COMMONICATION SYS TEM 21054-EC-03

ASs I GnNMENT- 07 Md oubu humin

Eadain abot pectotorm eudtemenit st Ganbmi-

tts
A.
KesaLements o brammcttaS
*The casuti o
ouey gene3aNacd w) biasmuto hdd
be eKactly at a Apeci{ ndue t i a lovg elunalm.

The caoiekzeme should be. xeacdy adjustakle

T A mudk palauide sme tim o madulolam.
t u s t poouide hi peooen Cenue n&n
T t must patcuele distotioles bambmission a6
tellzance
Spectaton Tamsmitters: (AM)
Telephone
T
Te I o tanbretsson: Boondcast Rado
lodioked poen etput
Natiure ptepaalao
Te upply Dreqpuoemenls
c A e m i y dratnan
tFM)
feoer pply Yasiojement
G
*Hhod o me 9afim s6 EM bgal
channe adband olegiophoke
F.M, broadcat
à
banbmutta
T e tt
snstem ued
Te o oeling
Radoed pooe
output i n k
*

AM hg devei oanbttea oith a

Enploan about
block dogharn c3uystal
stobidized
qclated the.
AHexe he c o o e b Jenel
pouoelenel
oScUat tout ampted Jo odeuale
uAng clars C RE anpltiesrs.
 Ankeruna
claAs A clasc
RF S8kal RF
mplis eFfo/P
o3cLlat aple3| Ampuba

Audio
elass A Caue

AFt
AF osclatm
ampbta
Madulattg
&nal
The modlatiug &qna also ampltid o a gh po
Level behhe modulation takes place. T we wamt 100/
modulatiom em Ae rroo modulaIang Aianal
must be 33 t a l porbe. So 1500 tota
perae u to be anmitted, he meclulating poueD
poe
l be 500 W.TRs kahiights Ahe. Jnerd to mplty
e modulatng gnod to an adaanate pococ ene. fe
kes ploce
medulsaton n Jask daisc oRF amplit
enodlat) oudputid Am a v e ohkeh Cam be
be
d ' e t oamimdted.The colle.dts vnoculatedoamais-
ouzed cncait àplake, meddatedvacuum ube
moddat ued a madlatn atoqe. Re aduant-
o f ha Jevd moolatuom is hgh de tto
use o hakly ehhiet ebtieiemy ciass c a m p t s
Te disodanntage ud hat Jonge AF poroe amputio
hoedod to aise malatng sgnal to adeamate
PoO1 leuel.

3 epdan about low Jevel

ansitte (AM) sth block
dngam.
ATRe RE coyta oidado, ad mo atable mebaniea
denee itable. monate, hzh eneney coOie
Agal ot fotelas eemy.
 stbilzed Modulato
RF ySkal Apliieh Annptis
osclatona Atenn

Po
AF modulatang A o ctass A
Arpltrs
pouotes&Ang
AAga AF
onpa f i ,

Te a 4ted modlatang sgnal apLed d te modu-

us

lat n a a lalorg
anal o oth cacen At output o moduulata
et AM une. TRu AM gnal is e n ampliHad
we
ung a can o inea amptrs o duaie ut
poioe eval.The inaan amplfers Com be clos A, AB

B e ompl-ters. TRe nesd ampdrties ana. u e in

avoto v e t m disKALy d AM wave. The
den
awpltude. madulated gnal o n us on3mitted
ung tambmitting amtenna. The btanbistaized med
Laton c n c u t Cam be uded decodero ewel moolulates
hich us to be hamedled. Tte. loo
due to leo pooRN
love) ansmitten c c u l does not e 9 u t e a Joe
Jooe
AF wodulakR pecse &o des us npdted.
tlowene k e oeAall ekttecemuy us m c h dooeN Compadted

ah Jeuel modulatiom.TRi dne to use ot de

etemuy n e a ampAtiay.

4Erplain kot pM mtuong natod doramsmitin.

AAgumHwng mkd of mdisno.t netkd because
FM u
t e modudatng &gna doerti vascs he plkase ot
indisnetly change3
Me e V MY.
Casore, whith
Woatk foinaple
 e o k i y opwathen ok s &yaten cam be d u l e d
wto iso panG as tolous.
The modulatang &gnal xt) is pased ooh a) wm@Ra-

betere apla *to phae modulato.Te csystal

SCllats poocduceatable ummadulated Caie) dhith us
t 6 phae sttea as well as Conbiin
netok
ppleed
kta bulto. TRe qo phae shte p>rodunces a 90 phase
a

ted Casouie. Tk is pplied balamced modulako

aleng t h mocthdating Asgral us, tke Caoi1 used b*
TmodaXon ds 78 shted oth e p e t to o u n a
we zel
ca eN, A Re output poaluct modulaton,
DSB sc a a ie., AM al tkat Caooue TRe
amd Oouiainal CasOue thout amy
ioo &debands
to combinng htwk- Ak
pabe shijt ate athled
we
t oieultant
Ke otput ok CemltnMAn euwoR,
ovecto) addtan ot Ca n d tod sdebands
u
wn-lex u wn.aeaed,ampJtude
a modlataon
Now, wwmoveaae. tenee, amnpia .

debamds u l l alo
ok u n c h e a e 3 . Tkis uT
dio^uUtamt
Jade o t Kev with
tesuAtamt
wmeeae te amye o made by
wmueabe
wmumocdulate d CasUue

aJout Superhetoudne e e w e u wth

5. nplain
lock d 9 a m
Speahetesigoyne Keceves
A
V
Audio
ute)
IF Dema
RF &tage anplti) atod aplfon
Ac
Poroe anpdntie)
Loca
oscUata
 Supeohataodyne Oeceve woks
an pouinuiple og heteso-
Aing which ay meams mA n. The 3eutevers
aA Callad peahetenodyne Suecevehs a bFeqency
ae
z n a 2emerated by stllatoi us mooe Ka
ok
bhameey o teceived

lootk
Superuheteuodue ecetve) main Coupoised o
t l o o i Componenli.
+Kecein Ankenna: The 9e.coiwi omtenna Aeceves
e anal wheh was e n t by torambnuitten. Tt
semo e recexved a n a l toi toUke) perocex&

*RE ampdtel: e oceived aana us td t

RF purftej Kaqe
Ao a o ampty K, asral
distame Jnanmis-
t tenuated o u i ng-
mch a ay fot i Ca
Som. Tt i s a m e d im
Ae deAbled Cooous kememuy a d anplgy
chonse
cose

Loca osilatoi:The coraut bacally

qemehates a
teemey amd oufput us
agna t h a
tized
about AM botoad-
e to mine. ohey w e kalk
ted
intesumeddoate, brawAemay us usSkH=
Cast atem, e
R a t Ampdy mean) docak otxUat) should be

selert Anch n e m ohth is u55 kHz above

a

mcomng anal otoemcy.

CoUuen e n e n
es : A m p moes t e
mine) Jocak
n a m e r a k e d by
Cy
C th amamy ob a d e to
oStaTe). ttere Jioo t t e m t puenemi3
amethe a e m u
be l e d Ao aS to hame
valne.
Jode
Copenent ot heqnemoy*)
t: to-fc
t e m adkate
Z F amapltes: TRis section b a s c o y ampL
otpuk mxe. IF anpltlea poLoutdes
the
eMAitinity aAn) amd electit bamduoidU
teioement) to ecetve3 LF amplters
chanatenistrs kok oo
a9e.
mdepemdent kat
teceied amod eemey as ik wrmks or wwte
Medtate ie eMy
Demoolaton: Demodlakon is pla.ced eocty aftez
tRe t F amplits to dhat censtant reguema
a n d ús demodlatad and mesage &na
Con be e t o c t a om .
*Audio amp Tke Oouainal nal is td
:
o audeo amaltnohich does hot hold diko-
ston noise Rat i t cam Onplity audio
anal o a patclar devel.

Pauoes amputtn: tene, t e anad u tuotkex

amputed pauCulat pouoe Jlovel which
doa

7ke ampltted Aanal

Cam a t a t e oudspeaRe).
Con
tnalyted to Jodspeake corcuit which
Coweb alectical tum o &gnal to i n t
an a d o ound a n a l ahich cam heasd ay

J emer):
tidelty & wmage
G.Dene sematuty seletiit,
eseney
ASelecit. T t asiy to octepk sh elect de-
hemomy amd nejet all ARe
ioed bnd ot
wmudanked emeMere ohcth cam be deeberung

anols. and amplby

Senaitt Tt alilt to tdent hy
weaR na at Otecetves otput.
delty: Lds allkt to S r e p i d u t e e exat
enArCa o
ok ansnmitted n a l s at h e necove3
Butput.
Tmage enency: Tk is am uumdesined nput
eemeyual to atation tuqnemiy tlus (oA
ninws) kuouce the intaumectate heenay.

about FM eceivesns wth bock dagtam

TEplas
AFM eceiver:
TRe RF ampit incAea se) Je aana sforemb
o m nea ohen twmed to
behore amausted
deibned eguemery. ke RF ampltie us desaned
ohadle Jaoge bandwidtß o 150 k tlz

RF
Mixes
LF Limite
Ampl fies4 Annp ie
Disounminato)4
Local
(uned
okcUaXo
Tuou
De-emphasis
AFC
etoork
Dragam o FH
Nlock
AF AmplHes
Superhetercelyne Veceive.

3.3-16 FM Vececes
 e k e intomi RF g a d ob e e m o y tm
s ed to a mine hich also eceives tRe
om doral osCllaloA, A ed hepnemiy
okp
called untemediate. e e m y TF us poodued

ohose e e is ditteme { dota o5cllata

sgnal tad Aanal
Loca 0sclak Tke SeCeve Convet wmcoming
caie hesema to e tF by n doral o i
laka 6 e A Cy hahes Akam mComing kumed
hennemuy. Colptts oscUat ubed as Jloral
used
osculak).

IF Amptea: LF gnoad is ompli{ed by n e

m o e wmbe3 o ampitrers, whfch aaises ke
anA ZF Ama.T t has muuikage lass
AA ou
Ompultes pouowiodin bettes selecttiy amd aa*n.
LmikesA: Lt semoves all ampltnde vaslatiom)
w FM&ma taused by neise. Detterental amp-

JtTen Potefeoted ts miteen.

ate

Diboiminata: Lt iecovetb ke modulatkng gno

Tt Conwertb reueme vaakati-
em IF ma.
vankatnon amd
umIo Cosoespomlng vetage
poroducos modulating ana.
ltwdk: Tt Otedues the, Delatue
De-ernphasis
als tRat n e
mpltude ot hah kememty B Jkem back
hem bock
bosted i n a n > m i t t e ) amd boungs
T* amp-
o hen 6ouginal eel. AF amplttes: AKe
tecovesAad by he
t t s Re odudali aanad
elecital
Re
FM detccts: e speakes Conveti
signal wnto Sownd Argnal
8.Expaxn about the need o A Gc.
A leed to Automatic Conakn Contouel (A Gc) :

mechamism ohere
AkoTmate qain contGtf (A Gnc) is
automatia
aRe oveAall
ovealk
aan o oadio oecoive3 i
iedd actooudk tochamgt Abangik o aecekved
to maintain output at a
na.This is done
Contamt devel.
T2ain us not vaed a pe p u t anal, Cem-
idn a Ange imput aignad, Ren Ae angna
mght porcaby be. distated th aome o amap-

Rtos tenchng atoration Jevel

AGC atked to RF ZF amd mino Atage

he

hich also helps

in úmporoum dmammic lamie
Go-1Oo DB by adjust
teCeivez antemma do
HadO ateceven

deuves dc buas vekaae them past of

The AGC
TReAGIC
amd mike
dateted anal to u y dRF, ZF

Kes 2atns.TRe Damscenduc-

Centbod
Akoge
amue amd
hemcegain ot demices sed in
ake

em athued
Rere oges ot eceives depemds
buns vetage o C u o N N t

ohen Re o e a l mal evel mcheases, ke

vane o a id AGc bias umcaea se Jeodan
to denoae w 2ain ok Contooled Kagos.
Ohen a n e is no igmal o iamal t h Joo
buas whch
valne Jkoe u MAnAmUN) AGC
elt i n amputie) emeAolkmg maiAMm gain

AGnctacitakes wnig tvaugi mal

AToromh tatkons 4uontdimg a cenatant oukpt
9 Eplain alyout Fosta eely disoumünato with
cibicik dogam.
AThe Fostan Sesly coCX peoGalry most Common
ycalled ke Fote3 Seey dixsuiminatn. Tis us
eall hama-oveh om ealy dags o FM, amd
today fe ter date ctos poubaty butte
demodulako ould porobal be used. The Fotes
Seely dioiminata cineuit is chalateuiaed by
uamshone), choke ond diodes used ukn cn-
C Kak toms Re buasis ak wt openation.
COLi& Operao):
a

.
Cp

JA C
FM L AF
o/P
RFC
,voltoje
2
Cu Vab
Bok
Tned to fe D

t i 3.18 Feskes seely Disiminatoj.

3 1 8 shows a tpacal Fose Sesly Discminatos

e pauimay tanR cioncik tonsist os
C) amd L,. C2
Qnd La toom he
eondauy tamk couit Bot
komk cisLcG o e &umed to CaUue
Piaemuy/
Cemkekogemy ob incoming m gnal.
choRe La is de
sikury paK to Aode tecttAs
D md D. Resiso Ra ad Ru o d existons Lae
 o