures what
should be measured. The researchers performed this validity test using the total item
correlation methodology and the Pearson correlation method.
3.7 Data Analysis Method
Only two types of analysis were applied in this procedure. The two methods
are descriptive analysis and inferential analysis, both of which apply the Person
Correlation Test to determine the link between the variables.
32
3.7.1 Descriptive Analysis
This descriptive analysis is used to analyze the items in Section A, B, C, D
and E, providing an overview. This simplifies the researcher's task of analyzing and
comprehending the data and arranging and manipulating the data to offer descriptive
information.
3.7.2 Min Score Analysis
The researcher analyzed the mean score in terms of determining the
respondents' level of internet addiction. The researchers classified addiction into
three categories using the mean score analysis method: low, medium, and high. The
mean is calculated by taking the average of all scores and dividing it by the total
number of respondents. Calculate the mean value using the variables. The table
below summarizes the typical range of scores and the amount of addiction.
Mean Score Classification Level Of Addiction

1.00 - 2.33 Low
2.34 - 3.67 Medium
3.68 - 5.00 High
Table 4 Classification of Addiction Level Based on Mean Score
33
3.7.3 Inference Method
The Pearson Correlation test was used to make the inference. This test is
designed to determine the relationship between two variables under investigation,
namely the dependent and independent variables. Internet addiction is a dependent
variable, while personality types such as extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism
are independent factors. Both of these variables refer to second-year law students at
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Faculty of Law.
3.8 Summary
In a nutshell, this chapter's research methodology introduces the study in
general, i.e., the research methodology, and describes successful data collection
techniques. The following section discusses the data collection procedure, which
details how the data was collected. Additionally, this chapter discusses the sampling
procedures used in studies that rely on interpolation to calculate the sample size.
Utilize a three-part questionnaire to be presented to respondents in the study
instrument. The analytical procedure follows that, which uses two techniques:
descriptive analysis and the Pearson Correlation Test. To process the researcher's
data using SPSS version 25.00.
34
CHAPTER 4
STUDY FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Introduction
This chapter will discuss the research findings that have been collected from
the study sample for testing hypotheses and answering research questions. The
results were collected from questionnaires answered by respondents and analyzed
using SPSS v. 25. A total of 80 sets of questionnaires were given to the respondents,
namely Year Two Students Faculty of Law at UKM. The data collection was done
for two weeks to obtain information from respondents. This chapter will also
describe the study's findings according to the data that has been analyzed, such as
demographic data, discussion and conclusions.
4.2 Demographic Data
Demographic data is in Part A of the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics

were used to analyze this data. In this study, demographic data consisted of gender,
nation, age, computer education, average spending per month using the internet,
frequency of surfing the internet in a week and time taken each time surfing the
internet. The findings of this study are intended to obtain background information of
the respondents. Table 5 shows the frequency and percentage related to the
demographic background of the respondents in UKM.
35
Table 5: Respondent Demographic Data
CHARACTERISTICS FREQUENCY PERCENT
GENDER
Male 28 35.0
Female 52 65.0
TOTAL 80 100.0
NATION
Malay 73 91.3
Chinese 5 6.3
Indian 2 2.5
TOTAL 80 100.0
AGE
20 years and below 62 77.7
21 - 25 years 13 16.3
26 - 30 years 3 3.8
36 - 40 years 2 2.5
TOTAL 80 100.0
COMPUTER EDUCATION
Attending Class 51 63.7
Self-Learning 29 36.3
TOTAL 80 100.0
AVERAGE SPENDING
PER MONTH USING THE
INTERNET
Less than RM50 32 40.0
RM51 – RM100 29 36.3
RM101 – RM150 14 17.5
RM151 – RM200 4 5.0
More than RM201 1 1.3
36
TOTAL 80 100.0
FREQUENCY OF
SURFING THE INTERNET
IN A WEEK
Less than 5 times 5 6.3
5 times – 10 times 15 18.8
11 times – 15 times 9 11.3
16 times – 20 times 4 5.0
More than 20 times 47 58.8
TOTAL 80 100.0
TIME TAKEN EACH

TIME SURFING THE
INTERNET
Less than 15 minutes 9 11.3
15 minutes – 30 minutes 19 23.8
More than 60 minutes 34 42.5
TOTAL 80 100.0
Based on Table 5 above, the results of the analysis related to the frequency and
percentage of respondents are as follows:
4.2.1 Gender
A total of 80 respondents were involved in this questionnaire. Based on the

study sample, 28 people, equivalent to 35.0%, were male respondents, while 52
female respondents, equivalent to 65.0%, were involved in this questionnaire. This
indicates that the involvement of female respondents in this study is more than male
respondents. The data are shown in Figure 3.
37
Figure 3: Gender Respondents
38
4.2.2 Nation
Based on the study sample, 73 people, equivalent to 91.3%, are Malay
respondents, while 5 Chinese respondents, equivalent to 6.3%, were involved in this
questionnaire. A total of 2 other respondents are Indians, equivalent to 2.5% were
also involved in this questionnaire. This shows that the involvement of Malay
respondents in this study is more than the Chinese and Indians. The data are
illustrated in Figure 4 below.
Figure 4: Nation Respondents
39
4.2.3 Age
This study shows the breakdown of respondents by Age. A total of 62 people,
equivalent to 77.5%, are students aged 20 years and below, while 13 people,
equivalent to 16.3%, are students aged 21 - 25 years. Followed by students aged 26 -
30 years as many as 3 people, equivalent to 3.8%. A total of 2 people, equivalent to
2.5% of students aged 36 - 40 years in this study. This indicates that students aged 20
years and below are the majority in this study. The data are illustrated in Figure 5
below.
Figure 5: Age Respondents
40
4.2.4 Respondent’s Computer Education
Based on the study sample, 51 people, equivalent to 63.7%, were
attending class, while 29 self-learning equivalent to 36.3%, were involved in this
questionnaire. This indicates that the involvement of attending class in this study is
more than self-learning. The data are shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6: Computer Education Respondents
41
4.2.5 Respondent’s average spending per month using internet
This study shows the breakdown of respondents by average spending per
month using the internet. A total of 32 people, equivalent to 40%, are students
average spending per month using internet less than RM50, while 29 people,
equivalent to 36.3%, are students average spending per month using internet RM51 –
RM100. Followed by students aged 26 - 30 years as many as 3 people, equivalent to
3.8%. A total of 2 people, equivalent to 2.5% of students aged 36 - 40 years in this
study. This indicates that students aged 20 years and below are the majority in this
study. The data are illustrated in Figure 7 below.
Figure 7: Average Spending Per Month Using the Internet Respondents
42
4.2.6 Respondent’s frequency of surfing the internet in a week
This study shows the breakdown of respondents by frequency of surfing the
internet in a week. A total of 5 people, equivalent to 6.3%, are students’ frequency of
surfing the internet in a week less than 5 times, while 15 people, equivalent to 18.8%,
are frequency of surfing the internet in a week 5 times – 10 times. Followed by
students’ frequency 11 times – 15 times as many as 9 people, equivalent to 11.3%. A
total of 4 people, equivalent to 5.0% of students’ frequency 16 times – 20 times,
frequency more than 20 times as many as 47 people, equivalent to 58.8% in this
study. This indicates that students’ frequency more than 20 times are the majority in
this study. The data are illustrated in Figure 8 below.
Figure 8: Frequency of Surfing the Internet in a Week Respondents
43
44
4.2.7 Respondent’s time taken each time surfing the internet
This study shows the breakdown of respondents by time taken each time
surfing the internet. A total of 9 people, equivalent to 11.3%, are students’ time taken
each time surfing the internet less than 15 minutes, while 19 people, equivalent to
23.8%, are time taken each time surfing the internet 15 minutes – 30 minutes.
Followed by students’ time taken 31 minutes – 45 minutes as many as 12 people,
equivalent to 15.0%. A total of 6 people, equivalent to 7.5% of students’ time taken
46 minutes – 60 minutes, time taken more than 60 minutes as many as 34 people,
equivalent to 42.5% in this study. This indicates that students time taken more than
60 minutes are the majority in this study. The data are illustrated in Figure 9 below.
Figure 9: Time Taken Each Time Surfing the Internet Respondents
45
4.3 Data Analysis
The data obtained were tested to identify whether the collected data is normal
and determine the mean of the variables in this study. In addition, there are also tests
to answer the hypotheses of this study. The output of the tests are as follows:
4.3.1 To study of the relationship between Extraversion Personality (X1),
Neuroticism Personality (X2), Psychoticism Personality (X3) and Internet
Addiction (Y).
The first study's objective was to study the relationship between Extraversion
Personality, Neuroticism Personality, Psychoticism Personality and Internet
Addiction experienced by year two students in the faculty of law at UKM. To
achieve these objectives, descriptive analysis was used. The analysis for each
variable was described by classifying mean, median, standard deviation, minimum,
maximum, interquartile range, skewness value, kurtosis and percentile. The
descriptive statistics of each variable are also described in the table below:
46
Table 6: Descriptive Statistics selected for level X1, X2, X3 and Y.
Variables
Descriptive
Statistics
Selected
(Y) (X1) (X2) (X3)
Mean 3.54 3.82 3.71 3.82
Median 3.53 3.92 3.67 3.67
Std. Deviation 0.820 0.615 0.753 0.586
Minimum 2.00 2.00 2.00 3.00
Maximum 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Range 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.00
Interquartile 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Range
Skewness -0.110 -0.118 -0.299 0.410
Percentiles
25th 2.91 3.35 3.17 3.42
50th 3.53 3.92 3.67 3.67
75th 4.20 4.23 4.31 4.31
90th 4.58 4.58 4.75 4.67
Level
Disagree 8 (10.0) 0 3 (3.8) 0
Agree 37 (46.3) 31 (38.8) 39 (48.8) 42 (52.5)
Strongly
35 (43.8) 48 (60.0) 37 (46.3) 38 (47.5)
Agree
Total 80 (100.0) 79 (98.8) 79 (98.8) 80 (100.0)
47
Remarks:
Y = Internet Addiction
X1 = Extraversion Personality
X2 = Neuroticism Personality
X3 = Psychoticism Personality
4.3.1.1 Internet Addiction (Y)
Based on Table 6, the study results show that the minimum value obtained for
the level of internet addiction is 2.00, and the value for the maximum is 5.00 and
gives a range of 3.00. In comparison, the median for internet addiction is 3.53, with a
standard deviation of 0.820. The mean value for internet addiction is 3.54, indicating
that the level of internet addiction is high. The skewness value obtained is -0.110,
showing a slightly skewed distribution but normal. Based on (Daniel, 2018), the
skewness value must be between +2 and -2.
The value obtained for the level of internet addiction in the 25th percentile
score is 2.91 while the 50th percentile is 3.53, the 75th percentile is 4.20, and the 90th
percentile is 4.58. Based on the mean score level, displaying the value of 1.00 – 2.33
is as low, the value of 2.34 – 3.67 as a medium, and the value of 3.68 – 5.00 as high
to show the level of internet addiction it is consistent with the level scale in Table 6.
Thus, internet addiction has shown a very agree level where 43.75% and the level of
agree internet addiction is 46.25%. While internet addiction at a not agree level is
48
10.00%. This shows that the majority of internet addiction which is 46.75% is at a
agree level.
Figure 10: Distribution of Internet Addiction
4.3.1.2 Extraversion Personality (X1)
extraversion personality is 2.00, and the value for the maximum is 5.00 and gives a
range of 3.00. In comparison, the median for extraversion personality is 3.92, with a
standard deviation of 0.615. The mean value for extraversion personality is 3.82,
indicating that extraversion personality is high. The skewness value obtained is -
0.118, indicating a slightly negative skewed distribution but normal. Based on
(Daniel, 2018),the skewness value must be between +2 and -2.

49
The value obtained for extraversion personality in the 25 th percentile score
was 3.35, the 50th was 3.92, the 75th percentile was 4.23, and the 90 th was 4.58. Based
on the mean score level, displaying the value of 1.00 - 2.33 is as low, the value of
2.34 - 3.67 as a medium, and the value of 3.68 - 5.00 as high to indicate the
extraversion personality is consistent with the level scale in Table 6. Thus,
extraversion personality has shown a very agree level where 60.76% and the level of
agree extraversion personality is 39.24%. This shows that the majority of
extraversion personality which is 60.76% is at a very agree level.
Figure 11: Distribution of Extraversion Personality
50
4.3.1.3 Neuroticism Personality (X2)
the level of neuroticism personality is 2.00, and the value for the maximum is 5.00
and gives a range of 3.00. At the same time, the median for the neuroticism
personality is 3.67, with a standard deviation of 0.753. The mean value for
neuroticism personality is 3.71, indicating that neuroticism personality is high. The
skewness value obtained is -0.299, indicating a normal distribution. Based on
(Daniel, 2018), the skewness value must be between +2 and -2.
The value obtained for neuroticism personality at the 25 th percentile was 3.17,
the 50th was 3.67, the 75th percentile was 4.31, and the 90th was 4.75. Based on the
mean score level, displaying the value of 1.00 - 2.33 is as low, the value of 2.34 -
3.67 as a medium, and the value of 3.68 - 5.00 as high to indicate the neuroticism
personality is consistent with the level scale in Table 6. Thus, neuroticism
personality has shown a very agree level where 46.84% and the level of agree
neuroticism personality is 49.37%. While neuroticism personality at a not agree level
is 3.80%. This shows that the majority of neuroticism personality which is 49.37% is
at a agree level.
51
Figure 12: Distribution of Neuroticism Personality
4.3.1.4 Psychoticism Personality (X3)
the level of psychoticism personality is 3.00, and the value for the maximum is 5.00
and gives a range of 2.00. In comparison, the median for the psychoticism
personality level is 3.67, with a standard deviation of 0.586. The mean value for the
psychoticism personality level is 3.82, indicating that the psychoticism personality
level is high. The skewness value obtained is 0.410, indicating a normal distribution.
Based on (Daniel, 2018), the skewness value must be between +2 and -2.
52
The value obtained for the psychoticism personality at the 25th percentile was
3.42, the 50th was 3.67, the 75th percentile was 4.31, and the 90th was 4.67. Based on
the mean score level, displaying the value of 1.00 - 2.33 is as low, the value of 2.34 -
3.67 as medium and the value of 3.68 - 5.00 as high to show the psychoticism
personality is in line with the level scale in Table 6. Thus, psychoticism personality
has shown a very agree level where 47.50% and the level of agree psychoticism
personality is 52.50%. This shows that the majority of psychoticism personality
which is 52.50% is at a agree level.
Figure 13: Psychoticism Personality
53
Table 7: Categorization by Mean Score Level of Variables
Variables Level Categorization According to Mean Score
Scale Percent
Extraversion Personality Strongly Agree 60.76%
Neuroticism Personality Agree 49.37%
Psychoticism Personality Agree 52.50%
Internet Addiction Agree 46.25%
This analysis shows that the level of agreement on each variable is
satisfactory or very satisfactory. However, it was found that students were more
likely to feel that extraversion personality, neuroticism personality, and psychoticism
personality had a significant influence on internet addiction.
54
4.3.2 To study the relationship between Extraversion Personality (X1),
Neuroticism Personality (X2), Psychoticism Personality (X3) and Internet
Addiction (Y).
The relationship between extraversion personality, neuroticism personality,
psychoticism personality, and internet addiction was studied using the Pearson
correlation coefficient (r). If the value of the correlation coefficient (r) is significant,
then there will be a strong relationship between extraversion personality, neuroticism
personality, psychoticism personality, and internet addiction. This analysis was used
to prove this hypothesis has a significant relationship between the relationship of
extraversion personality, neuroticism personality, psychoticism personality, and
internet addiction. The study is as follows:
Ha1: There is a significant relationship between extraversion personality and

internet addiction.
Ha2: There is a significant relationship between neuroticism personality and

internet addiction.

internet addiction.
55
Table 8: Zero-Order Correlation Between Extraversion Personality, Neuroticism
Personality, Psychoticism Personality, and Internet Addiction
Variables Y X1 X2 X3
Pearson Correlation 1 .436** .528** .722**

Internet
Y
Addiction
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
Extraversion Pearson correlation .436** 1 .234* .377**

X1
Personality Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .037 .001
Neuroticism Pearson correlation .528** .234* 1 .742**

X2
Personality Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .037 .000
Pearson correlation .722** .377** .742** 1

Psychoticism
X3
Personality
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .001 .000
** The relationship was significant at the 0.01 (2-tailed) level, Bonferroni adjusted
alpha (α adjusted) = 0.0167 (0.05/3).
Table 9: Guildford’s Rule of Thumb Correlation Strength Relationship Scale
Pearson Correlation (r)
Scale Pearson Correlation Stage
0.0 – 0.29 Slight; Almost No Relationship
0.3 – 0.49 Low Correlation
0.5 – 0.69 Moderate Correlation
0.7 – 0.89 High Correlation
0.9 – 1.00 Very High Correlation
(Source: Kotrlik & William, 2003)
56
4.3.2.1 Relationship between Extraversion Personality (X1) and Internet
Addiction (Y).
Ha1: There is a significant relationship between extraversion personality and internet
addiction.
Based on Table 8, it can be seen that there is a correlation between
extraversion personality and internet addiction with a value of r = 0.436, p = 0.0001.
Based on the p-value obtained, the value is smaller than the alpha value set because
the p-value set for the significance level should be p <0.05. This indicates that
extraversion personality can affect internet addiction because the strength of the
correlation relationship is at a high level, as shown in Table 9. This shows a
significant relationship between extraversion personality and internet addiction.
Thus, there is a significant positive and linear relationship between extraversion
personality and internet addiction because the first hypothesis (Ha1) for this study
was accepted. When the p-value is less than 0.05, H0 is rejected then H1 is accepted.
57
4.3.2.2 Relationship between Neuroticism Personality (X2) and Internet
Addiction (Y).
Ha2: There is a significant relationship between neuroticism personality and internet
addiction.
neuroticism personality and internet addiction with a value of r = 0.528, p = 0.0001.
neuroticism personality can influence internet addiction because the strength of the
correlation relationship is at a moderate level, as shown in Table 9. This indicates a
significant relationship between neuroticism personality and internet addiction. Thus,
there was a significant positive and linear relationship between neuroticism
58
4.3.2.3 Relationship between Psychoticism Personality (X3) and Internet
Addiction (Y).
internet addiction.
psychoticism personality and internet addiction with a value of r = 0.722, p = 0.0001.
psychoticism personality can affect internet addiction because the strength of the
correlation relationship is at a high level, as shown in Table 9. This indicates a
significant relationship between psychoticism personality and internet addiction.
Thus, there was a significant positive and linear relationship between psychoticism
59
Table 10: Relationship Analysis Results between Extraversion Personality (X1),
Neuroticism Personality (X2), Psychoticism Personality (X3) and Internet Addiction (Y).
Internet Addiction
Magnitude Correlation (r) P-value
Extraversion Personality Low Correlation 0.436 0.0001
Neuroticism Personality Moderate Correlation 0.528 0.0001
Psychoticism Personality High Correlation 0.722 0.0001
4.3.3 Data Analysis Extent Extraversion Personality (X1), Neuroticism
Personality (X2), Psychoticism Personality (X3) and Internet Addiction (Y).
Identify which independent variables most influence internet addiction in this
study. To study the objective, all three multiple regression test variables were used to
explain the variation in the level of internet addiction. The following is a proposed
linear regression model that has similarities:
Y (Internet Addiction) = b0 + b1(X1) + b2(X2) + b3(X3) + e
Where:
b0 = Constant (Intercept)
60
b1-2 = Estimates (Regression Coefficient)
e = Error
The regression analysis method was used in this study to identify which
independent variables most influenced internet addiction (Y) in this study. To study
this objective, the three variables of the multiple regression test were used to explain
the variation in the level of internet addiction, where internet addiction (Y) F =
31.234, p = 0.000.
Based on the coefficients of Table 11, all three variables have influenced
students’ internet addiction. The three variables were (X1) extraversion personality (t
= 2.308, p = 0.024), (X2) neuroticism personality (t = 0.033, p = 0.974) and (X3)
psychoticism personality (t = 5.366, p = 0.0001) significant to explain (Y) internet
addiction (t = -1.860, p = 0.067). This proves that the three predictors or factors of
the regression model and the study data are supported as a whole.
61
The coefficients in Table 11 have been illustrated for the estimate for the non
-standard coefficient (B), i.e. the regression coefficient for b0 is -0.907, b1 is 0.256, b2
is 0.004, and b3 is 0.904. Thus, the table below refers to the estimated model:
Y (Internet Addiction) = -0.907 + 0.256 (X1) + 0.004 (X2) + 0.904 (X3) + e
Where:
b0 = Constant (Intercept)
b1-3 = Estimate (Regression Coefficient)
e = Error
62
63
Table 11: Estimation of the 3 Factor Linear Regression Coefficients of the Model to
Explain the Variation of Internet Addiction Levels
B Beta
Internet Addiction (Y) (Unstandardize Std. Error (Standardized t P- value
d Coefficients) Coefficients)
-.907 .488 -1.860 .067

Intercept
Extraversion Personality .256 .111 .192 2.308 .024

(X1)
Neuroticism Personality .004 .125 .004 .033 .974

(X2)
Psychoticism Personality .904 .168 .646 5.366 .0001

(X3)
Notes: R= 0.743, R2 = 0.552, Adj. R2 = 0.534, F = 0.559, P = 0.000
Table 12: Anova
Model Sum of Df Mean F Sig.

Squares Square
1 Regression 29.295 3 9.765 31.234 .000b
Residual 23.761 76 .313
Total 53.057 79
a. Dependent Variable: Internet Addiction (Y)
b. Predictors: (Constant), Psychoticism Personality (X3), Neuroticism Personality (X 2),

Extraversion Personality (X1)
64
The R-squared value of 0.552 states that all three predictor variables obtained
55.2% in internet addiction (Y) from the variance. The value of R2 can be compared
and obtained (R2 = 0.552). According to the Hair criteria, (Hair et al., 2017) stated
that (0.75 = large, 0.50 = medium, and 0.25 = weak). Based on those criteria, the
coefficient of determination clearly shows that 0.552, which has been obtained, is a
moderate analysis.
Table 12 is an ANOVA Table that gives the F-statistical value of F (31.234),
which is a large number and corresponds to the p-value, which is very significant (p
= 0.0001). This indicates that the line slope of the multiple linear estimation model is
not equal to the value of zero, confirming that the multiple linear regression model
used is highly significant.
Based on the picture in Table 11, the sum obtained for the most significant
beta coefficient is 0.646 for the psychoticism personality (X3). It is consistent with
the highest t-statistic value of 5.366. These results show that the standard deviation
has increased in psychoticism personality (X 3), followed by 0.168 in internet
addiction. Therefore, this variable makes the most significant contribution in
explaining the dependent variable, i.e. internet addiction.
While the beta value for extraversion personality (X1) is the second-highest
which is 0.192, with a t-statistic value of 2.308, based on these results, it shows that
the standard deviation has increased in extraversion personality (X1), followed by
65
0.111 on the internet addiction. Next, the beta value for neuroticism personality (X2)
was the smallest at 0.004 with a t-statistic value of 0.033. Based on these results, it
shows that the standard deviation has increased in neuroticism personality (X 2)
followed by 0.125 in internet addiction and proves that neuroticism personality (X2)
contributes a minor influence on internet addiction (Y).
4.4 Discussion
The results of the analysis of the correlation test explain that there is a
significant relationship between extraversion personality, neuroticism personality,
psychoticism personality and internet addiction. In addition, the level of extraversion
personality, neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality with students’
internet addiction are agree.
Furthermore, the relationship between the dependent variables and the
independent variables was supported in this study. The study found that the
relationship between extraversion personality (X1), psychoticism personality (X3),
with internet addiction (Y) was at a high correlation, while the relationship between
neuroticism personality (X2) with internet addiction (Y) was at a low, moderate and
high correlation.
In conclusion, the three hypotheses in the formula in chapter 4 are significant
and have a relationship after the analysis and the study. Overall, the psychoticism
66
personality variable (X3) is the most dominant independent variable that affects
internet addiction at UKM.
67
4.5 i Conclusion
Based on the study results, all three objectives have given their results. The
analysis results for the first objective are the level of extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality, psychoticism personality with students' internet addiction
showed agree level. For the analysis for the second objective, all three hypotheses are
supported. Finally, the analysis results for the third objective found that psychoticism
personality (X3) is the most dominant independent variable that affects internet
addiction at UKM. Table 13 shows the relationship between the hypotheses and the
study's findings.
68
Table 13: Conclusion of the Research Objectives
Bil. Objective Hypothesis Analysis Results
1 To determine the level of All variables (X1, X2 and X3)

internet addiction between and Internet addiction (Y)
extraversion personality, showing at agree and
neuroticism personality, strongly agree level.
and psychoticism
personality among UKM
Faculty of Law Students.
2 To identify the Ha1: There is a There is a positive linear

relationship between significant relationship relationship between
extraversion personality, between extraversion extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality, personality and internet neuroticism personality, and
and psychoticism addiction. psychoticism personality
personality with internet towards internet addiction.
Ha2: There is a
addiction among students
significant relationship Hypotheses Ha1, Ha2, Ha3
of the UKM Faculty of
between neuroticism are supported.
Law Students.
personality and internet
addiction.
Ha3: There is a
significant relationship
between psychoticism
personality and internet
addiction.
3 To determine the extent to Psychoticism personality (X3)

which extraversion were the most dominant
personality, neuroticism independent variables
personality, and influencing internet addiction
psychoticism personality compared to extraversion
explain internet addiction personality (X1) and
among UKM Faculty of neuroticism personality (X3).
Law Students.
69
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Introduction
In this final chapter, all studies are summarized and discussed based on the
results of the data analysis that has been made. In short, the results of this study will
explain the hypotheses constructed based on the test. This chapter will also be given
some suggestions for improvement for future studies.
5.2 Summary of Study Findings
The study's findings will be briefly summarized about the results of the study.
The study results are related to the relationship between personality and internet
addiction among students experienced by Faculty of Law students at UKM. The
questionnaire for this study involved 100 respondents. This questionnaire has
sections A, B, C, D, and E. Section A contains demographic data items of
respondents, sections B, C, D on the independent variable that is extraversion
personality, neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality, section E is
related to the dependent variable that is internet addiction.
70
Data were analyzed using ‘Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS)
Version 25.0’ software. Explanations and details of the data must be made before
statistical analysis is performed. The study results were analyzed using several
analytical tests consisting of descriptive analysis of respondents based on gender,
nation, age, computer education,
average spending per month using the internet, frequency of surfing the internet in a
week, and
the time taken each time surfing the internet next to achieve the first objective of the
study
which is to determine the level of internet addiction between extraversion
personality,
neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality among UKM Faculty of Law
Students.
Overall, each level of the questionnaire items had achieved reliability from the
results of the
reliability test and the Cronbach's Alpha validity test performed. Thus, the results of
the
analysis show high levels for the dependent variables and the independent variables.
Next, the inferential analysis used in this study were the Pearson Correlation
test and ‘Multiple Linear Regression.’ The analysis of the Pearson Correlation test
was made to achieve
the second objective, which is to identify the relationship between extraversion
personality,
71
neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality with internet addiction among
students
of the UKM Faculty of Law Students. Based on the results obtained, the relationship
showed positive and low significance on extraversion personality on internet
addiction (Y), neuroticism showed moderate while the psychoticism showed the
positive and high relationship with internet addiction (Y).
72
The analysis for the 'Multiple Linear Regression' tests is to achieve the third
objective, which is to determine the extent to which extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality explain internet addiction
among UKM Faculty of Law Students in this study. The test results explain a
significant relationship between extraversion personality, neuroticism personality
and psychoticism personality towards internet addiction at UKM. However,
psychoticism personality is the most dominant factor influencing students' internet
addiction at UKM. Based on the results of the study that has been done, the
conclusion clearly shows that there is a positive relationship between the independent
and dependent variables. Therefore, all the hypotheses made have been supported.
5.3 Conclusions
In conclusion, this study was conducted to study the relationship between
personality and internet addiction among students at UKM. Based on the study
findings that have been analyzed, this study is to determine the level of internet
addiction between extraversion personality, neuroticism personality, and
psychoticism personality among UKM Faculty of Law Students. Next, to identify the
relationship between extraversion personality, neuroticism personality, and
psychoticism personality with internet addiction among UKM Faculty of Law
Students. Next, it is also to determine the extent to which extraversion personality,
neuroticism personality, and psychoticism personality explain internet addiction
among UKM Faculty of Law Students. The stated data have been proven through the
tests that have been implemented in this study. Finally, the tests conducted can prove
73
the psychoticism personality on students' internet addiction based on positive
responses.
5.4 Study Contributions
Numerous students contributed to research in various ways and other
researchers after this study was conducted. Among the contributions are:
5.4.1 Research Contributions to Students
In terms of contribution to students, this study has provided an opportunity
for students to study the relationship between personality and internet addiction. In
summary, the findings of this study can be used as a guideline to improve the internet
addiction of each student.
5.4.2 Research Contributions to Other Researchers
This study can not only be referred by students at UKM only. Still, it can also
be referred by students at other universities and use this study to reduce personality
problems among students and improve students internet addiction.
74
5.5 Limitations of the Study
Due to the relatively short timeframe for the research and the constraints of
the Covid-19 outbreak, the collection of data from the respondents was quite tricky.
This is because the questionnaire forms had to be distributed online. This is not easy
because the time taken by the respondents to answer the question is quite long.
Moreover, no interview and qualitative approach was taken due to time and cost
constraints. In addition, this study is also limited because this study was conducted
among UKM students only.
5.6 Recommendations for Future Study
Many possibilities can be made for future research. If other researchers
follow the recommendations made, then the results of this study will be better and
useful. Therefore, there are several suggestions for future studies as follows :
i) The field of research should be expanded to overcome the limitations of
concepts and methodologies. In addition, the involvement of more
respondents is important to overcome the limitations of data collection.
ii) The scope of this study is quite limited because this study only involves
students in UKM only. As a research proposal in the future, the study can
75
be done by expanding the scope of the study to involve more students in
other universities.
iii) The time taken to collect the questionnaire responses is relatively slow.
Therefore, the researcher should distribute the questionnaire in advance
for future studies so that the respondent data can be collected more
quickly.
iv) The materials and methods of this study need to be improved. For this
study, the research material used was a questionnaire. In the future,
researchers are suggested to use other instruments such as interview
methods to obtain more accurate information and reliability from the
results of the study.
76
REFERENCES
Agarwal, A., Agarwal, A., & Mallick, P. (2014). A study of relationship between
internet addiction and self-concept of adolescents. Indian Journal of Health and
Wellbeing Indian Association of Health, 5(2).
Almohammadi, K., Hagras, H., Alghazzawi, D., & Aldabbagh, G. (2017). A survey
of artificial intelligence techniques employed for adaptive educational systems
within e-learning platforms. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft
Computing Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/jaiscr-2017-0004
An Analysis on the Relationship and Influence of Pre-service Early Childhood
Teacher’s Personality Factors and Teacher Efficacy. (2019). Journal of the
Korea Academia Industrial Cooperation Society, 20(7).
https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2019.20.7.341
Andrist, D. D. (2021). Coping with illness digitally. The Social Science Journal,
58(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/03623319.2020.1795511
Bahari, A., & Mahmud, R. (2009). Impact of System Quality, Information Quality
and Service Quality on Performance. Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 3(2).
Baturay, M. H., & Toker, S. (2019). Internet addiction among college students: Some
causes and effects. Education and Information Technologies, 24(5).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09894-3
Bax, T. (2021). DSM-IV – Internet Addiction Disorder. In Youth and Internet
Addiction in China. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203796894-12
77
Benvenuto, M., Avram, A., Sambati, F. V., Avram, M., & Viola, C. (2020). The
impact of internet usage and knowledge-intensive activities on households’
healthcare expenditures. International Journal of Environmental Research and
Public Health, 17(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124470
Brandes, C. M., Kushner, S. C., & Tackett, J. L. (2018). Negative affect. In
Developmental Pathways to Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct
Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811323-3.00005-5
Cameron, J. E. (1999). Social identity and the pursuit of possible selves: Implications
for the psychological well-being of university students. Group Dynamics, 3(3).
https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2699.3.3.179
Cavana, D., & Delahaye, B. L. (2000). Sekaran (2000),“. In Applied business
research: Qualitative and quantitative methods.
Chou, C., Condron, L., & Belland, J. C. (2005). A review of the research on Internet
addiction. In Educational Psychology Review (Vol. 17, Issue 4).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-005-8138-1
Coggon, D., Rose, G., & Barker, D. (1997). 02. Quantifying Disease in Populations.
In Epidemiology for the uninitiated.
Daniel, B. K. (2018). Empirical verification of the “TACT” framework for teaching
rigour in qualitative research methodology. Qualitative Research Journal,
18(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-D-17-00012
Dewaele, J. M. (2012). Personality: Personality traits as independent and dependent
variables. In Psychology for Language Learning: Insights from Research,
Theory and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137032829_4
78
Durand, R., Newby, R., Tant, K., & Trepongkaruna, S. (2013). Overconfidence,
overreaction and personality. Review of Behavioral Finance, 5(2).
https://doi.org/10.1108/RBF-07-2012-0011
Elefante, C., Brancati, G. E., Bacciardi, S., Mazzucchi, S., Prete, E. Del, Palermo, G.,
Frosini, D., Bonuccelli, U., Ceravolo, R., Lattanzi, L., Maremmani, I., & Perugi,
G. (2021). Prevalence and clinical correlates of comorbid anxiety and panic
disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical Medicine,
10(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112302
Eysenck, H. and Wilson, G. (1975). Know Your Own Personality. (1976). Canadian
Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 10(4).
Faudzi, S. M. M. (2019). The Impact of Social Media Usage and Addiction Among
Student. International Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 9(1).
Fielding, J., & Fielding, N. (2008). The SAGE Handbook of Social Research
Methods 33 . Synergy and Synthesis : Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative
Data. The SAGE Handbook of Social Research Methods.
Fitri, R. (2020). Efektivitas EFT untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan Menghadapi
Penyakit Degeneratif pada Lansia Ditinjau dari Dukungan Sosial. Al Ulya:
Jurnal Pendidikan Islam.
Fleming, M., & Rickwood, D. (2004). Teens in Cyberspace: Do They Encounter
Friend or Foe? Youth Studies Australia, 23(3).
Gamage, P., & Halpin, E. F. (2007). E-Sri Lanka: Bridging the digital divide.
Electronic Library, 25(6). https://doi.org/10.1108/02640470710837128
Garcia Del Castillo Rodriguez, J. A., Terol, M. D. C., Nieto, M., Lledó, A., Sánchez,
79
S., Martín-Aragón, M., & Sitges, E. (2008). Use and abuse of the Internet in
university students. Adicciones, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.277
Gosling, S. D. (2009). The ancient psychological roots of Facebook behavior.
Harvard Business Review.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial
Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Second Edition. In
California: Sage.
Hinostroza, J. E., Ibieta, A., Labbé, C., & Soto, M. T. (2018). Browsing the internet
to solve information problems: A study of students’ search actions and
behaviours using a ‘think aloud’ protocol. Education and Information
Technologies, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9698-2
Hsu, W. Y., Lin, S. S. J., Chang, S. M., Tseng, Y. H., & Chiu, N. Y. (2015).
Examining the diagnostic criteria for Internet addiction: Expert validation.
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 114(6).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2014.03.010
Internet Self-Efficacy Preferences of Internet Based Environments and Achievement
of Prospective Teachers. (2011). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi
Dergisi, 40(40).
John, O. P., Naumann, L. P., & Soto, C. J. (2008). Paradigm shift to the integrative
Big Five Trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and conceptual issues. In
Handbook of personality: Theory and research.
Kapor, M., & Weitzner, D. J. (2010). Developing the national communications and
information infrastructure. In Internet Research (Vol. 20, Issue 4).
80
https://doi.org/10.1108/10662241011059435
Kasai, Y., Sakakibara, T., & Mizuno, T. (2017). Characteristics of patients with high
lie scores in a personality test. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 39(4).
https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.211745
Kotera, Y., Dosedlova, J., Andrzejewski, D., Kaluzeviciute, G., & Sakai, M. (2021).
From Stress to Psychopathology: Relationship with Self-Reassurance and Self-
Criticism in Czech University Students. International Journal of Mental Health
and Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00516-z
Lee, S. (2009). Problematic Internet use among college students: An exploratory
survey research study. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses.
Lesage, M. (2015). Teamwork assessment with several levels of hierarchy: A link
between education and management fields. International Conference on
Educational Technologies (ICEduTech 2015).
Mohd Majid, K. (1990). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Education Research
Methods). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka, 6014(1).
Nasmith, W., & Parkinson, M. (2008). Senior citizens embrace change and make a
new technology work for them. Electronic Library, 26(5).
https://doi.org/10.1108/02640470810910693
Ng, B. Y., Kankanhalli, A., & Xu, Y. (Calvin). (2009). Studying users’ computer
security behavior: A health belief perspective. Decision Support Systems, 46(4).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2008.11.010
Novianto, I. (2011). Perilaku penggunaan internet di kalangan mahasiswa.
Journal.Unair.Ac.Id.
81
O’Seaghdha, P. G., Dell, G. S., Peterson, R. R., & Juliano, C. (2016). Models of
form-related priming in comprehension and production. In Connectionist
Approaches to Natural Language Processing.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315636863
Powers, D. E. (1985). Effects of Test Preparation on the Validity of a of a Graduate
Admissions Test. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9(2).
https://doi.org/10.1177/014662168500900206
Prambayu, I., & Dewi, M. S. (2019). Adiksi Internet pada Remaja. TAZKIYA:
Journal of Psychology, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.15408/tazkiya.v7i1.13501
Ritakallio, M., Kaltiala-Heino, R., Kivivuori, J., & Rimpelä, M. (2005). Brief report:
Delinquent behaviour and depression in middle adolescence: A Finnish
community sample. Journal of Adolescence, 28(1).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.07.002
Rojas, T., & Perez, M. (2000). Process Improvement Supported by the Selection of
Case Tools: A Case Study. AMCIS 2000 Proceedings.
Rosenthal, S. R., Cha, Y., & Clark, M. A. (2018). The Internet Addiction Test in a
Young Adult U.S. Population. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social
Networking, 21(10). https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0143
Rubio, V. J., Aguado, D., Hontangas, P. M., & Hernández, J. M. (2007).
Psychometric properties of an emotional adjustment measure: An application of
the graded response model. European Journal of Psychological Assessment,
23(1). https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.23.1.39
Ruzzene, A. (2015). Using case studies in the social sciences: methods, inferences,
82
purposes. Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics, 8(1).
https://doi.org/10.23941/ejpe.v8i1.194
Samli, R. (2018). Psychological, Social, and Cultural Aspects of Internet Addiction.
In Internet and Technology Addiction.
Semertzaki, E. (2008). Internet usage in Greek libraries. Electronic Library, 26(5).
https://doi.org/10.1108/02640470810910756
Soule, L. C., Shell, L. W., & Kleen, B. A. (2003). Exploring Internet addiction:
Demographic characteristics and stereotypes of heavy Internet users. Journal of
Computer Information Systems, 44(1).
https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2003.11647553
Tharshini, N. K., Ibrahim, F., Kamaluddin, M. R., Rathakrishnan, B., & Che Mohd
Nasir, N. (2021). The link between individual personality traits and criminality:
A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and
Public Health, 18(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168663
Tsui, A. S., Nifadkar, S., & Ou, A. Y. (2007). Cross-national, cross-cultural
organizational behavior research: Advances, gaps, and recommendations.
Journal of Management, 33(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307300818
Utama, J. A. P., & Wardani, R. (2020). Trait Kepribadian dan Komitmen Afektif
pada Kepanitiaan Psycompilation 2020. Humanitas (Jurnal Psikologi), 4(3).
https://doi.org/10.28932/humanitas.v4i3.2685
Utami, P., & Mubarak, A. (2018). Parenting Model of Child Related To Internet
Usage in Asia. Prosiding Nasional Psikologi, 2, 1–9.
Vicencio-Ríos, G., Araya-Castillo, L., Millán-Toledo, C., & Rivera Flores, Y.
83
(2020). Development of research in brand personality. Revista Venezolana de
Gerencia, 25(92). https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i92.34282
Walz, G. R., Bleuer, J. C., Caldwell, C. D., & Cunningham Caldwell, T. J. (2010).
Internet Addiction and Students: Implications for School Counselors. American
Counseling Association.
Weinberger, M., Zhitomirsky-Geffet, M., & Bouhnik, D. (2017). Factors affecting
users’ online privacy literacy among students in Israel. Online Information
Review, 41(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-05-2016-0127
Widyanto, L., & Griffiths, M. (2006). “Internet addiction”: A critical review. In
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction (Vol. 4, Issue 1).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-006-9009-9
Wood, A. C., & Wheatcroft, J. M. (2020). Young Adult Perceptions of Internet
Communications and the Grooming Concept. SAGE Open, 10(1).
https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020914573
Zalewska, A., Gałczyk, M., Sobolewski, M., & Białokoz-Kalinowska, I. (2021).
Depression as compared to level of physical activity and internet addiction
among polish physiotherapy students during the covid-19 pandemic.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19).
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910072
84
ATTACHMENT A
QUESTIONNAIRE FORM
85
FAKULTI PENGAJIAN DAN PENGURUSAN PERTAHANAN
UNIVERSITI PERTAHANAN NASIONAL MALAYSIA
KEM SUNGAI BESI 57000 KUALA LUMPUR
BORANG SOAL SELIDIK KERTAS AKADEMIK SARJANA

MUDA
Disediakan Oleh:
2190602: IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN
SARJANA MUDA PENGURUSAN SUMBER MANUSIA PERTAHANAN (ZP45)
A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND

INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITI
KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA
TUAN-TUAN DAN PUAN-PUAN,
Saya Izzah Hazirah Ramdzan binti Sa’aid Ramdzan (2190602) merupakan

pelajar tahun akhir Ijazah Sarjana Muda Pengurusan Sumber Manusia Pertahanan
daripada Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM) sedang menjalankan
kajian bagi mendapatkan maklumat mengenai A Study of the Relationship Between
Personality and Internet Addiction Among Students at Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia
Jawapan pihak tuan/puan akan dirahsiakan dan digunakan untuk tujuan akademik
sahaja. Saya amat berharap pihak tuan/puan menjawab dan melengkapkan soal
86
selidik ini dengan jujur. Segala maklumat hanya untuk tujuan kajian dan akan
dirahsiakan. Kerjasama pihak tuan/puan saya dahului dengan ucapan terima kasih.
87
BAHAGIAN A: DEMOGRAFI
Arahan: Sila tandakan (/) pada SATU pilihan jawapan sahaja.
1. GENDER:
( ) Male
( ) Female
2. NATION:
( ) Malay
( ) Chineese
( ) Indian
( ) Others
3. AGE:
( ) 20 years and below
( ) 21 – 25 years
( ) 26 – 30 years
( ) 31 – 35 years
( ) 36 – 40 years
4. COMPUTER EDUCATION:
( ) Attending Class
( ) Self learning
5. AVERAGE SPENDING PER MONTH USING THE INTERNET:

( ) Less than RM50
( ) RM51 – RM100
( ) RM101 – RM150
( ) RM151 – RM200
( ) More than RM200
88
6. FREQUENCY OF SURFING THE INTERNET IN A WEEK:
( ) Less than 5 times
( ) 5 times - 10 times
( ) 11 times – 15 times
( ) 16 times – 20 times
( ) More than 20
7. Time taken each time surfing the internet:

( ) Less than 15 minutes
( ) 15 minutes - 30 minutes
( ) 31 minutes – 45 minutes
( ) 46 minutes – 60 minutes
( ) More than 60 minutes
89
PART B: PERSONALITY TEST ON EXTRAVERSION
INSTRUCTIONS: Please read the question below carefully. The reviewer wants to
know to what extent you agree or disagree with each statement related to your
organization. Please tick ( / ) the answer option that is best in your opinion. Only tick
one answer for each question.
1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Agree Strongly

Disagree Nor Disagree Agree
Bil. Questions 1 2 3 4 5
1 I am a friendly and a talkative person.
2 I pay a lot of attention to what delivered by others.
3 I am a person who likes to meet new people.
4 I usually take the initiative to get acquainted with

new friends.
5 I can liven up a boring occasion.
6 I love working with other people.
7 I like to mingle with strangers.
8 I love the full surroundings busyness and

excitement.
9 I am a cheerful person.
10 I am a person who is easily touched.
11 I like to be free and have fun at a party.
12 I like to listen to someone’s story.
PART C: PERSONALITY TEST ON NEUROTICISM

90
1 2 3 4 5
Bil Questions 1 2 3 4 5
.
1 My mood is erratic and easily changed.
2 I often feel sad for no reason.
3 Feelings of worry and restlessness will appear if

owe.
4 I am an irritable person even about small things.
5 I am an anxious person.
6 I am a person who is quick to worry about myself.
7 I was worried if I found out there was a mistake in

my job.
8 I will take a long time to recover after something
embarrassing happened to myself.
9 I was often plagued by guilt.
10 I like to be alone in social gatherings.
11 I am usually silent when with other people.
12 I always practice what is advised.
91
PART D: PERSONALITY TEST ON PSYCHOTICISM
1 2 3 4 5
Bil. Questions 1 2 3 4 5
1 I will try not to be rude to another people.
2 I like to act in my own way rather than according to

the rules that have been set.
3 I often feel lonely.
4 Feelings of boredom often manifested in me.
5 I value respectful and cleansing nature.
6 I think people are more allocating time to protect the

future with insurance savings.
7 I like other people to be afraid of me.
8 I like to distract my mind to avoid my problems.
9 I feel that it is better to follow the rules of society

than to follow your own way.
10 I always think that I am not capable to do
something.
11 I can easily hide my sadness to go through the day.
12 I often feels like someone judge me.
92
PART E: INTERNET ADDICTION
1 2 3 4 5
Bil. Pernyataan 1 2 3 4 5
1 I surf the internet more than I should.
2 I neglected the more important work to spend time
to surf the internet.
3 I choose fun to strengthen relationships with my
online friends.
4 I started a new relationship with online users.
5 My friend complained about me that often, spend
time surfing the internet.
6 My examination grades dropped because I spent

most of the time with surfing the entertainment in
the internet.
7 I regularly check e-mails before I want to do other

work.
8 I feel that my academic performance is disrupted
due to the internet.
9 I try to forget all the problems with surf the internet
to find peace.
10 I am secretive when others ask about what is my
activity on the internet.
11 I was hoping I would surf the internet again after
finishing using the internet.
12 I found life without the internet was bored, empty
and no fun.
13 I often shout to scold anyone who bother me while I
am surfing the internet.
14 I feel like I am still surfing the internet even though I
actually do not.
15 I often remind myself ‘just a few minutes’ while
93
surfing the internet.
16 I am trying to cut down on my internet browsing
time, but it is not working.
17 I try to hide that period of time I spent while surfing
the internet.
18 I chose to spend time surfing the internet versus
going out with friends.
19 I feel depressed when I don't surf the internet and
that feeling disappeared when I started surfing
internet.
94
ATTACHMENT B
DATA ANALYSIS RESEARCH RESULT (SPSS VERSI 25.0)
95
RELIABILITY TEST : PILOT TEST
Internet Addiction
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's Alpha N of Items
.947 19
Extraversion Personality
.781 12
Neuroticism Personality
.918 12
Psychoticism Personality
.846 12
96
RELIABILITY TEST : ACTUAL STUDY
Internet Addiction
.946 19
.869 12
.913 12
.821 12
97
DEMOGRAPHY DATA
Gender
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Male 28Nation 35.0 35.0 35.0
Female 52 65.0 65.0 100.0

Cumulative
Total Frequency 80 Percent
100.0 Valid Percent
100.0 Percent
VMelayu 73 91.3 91.3 91.3

a
Chineese 5 6.3 6.3 97.5
l
iIndian 2 2.5 6.3 100.0
d
Total 80 100.0 100.0
Age
Cumulative
Valid 20 years and below 62 77.5 77.5 77.5
21 – 25 years 13 16.3 16.3 93.8

26 – 30 years 3 3.8 3.8 97.5
36 – 40 years 2 2.5 2.5 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
Computer Education
98
Valid Cumulative
Frequency Percent Percent Percent
Valid Attending Class 51 63.7 63.7 63.7
Self-Learning 29 36.3 36.3 100.0

Total 80 100.0 100.0
Average spending per month using the internet
Cumulative
Less than RM50 32 40.0 40.0 40.0

Valid
RM51 – RM100 29 36.3 36.3 76.3
RM101 – RM150 14 17.5 17.5 93.8
RM151 – RM200 4 5.0 5.0 98.8
More than RM201 1 1.3 1.3 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
Frequency of surfing the internet in a week
Cumulative
Less than 5 times 5 6.3 6.3 6.3

Valid
5 times – 10 times 15 18.8 18.8 25.0
11 times – 15 times 9 11.3 11.3 36.3
16 times – 20 times 4 5.0 5.0 41.3
More than 20 times 47 58.8 58.8 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
99
Time taken each time surfing the internet
Cumulative
Less than 15 minutes 9 11.3 11.3 11.3

Valid
15 minutes – 30 minutes 19 23.8 23.8 35.0
31 minutes – 45 minutes 12 15.0 15.0 50.0
46 minutes – 60 minutes 6 7.5 7.5 57.5
More than 60 minutes 34 42.5 42.5 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
100
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
Internet Addiction
Cumulative
Valid Low 8 10.0 10.0 10.0

Medium 37 46.3 46.3 56.3
High 35 43.8 43.8 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
Cumulative
Valid Low 1 1.3 1.3 1.3
Medium 31 38.8 38.8 40.0

High 48 60.0 60.0 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
Cumulative
Valid Low 4 5.0 5.0 5.0

Medium 39 48.8 48.8 53.8
High 37 46.3 46.3 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
Cumulative
Valid Low 8 10.0 10.0 10.0
Medium 37 46.3 46.3 56.3

High 35 43.8 43.8 100.0
Total 80 100.0 100.0
101
Descriptives
Statistic Std. Error
Internet Addiction (Y) Mean 3.54 .092
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound 3.36

Mean Upper Bound 3.72
5% Trimmed Mean 3.55
Median 3.53
Variance .672
Std. Deviation .820
Minimum 2
Maximum 5
Range 3
Interquartile Range 1
Skewness -.110 .269
102
103
Descriptives
Extraversion Personality Mean 3.82 .069

(X1) 95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound 3.69
Median 3.92
Variance .378
Std. Deviation .615
Minimum 2
Maximum 5
Range 3
Skewness -.118 .269
104
105
Descriptives
Neuroticism Personality (X2) Mean 3.71 .084
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound 3.55

Median 3.67
Variance .567
Std. Deviation .753
Minimum 2
Maximum 5
Range 3
Skewness -.299 .269
106
107
Descriptives
Psychoticism Personality Mean 3.82 .066

(X3) 95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound 3.69
Median 3.67
Variance .344
Std. Deviation .586
Minimum 3
Maximum 5
Range 2
Skewness .410 .269
108
109
Percentiles
Percentiles
5 10 25 50 75 90 95
Weighted Internet Addiction (Y) 2.11 2.29 2.91 3.53 4.20 4.58 5.00
Average
Extraversion Personality (X1) 2.83 2.93 3.35 3.92 4.23 4.58 4.92
(Definition 1)
Neuroticism Personality (X2) 2.35 2.83 3.17 3.67 4.31 4.75 5.00
Psychoticism Personality (X3) 3.00 3.09 3.42 3.67 4.31 4.67 5.00
Tukey's Internet Addiction (Y) 2.92 3.53 4.18

Hinges
Extraversion Personality (X1) 3.38 3.92 4.21
Neuroticism Personality (X2) 3.17 3.67 4.29
Psychoticism Personality (X3) 3.42 3.67 4.29
110
PEARSON PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION (r)
Correlations
Internet Extraversion Neuroticism Psychoticism

Addiction (Y) Personality (X1) Personality Personality (X3)
(X2)
Internet Addiction (Y) Pearson Correlation 1 .436 **

.528** .722**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 80 80 80 80
Extraversion Personality Pearson Correlation .436 **
1 .234**
.377**
(X1) Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .037 .001
N 80 80 80 80
Neuroticism Personality Pearson Correlation .528 **
.234 **
1 .742**
(X2) Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .037 .000
N 80 80 80 80
Psychoticism Pearson Correlation .722 **
.377 **
.742**
1
Personality (X3) Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .001 .000
N 80 80 80 80
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
111
MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION
Model Summaryb
Adjusted R Std. Error of the

Model R R Square Square Estimate
1 .743a
.552 .534 .559
a. Predictors: (Constant), Psychoticism Personality (X3), Neuroticism

Personality (X2), Extraversion Personality (X1)
b. Dependent Variable: Internet Addiction (Y)
ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 29.295 3 9.765 31.234 .000b
Residual 23.761 76 .313
Total 53.057 79

b. Predictors: (Constant), Psychoticism Personality (X3), Neuroticism Personality (X2), Extraversion
Personality (X1)
Coefficientsa
Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients Collinearity Statistics
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF
1 (Constant) .907 .488 -1.860 .067
Extraversion .256 .111 .192 2.308 .024 .853 1.172

Personality (X1)
Neuroticism .004 .125 .004 .033 .974 .447 2.236

Personality (X2)
Psychoticism .904 .168 .646 5.366 .000 .406 2.463

Personality (X3)
112

Izzah Latest

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Izzah Latest

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UPNM

Z45B IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN

A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

IZZAH HAZIRAH RAMDZAN BINTI SA’AID RAMDZAN

BACHELOR OF DEFENCE HUMAN

(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau

TERHAD (Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang ditentukan oleh agensi)

Yang benar, Disahkan oleh,

After reviewing this paper entitled A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

(Dr. Nur Surayya binti Mohd Saudi)

Firstly, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my family, especially

guidance, encouragement, advice, patience, as well as endless support in guiding me to

complete this research. I want to extend my gratitude to my best buddies, Athirah,

Azreel and Farihah, for helping me write this research.

Special thanks to these fantastic best friends; Aishah, Suashirni. Shahreen.

knowing each other.

internet addiction. Factors of personality in this study are extraversion personality,

neuroticism personality and psychoticism personality. The questionnaire was adapted

of 100 faculty of law students at UKM as respondents. Questionnaires were distributed

personality, neuroticism personality and psychoticism personality as independent

reducing personality among students as well as further improve students' internet

daripada instrumen kajian-kajian empirikal terdahulu dan data dianalisa dengan

personaliti psikotisme sebagai pembolehubah tidak bersandar menunjukkan hubungan

BIL KANDUNGAN MUKA SURAT

11 Estimation of the 3 Factor Linear Regression Coefficients of 60

1 Framework Model of the Relationship Between Personality 17

2 Two Personality Dimensions That Eysenck has 19

6 Computer Education Respondents 39

7 Average Spending Per Month Using the Internet 40

11 Distribution of Extraversion Personality 47

12 Distribution of Neuroticism Personality 49

UKM Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Today, information technology plays a critical role in various areas, including

economics, education, entertainment, and globalization. This has had a significant

impact on a large number of individuals. The expectations and requirements for

mastering this information technology have become a necessity for various

stakeholders, including individuals, communities, and countries. This is because the

capacity to comprehend and apply information technology effectively will enable

organizations to achieve competitiveness. The community must compete and make

full use of the information and communication technology (ICT) information

For illustration, e-Sri Lanka has developed the Telecentre Development

conduct research and serve as a convenient source of reference (Semertzaki, 2008).

Naturally, the Internet provides numerous benefits in terms of global connectivity,

multimedia capabilities, and other features (Lesage, 2015); (Andrist, 2021);

Internet is not only addicting but also provides numerous benefits.

Malaysia is Asia's seventh most Internet-connected country (in terms of

population percentage) (in terms of population). According to 2009 figures,

The evolution of ever-more advanced technology enables users to access the

Today, the Internet serves as an electronic infrastructure for planning, developing,

and transmitting information via web-based education (Chou et al., 2005).

significantly. Internet addiction is inextricably linked to the advancement of new

(in the psychological, social, and occupational domains).

Research can be conducted more efficiently and effectively. (Vicencio-Ríos

virtual door. Additionally, the Internet is available at the University Kebangsaan

Malaysia (UKM), where individuals can obtain information on the university's

neither outsiders nor insiders can disrupt the system.

1.2 Problem Statement

When a technology simplifies human labor and incorporates functions or

development of technology, there are also negative consequences. These adverse

parties and to gratify personal aspirations.

of different online amusement activities. Nowadays, many educators advise their

evolved to become no longer a luxury but a necessity.

impair a student's academic performance. (Tsui et al., 2007) interviewed a professor