HUMAN ACTS 1.

Are action that done by the human person based on knowledge and the full
consent of the will.
ACTS OF MAN 2. Are action that are done in the absence of either knowledge or will of both
knowledge and will.
RULES 3. Protect the weaker class in the society.
MORAL STANDARDS 4. involved the rules people have about the kinds of action they believe are
morally right and wrong
NON-MORAL STANDARDS 5. Are social rules demands of etiquette and good manners
CONSEQUENCE STANDARD 6. It states that an act is right or wrong depending on the
consequences of the act that is good that is produced in the world
DEONTOLOGY 7. Holds that the rightness or wrongness of an action or rule depends on the
sense of duty
MORAL AGENT 8. Is a being that is “capable of acting with reference to right and wrong”.
ETIQUETTE 9. refers to the norms of correct conduct in polite society or any special code
of social behavior or courtesy
MORAL DILLEMMA 10. it is conflict in which you have to choose between two or more action and
have moral reason for choosing each action
CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE 11. Is concerned, not with the matter of the action and its
presumed results, but with its form and with the principle from which it follows
CULTURE 12. As the entire way of life followed by a people and everything learned and
shared by people in society.
CULTURE RELATIVISM 13. Is the ability to understand a culture on its own terms and not to make
judgement using the standard of one's own
ETHNOCENTRISM 14. the belief that the people, customs, and traditions of your own race or
country are better than those of other races or countries
NINGAS-COGON 15. A Filipino attitude of being enthusiastic only during the start of new
undertaking but ends dismally in accomplishing nothing. 
DIGNITY 16. implies that each person is worthy of honor and respect for who they
are not just for what they can do
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG 17. was an American psychologist best known for his theory of stage of
moral development
SCHOPENHAUER 18. According to him Desire for more is what causes this suffering.
CONSEQUENTIALISM 19. acts are deemed to be morally right solely on the basis of their
consequences
UTILITARIANISM 20. Greatest Happiness Principle.
MORAL RELATIVISM 21. It states that no one person's morals are better or worse than any other.
MENTAL FRAMING  22. Is a selective and reductive, excessively narrow way by which a
question or information used to take a decision is expressed, presented, worded, formulated,
categorized and pictured.
ARISTOTLE 23. happiness is the practice of virtue or excellence
ST. THOMAS AQUINAS  24. For him, final happiness consists in beatitude, or supernatural union
with God.
IMMANUEL KANT 25. The deontology is often associated with this philosopher

PRINCIPLES OF JUSTICE 1. This principle is sometimes expressed as follows; “Individuals should

be treated the same, unless they differ in ways that are relevant to the situation in which they are
involved.
FAIRNESS 2. is concerned with actions, processes and consequences that are
morally right, honorable and equitable.
DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE 3. refers to the extent to which society's institutions ensure that benefits
and burdens are distributed among society's members in ways that are fair and just.
RETRIBUTIVE OR CORRECTIVE JUSTICE 4. refers to the extent to which punishments are fair and
just.
COMPENSATORY JUSTICE 5. refers to the extent to which people are fairly compensated for their
injuries by those who have injured them; just compensation is proportional to the loss inflicted on a
person.
TAXATION 6. Is the supreme power of a sovereign state through its law-making
body, to impose burdens or charges upon person, property or property rights for public purpose.
UTILITARIANISM 7. It tells us to aim for the greatest total happiness across the population.
DEONTOLOGY 8. It bases ethics on the idea of duty.
TAX EVETAION 9. It is an illegal activity in which a person or entity deliberately avoids
paying a true tax liability.
FISCAL ADEQUACY 10. This means that the source of revenue should be sufficient to
address the demands of public expenditures.

Identify which type of Political Doctrine (EGALITARIANISM, SOCIALISM CAPITALISM) being

described
SOCIALISM 11 From each according to his ability, to each according to his contribution
EGALITARIANISM 12 People should be treated as equals should treat one another as equal should
relate as equals or enjoy an equality of social status of some sort
CAPITALISM 13, populist economic and political system based on public ownership (also
known as if the means of production
CAPITALISM 14 Everyone in society receives a share of the production based on how much
each has contributed
SOCIALISM 15 it is an opposition to the excesses and abuses of liberal individualism and
capitalism
SOCIALISM 16. The biggest disadvantage of this political doctrine is that it relies on the
cooperative nature of humans to work
CAPITALISM 17, it is an economic system where private entities on the factors of production
CAPITALISM 18 in this type of political doctrine, companies exist to make a profit
SOCIALISM 19 In this type of political doctrine, competition exists
EGALITARIANISM 20 People should get the same or be treated the same, or be treated as equals,
in some respect.

TRUE 21. It is levied by the legislative branch of the state.

FALSE 22. Tax avoidance is the use of illegal methods to minimize the amount of income tax owed
by an individual or a business.
TRUE 23. The power of taxation is inherent power of the state.
FALSE 24. Property rights are fundamental to Socialism.
TRUE 25. Resources are preserved for the good of the whole is one of the advantages of socialism.