CHAPTER 4

RESULTS

The themes that emerged from the study of the responses during the key

informant interviews (KII) are presented in this chapter. The researcher transcribed the

audio version of the interview while identifying the themes. From the transcript of the

interviews, significant statements were extracted. These were utilized in the response to

the main research questions on the Causes and Consequences of students

Procrastination of RMMC-MI.

Because the study contained multiple key assertions, caution was exercised to

ensure that the claims were pertinent to the phenomenon. The organization of the

discussion in this chapter is based on the themes which significantly answered the

research questions.

Furthermore, the Researcher Identify these Three (3) students’ to be its

respondents, and in terms of changes in teaching modalities this used to explore the

students experiences on procrastination.

Marky is a 22 years old, he is a third year working student that experiencing

procrastination. Marky, is a hardworking student and somehow tend to procrastinate.

Marky, describe himself as a tall and handsome guy, cloth with perseverance and

confidence. Basically, Marky employed as an online teacher in an international

company, he is currently pursuing his Bachelor Secondary Education major in

Mathematics. In spite of being an organize person he is bounded and lead himself to

procrastination.
 42

Gon is a third year college student under the program, College of Teacher

Education. Gon is a student leader that possesses strong personality and camaraderie;

he is currently pursuing his degree in Bachelor in Secondary Education Major in English

at Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges Marbel Incorporated. He was being elected

and eager to serve the student council since in 2020 up to present. He is an active

leader and optimistic. In spite of that he is still a product procrastination.

JB is a third year college student, he is the target participants because it is visible

that she might experience the procrastination. According to JB, he is trustworthy, a

hardworking and a brave student of RMMC-MI fighting amidst pandemic to finish his

studies. He’s now living at his own, facing the battles alone and in spite of those

experiences he didn’t choose to waste his time at the other things but his time cycled at

work and studies. He is the target respondents because as busy he is, she might tend

to commit procrastination.
.

I. What causes students’ to procrastinate?

Table 1. Presents the Causes of students Procrastination

Emergent Themes Clustered Themes

 Unsure of the initial process to

finish the task assigned; 1.1 Clouded Instructions
 Internet connection makes it hard
for the instruction to be
understood regarding on what
should be done;

 Heavily Bombarded with too much

school requirements and 1.2 Piled-Up Workloads
responsibilities;
 Loaded with so many tasks
required by the teachers and
heads;
 43

 Demanded to perform and finish

lots of tasks;

 Prioritize work requirements rather

than school assignments;
 Busy with work responsibilities as
a call center agent; 1.3 Unsettled Priorities
 Too busy with organizational
responsibilities in school;
 Exhausted from so many
responsibilities as a student and
as a student leader;
 Overlapping tasks to accomplish
as a student and as a student
leader;

 Difficult to adjust with the new 1.4 Coping Problems

mode of learning;

 Difficult to cope with too many

deadlines; 1.5 Racing With Time
 Allotted deadline is too short for
compliance;.

1.1 Clouded Instructions

Instruction on the Internet accentuates the student as worker and the teacher as

coach paradigms. The role of the instructor becomes one of preparing the instructional

environment, anticipating the needs of the students in advance and providing

contingencies. They become Socratic questioners, resource providers and motivators.

Instructors respond to and accommodate learners in assisting them to develop their

own meaning for the material rather than interpreting the material for them. It poses a

real challenge to traditional thinking, or at least traditional practice, but if distance

learning on the Internet is to be successful, it is a paradigm shift that must be made,

Wegner (1999).
 44

Giving a multiple task to do is what makes the students confuse in which task

they should do first. Having a time consuming task that need to read a novel to

compose an answer is cannot be done just in an hour. The respondent found it difficult

to understand in which he choose to procrastinate rather to read a novel.

According to him it is difficult to finish a task when he doesn’t have an idea where

to start, he stated that. “Unsure of the initial process to finish the task assigned”;

“Yes of course I had time to do, but then I am also struggling to finish the paper
that I was making. Since we were required to read a novel ahh.. book aahh.. sa
process palang ng reading that’s a time consuming. So I wasn’t able to ahh..
kong baga matapos yung.. yung, reading process to maka tapos ka sa papers,.
So I failed to finish reading the book on time so delay ang pagpasa ko ng paper
and that’s the sign na I knew I was procrastinating ” (P1/92-98/MD).

(Yes of course I had time to do, but then I am also struggling to finish the
paper that I was making. Since we were required to read the novel book, the
process upon reading the novel is time consuming. So I wasn’t able to pass or to
finish reading it on time, If I were able to read it then I could finish the my papers.
But, I failed to finish reading the book on time so I was delayed to pass my paper
and I knew that’s the sign that I procrastinated”).

The abovementioned statement is few of the causes in student’s procrastination.

There are many reasons why the students couldn’t able to cope up in their lessons and

to participate in the class. Having the poor internet connection makes the student

pissed-off. Internet connection is always been the issue since the online class started.

Not only the teachers found it difficult and challenging also the students who wants to

enter the loop but couldn’t able to get in because of the poor internet connection and

also it cause inconvenience to understand the instruction given by the teachers.

Unclear instruction is the reason why the respondent practicing procrastination

and also poor internet connection played a role. According to him;

 45

“I had ahhh… bad experience during the pandemic.Maraming conflict you know..
there isss.. there iss.. ahh..always a barrier in ahh.. education like poor
connection ahh.. bad weather.so in my study is ahh.. really bad because hindi
ako natutoto..kahit anung gawing ko hindi ko gets ahh… hindi ko ma point out
anu ba ang discussion today in terms sa major ko hard to hard to understand the
math problem in an online and also discussion ahh.. you cannot understand
because sometimes the connection is poor and the teacher like ahhh ihh.. putol
putol sya. ” (P2/28-39/JB)

(“I had bad experience during the pandemic. You know there are always a
conflict and a barrier in education like having a poor internet connection and bad
weather. In my study it is really bad because I have no learning even though I
have done many things to make it understood but I can’t. I don’t get what is our
discussion all about and in terms or my major it is difficult to understand the Math
problem in an online and also the discussion because sometimes the connection
is poor and our teacher having some trouble with their internet connection”)

1.2 Piled-Up Workloads

the relationship of the influence of information overload on student’s academic

performance and suggest ways to overcome the problem of information overload there

are some factors that can cause information overload such as from people, task or

performance, technology and information that may give some impact to students’

academic performance. As we know being student is not an easy task. Learning is a

process to get knowledge. In order to get knowledge, a lot of information must be

searched and get from many resources. Too many information will lead students to

information overload. As a student, they might have other commitment to do and

sometimes time constraint is the issue, Hussin (2017).

Piled-Up Workloads are the signed where the students couldn’t able to manage

their time and being bombarded because of the un-finish task and requirements that are

being refuse to do. Feeling of being bombarded is always the initial feelings of the

students who practicing procrastination and make it as a reason to skip another task
 46

that was given to them. Thus, the teacher played an important role in giving a task, it

should always considering in giving the task that the students always felt of being

bombarded.

The respondent feel of that he has Heavily Bombarded with too much school

requirements and responsibilities; According to him,

“too much requirements that was given to us by our teacher, I am bombarded

from the activities give to us the fact that other activity really requires time and
effort to accomplish and so pag bombarded kana…maka procrastinate gid ko.
pagiging bombarded sa requirements, multiple requirements. And then yun mga
ahh… ahmm.. responsibilities and duties ko sa organization so yun” (P1/107-
114/MD).

(“too much requirements that was given to us by our teacher, I am bombarded

from the activities given to us the facts that other activity really requires time and
effort to accomplish and if you were bombarded it will lead to procrastination and
being bombarded in multiple requirements and some reason are having the
responsibilities, duties in our organization”. )

Assigning them with so many tasks and being required to have multiple

requirement assigned by the teachers and the heads in an organization is way of too

much tension for him. As a student leader it is visible for him that he experiencing

procrastination that allows him to feel being bombarded. Loaded with so many tasks

required by the teachers and heads are the things that he felt along the way he stated

that;

“As a student and student leader lisod sya mag adjust sa time and sa mga
trabaho-onon nga gna hatag sa mga teachers and gina hatag pud sa imuhang
program head” (P3/21-23/JPD).

(“As a student leader it is difficult to adjust in time and also to the assign task that
need to work-out that is given by the teachers and the program heads”)
 47

He also added that aside from having of loaded of works that was given to him

there’s also a demand to perform and finishing a lots of tasks that is piled up. He claim

that;

“Even before, biskan karon na online learning na daghan na gina trabaho subong
ug daghan gina pahimo ang teacher” (P3/34-35/JPD)

(Even before, until now that we were in an online learning, there are myriads of
tasks that needs to comply assigned by the teachers).

1.3 Unsettled Priorities

Every student has their own priorities that need to achieve, priorities that often

forgot the deadlines of their requirements; especially visible to those working students

who are working at day and students at night. Being a working student is need to

balance the time at work and in school. Having lots of priorities, dreams and goals

would lead to unsettled priorities and impact their studies.

Having the dreams, goals and priorities in life somewhat conflict the eagerness to

finish the study. Prioritizing work requirements rather than school assignments is his

most priority that he even forgot to pass his school requirements and tend to

procrastinate. He stated that;

“Sometime inu-una ko kasi ang work kaysa sa mag pasa sa requirements. time
sa work conflict masyado soo ahhh.. wala kana time mag study kag magpasa
sang assignements because lahat ng time nasa work” (P2/48-51/JB)

(Sometimes, I prioritize my work rather than passing my requirements. I give all

of my time on my work and I found it conflict because I don’t have time on
studying and passing my school requirements)

He also added that being a call center agent is not easy he faced lot of

circumstances like he was being complaint by his costumer makes him frustrated. Busy

with work responsibilities as a call center agent is not easy;

 48

“I am thinking na mag resign ma sa ubra ko as call center agent. Every time QA

every time may bad comment, every time nalang gid tapos isa pud abi nga
rason nga naga delay ko pasa sang requirements” (P2/134, 136-137/JB)

(I am thinking that I apply for resignation on my job as a call center agent. I

always received QA, I received bad comments and this is one of the reason why
I delayed passing my requirements).

Responsibilities of being as student and student leader is somewhat difficult,

having these responsibilities at his young age gave him an idea to delay in passing the

requirements and tend to procrastinate. Too busy with organizational responsibilities in

school leads him to think negative thoughts and found himself procrastinating;

“napa isip konga what if this would be my last time na maging officer, na this is
the time na I will end my leadership na tungod.. I really felt down ahh.. as in
amona to damo damo nako late na mga requirements” (P1/126-128/MD)

(I was thinking that what if this would be my last term of being an officer, that this
would be the time that I will end my leadership. Because I really felt down that
this is the reason why I have a lot of late requirements)

He also added that aside from the responsibilities of being a student leader he

felt of being exhausted and doesn’t have enough time to took care for himself. Every

time that he went home he felt exhausted and can’t even think at all he felt draining.

Being exhausted form so many responsibilities as a student and as a student leader is

compromising him to rest and lead him to procrastinate. He said that;

“Tapos every time na nga mag puli koi go konalang gd mag tulog. Enough
nalang gid nga ipa huway ko ang uras nga dapat himoon ko sa akon nga task.
kisa hindi kopa ma atiman akon nga self ko nga mang hinaw kay subraan s aka
kapoy, kag drain kana gid kag nag struggle gid ko.” (P1/129-132/MD).

(Every time I went home, my time is enough for me to took a rest and I forgot to
took care of myself even I forgot to take a bath. The allotted time that I give to
finish my task was despised because I chose took a rest).
 49

Giving enough tasks is what the student wants. However, overlapping tasks that

are needs to accomplish on time is bearable to them. He experiencing late passing of

the school requirements and if he is able to pass the school, requirements he fails to

pass the task that was given to him by the program director. Overlapping tasks to

accomplish as a student and as a student leader;

“ may ara pud ko mga obligasyon as a student leader, nay time na late nako mag
pasa sa academics and kong dili sa academics ma late pud ko mag pasa when
regards sa requirements sa office as a student leader” (P3/35-38/JPD)

(as a student leader I have a responsibility and there’s a time that I was late
passing on my academic assignment and if it is not in academics and as a
student leader sometimes I was late passing a requirements related to the
office).

1.4 Coping Problems

It's difficult to set standards in the midst of a pandemic. Before this all began, we

had deadlines, and they were either met or they weren't. When the pandemic began, for

some high school teachers and college professors, sticking to deadlines was still a hard

and fast rule. But other teachers offered some leniency to students, knowing everyone

was having a difficult time. This system worked reasonably well for those students who

felt unmotivated due to COVID-19, Mayzenberg (2020).

Adjusting in a new mode of learning isn’t easy it needs year to adjust and to

develop learning form an online set-up. Student who used to experience the traditional

set-up of learning found it difficult to adjust to a new mode of learning; this factor is the

reason why the student tends to procrastinate and they experience difficult to adjust

with the new mode of learning. He stated;

. “ lisod sya kay layo sya sa mode of ahh.. sa type na sa akoang nakagisnan as
a student lisod sya, mag compl” (P3/18-20/JPD).
 50

(as a student it is hard to comply since I used to experience traditional setting

and now change to a new transition of learning).

1.5 Racing with Time

Throughout the school year, student’s live by a strict schedule that consists of

school, extracurricular activities and homework. The amount of homework has

intensified, students are getting less sleep during school nights, and the level of stress

is at its highest peak. Students have too much homework that cause unfavorable

impacts mentally and physically. Unfavorable impacts include the loss a lot of sleep for

many students. I argue that students are losing sleep due to having a lot of homework.

Supported by new research showing that “with lack of sleep students have a limited

ability to learn, to listen, to concentrate and to solve problems”.

Setting an attainable deadline is being pursued by some of the teachers and the

student is making their efforts just to meet deadlines. Along with this deadline it cause

them tension to meet the deadline yet, failed to compile the given task and lead them to

procrastinate. Difficult to cope with too many deadlines is one of the problems that he is

facing. According to him;

“ang mga rason dyud sa akon nga mag procrastinate kay ang mga deadlines
ang pas-pas kayo mag hatag ug deadline” (P3/41-42/JPD)

(The reason why I procrastinate is having an attainable dealines and the teacher
who set a fast approaching deadlines)

He added that in terms of the fast-approaching deadlines is time pressure

because of short time allotted to past their requirements specifically to his academic

assignments and also to the paper work at the office.

Allotted deadline is too short for compliance he mentioned that;

 51

“ang pressure and ang time ang short dyud kaayo nga time to comply the
specific requirements when regards to academic and papers sa office.” (P3/44-
45/JPD)

(The allotted time to pass the requirements in both Academics and in paper
works at the office is short and it cause me to experience pressured because of
the short time).

II. How do participants cope with their procrastination experiences?

Table 2. Presents the participants in coping procrastination’s experiences.

Emergent Themes Clustered Themes

 Finding a source of motivation;

 Compare oneself with peers who
are productive to find a drive for 2.1 Seeking for A Purpose
motivation and competition;
 Keep oneself continuously
motivated and purpose-driven;

 Manage time properly;

 Organize the schedule properly
according to the priority of tasks 2.2 Putting Things In Order
by making a checklist;
 Create a planner to monitor the
tasks accomplished and is yet to
be finished;
 Be responsible always with the
needed tasks, and avoid getting
anxious about the future;
 Avoid situations that are difficult
to manage;
 Manage time properly and avoid
getting too anxious;
 Organizing the things needed to
be done to avoid overlapping of
schedule;
 Employ proper Time
management;
 Set feasible personal goals that
can be accomplished;
 Think many times before doing
 52

something or accepting any

responsibilities;
 Create a checklist for things that
need to be done;

 Seek assistance and help from

classmates or friends; 2.3 Call For Help
 Keep the faith and pray to God
for wisdom and guidance;

 Determine the source of the

problem, then convert weakness
and limitations into strengths 2.4 Seeing The Silver Lining
and opportunities;
 Develop positive characteristics
that would propel one towards
accomplishing many things
rather than procrastinate;
 Avoid overthinking by focusing
and loving the self;
 Learn to be optimistic always;

2.1 Seeking for a Purpose

Time management is the key to overcome procrastination. Controlling time and

how to spend it wisely can be learned. You should make a list to follow what things are

needed to be done. Know your priority, decide what you need to do first and what you

need to do next, and so on. You should know how long it takes to finish your task. Do

not do procrastinate. Do not delay a task, just focus on your to-do list that was written

on your notepad. Be persistent on your task. Just keep doing what you are doing. Also,

always check your progress; it keeps you on track to get everything complete. Be

optimistic about everything you do. Always think the bright side. It is better that you

have tried than never Rios, (2016).

 53

Addressing procrastination could be done in many ways, Time management,

despising the sign of procrastination and to be productive. Student has the ability to

address procrastination but in different way. Procrastination must be addressed and

must stop to be tolerated; it is between the decision making of active procrastinator.

Finding a source of motivation is the only way that he can address procrastination.

Being motivated to finish the task early on the deadline can brought us to a happy day.

In addition, he stated that time management will always be the perfect answer to

address procrastination. His ways is effective to him since he deal with his own

procrastination.

“ahh.. I think the number one answer for that is time management, but along with
the time management is of course the motivation” (P1/114-117/MD)

(I think the number one answer for that is time management, but along with the
time management is of course the motivation).

Being pressured by peers is an avenue to reboot the works of procrastination

and to stop procrastinating. His ways in addressing procrastination is by Comparing

one-self with peers who are productive to find a drive for motivation and competition. He

stresses that;

“kong baga peer pressure in a positive way Like maka compare ka na hala tapos
na sila and you need also to finish all of the activities ahh… or the remaining
activities. That’s become the motivation sa part k okay na pressure ko saila. Also
kay napalibutan ko sang mga active na mga member sa organization kag ang
mga study body kona walang lugar ang procrastination” (P1/230-234/MD)

(on the other hand, peer pressure in a positive way, like you tend to compare that
they are already finished and you need also to finish all of the activities or the
remaining activities. In my part that’s became my motivation as being pressured
by them. Also, I was surrounded by active member of our organization; my study
body who didn’t give any place for procrastination).
 54

Being motivated would cast out the work of procrastination, observing yourself is

the way to keep the fire burning in you. He says that if you feel that you are under

procrastination you must end this kind of attitude and Keep oneself continuously

motivated and purpose-driven;

“keep the fire burning and kong pwedi palang nga iwasan nagid ang
procrastination if you feel na may sign na sang procrastination” (P1/287-288/MD)

(keep the fire burning in you, if you feel the sign of procrastination start to dispute
the procrastination if you can as early as now)

2.2 Putting Things In Order

As cited by Newton & Paul (2014) there are three (3) strategies to overcome

procrastination in line with what has just been stated. Primarily, it is important to do your

morning routines. Secondly, do it right now and pass it on to the actual deadline. Lastly,

discipline yourself. You should always know what you need to do, you need to be

focused and to work smarter and not harder

Many ways can defeat procrastination putting the things in order to do in a day

and to be productive is one of the ways that we could use. Procrastination has been the

enemy of the student that battling every day to defeat it. Managing your time, organizing

schedule for a day, employ proper time management and be responsible are few that

could be used to address procrastination.

On the other hand, the respondent has his ways to defeat procrastination.

Managing his time properly is what he always considered. Along with managing his time

properly is knowing what motivates him, because according to him if you don’t have

motivation it is difficult to manage the time properly and to address procrastination;

 55

“to do it… yeah.. you know kaya man ih manage ang time pero kapag wala ka
motivation daw hindi mag coincide kong baga hindi sya compliment with each”
(P1/216-217/MD)

(you know I can manage my time but if you don’t have motivation it is not
coincide or not compliment to each other).

He expresses that not only managing you time can defeat procrastination, it

needs organization of scheduled so that you may not mess up with the things that are

needed to be done in a week. He stated that, his responsibilities both in academics and

in organization need to have his own planner of what task must be done in a week. He

concluded that organize the schedule properly according to the priority of tasks by

making a checklist;

“other. So I think time management is one of the factors. So I have to and I need
to balance my time there are specific task na gina assign saakon sa academic
kag sa organization, what I do is actually may arak o sang planner first is to have
Time-management and tapos yung sabi ko na checklist” (P1/218-220, 228/MD)

(So I think time management is one of the factors. So I have to and I need to
balance my time there are specific task that assigned to me in academic and in
organization, what I actually do is I have my planner, first is to have time
management and as what I have said checklist)

Be responsible in every task that was assigned to you will always lead you to the

betterment of yourself. Do not over think and predict future because this will cause you

to procrastinate. Avoiding on predicting your future will give you peace of mind

according to him. Manifesting on your leisure will result on neglecting procrastination;

“Don’t predict the future just focus on the present and we should be positive sa
lahat lahat and manifesting na maka graduate ta and be responsible sa task mo
all the time.” (P2/162-164/JB).

(Don’t predict the future, focus on the present and we should be positive in
everything and manifesting that we will be graduate soon and also be
responsible all the time to the given task)
 56

Monitoring the task done is one of the things he always do. Creating a planner,

checklist and checking the tasks that are yet finished is his thing. He said that it is

crucial for him to have planner because he has duty as a student leader and as a

student, which has responsibilities.

“and to do list para organize akon nga himoon. Planner is one of the crucial nga
gina gamit ko kay to account my duty sa…anu.. sa duties kag sa..cou..council.
also may checklist ko when it comes sa studies k okay at least I can monitor..
ahh.. monitor my studies, kag I can also monito tong kong anu na ang natapos
ko kag what are the things that I need to accomplish thru with my organization na
may ara sang mga task. so my ways” (P1/221-226/ MD)

(to have a to do list so that the things I need to do is organize. Planner is one of
the crucial things that I used to account my duty in council. I have my checklist
also when it comes to my studies in that I can monitor my studies, task and the
things that I need to accomplish thru with my organization)

Avoiding the situation that is difficult to manage is the only way that he could do

to despise procrastination. It will never be easy if you will isolate yourself to the situation

that unimaginable. He said that as a working student he was experienced the feelings of

entering in a situation that hinder him to do his task ion time. He claimed that;

“specifically sa mga students na ahh third year level kong hindi nyo kaya ih
manage please don’t do that, kong hindi mo kaya ang sitwasyon nayan wag kang
pumsasok” (P2/168-170/JB)

(specifically to all third year college student, if you cannot manage please do not
do it. If you can’t handle that kind of situation do not enter)

He added that to address procrastination is learning to have time management,

not to overthink and avoid thinking negative thought that would ruin the mood to start

the assigned task. He even said that his ways is effective we do have time

management;
 57

“learn to manage your time learn to not overthink and learn to avoid something
na ikasisira ng buhay mo or ikasisira ng sarili mo” (P2/170-172/JB)

(learn to manage your time learn to not overthink and learn to avoid something
that could ruin your life or could ruin yourself)

Addressing procrastination is to learn how to organize your own schedule so that

you will not experience overlapping of schedule. His ways is to mobilize the schedule

and tasks intended for specific day. He also said that to avoid procrastination is to

organize your things and make it more pleasant to the eye so that you would feel any

apathy.

“first, the way nga kana gud nga mga files nga kinahanglan nimo ipasa ug
apason sa deadline. Be careful gud sa tanan kay mao man gud ng maka cause
sang procrastination saimoha. Maka affect sya by the time na ma experience
napud nimo usab ang kanang eksena sa imohang sarili.” (P3/109-113/JPD)

(first, all of the files that you must submit on the deadline. You must be careful in
everything because this is the cause of your procrastination. It will affect your
behavior if you will experience it again).

He added that to handle procrastination is to have time management. This is the

common ways that he always do. Employing proper Time management

“para ma handle nako ang procrastination kay first jud is ang time management
para dili najudt ma usab ang procrastination” (P3/133-135/JPD)

(for me to handle the procrastination, first is to have time management so that

you will not do the same thing again)

Setting visible and clear goals should be the priority to neglect the

procrastination. His battle of addressing procrastination is by setting an attainable self-

directed goal also to set feasible personal goals that can be accomplish;

“set ka ug goal sa imohang self kanang layo sa goal sa ubang tao kay in case na
wala nimo nakuha katong goal sa ubang tao another thing is kanang time
 58

management and mag selt ka ug goal sa imohang self ug dili sa ubang tao”
(P3/135-138/JPD)

(you need to set a goal for yourself that is far from other people’s goal because in
instance if you did not achieve their goals it is ok. Another thing is to have time
management and you need to set a goal for yourself not for others)

He stresses that along with setting a self-directed is to think every move.

Because according to him, he always thinks his move so that he would be aware of the

future consequences of his actions;

“is think every move na imuhang buhaton and face every consequences na
matabo na move na imuhang buhaton kay kana mang gud mag cause kag
procrastination kay wala nimo na dawat ang mga consequences nga gi buhat
nimoi sa every move as a student. “ (P3/138-141/JPD)

(think every move that you will take as an action, face every consequences that
will happen in the future that will cause you to procrastinate because you did not
accept the consequences of your deeds as a student)

2.3 Call for Help

Help-seeking behavior, which generally refers to actively seeking help from other

people is an adaptive means to cope with difficult problems or stressful situations.

Seeking help is especially important in achieving mental well-being. Receiving

psychological treatment from healthcare providers or gaining social support from family

and friends alleviates the distress of mental health problems, such as depression. Early

help-seeking is essential in overcoming depression, as early diagnosis and treatment

results in a better chance of recovery, Feliciano, Renn, & Areán, (2011).

Calling for a help to other student or teacher would never be a mistake. This will

emphasize that the student need someone who will guide them and a person who will

enlighten them. It is not bad to call someone for a help especially if it is relating to
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academic. There are student who were working student and a student leader who

chooses to ask some help so that could refute the future root of procrastination.

The respondent shared that he tend to seek the guidance of his classmates by

asking the right question that relates to academic and to their organization. He was a

product of procrastination yet, he address his procrastination by learning to ask his

classmates;

“Always remember that whenever you feel na you can’t start and you don’t know
where to start always ask question and help sa classmates and sa friend mo to
cut that stigma. I once a product of procrastination and I don’t want to be..ahh..
procrastinator so you need to help yourself gid” (P1/271-274/MD)

(Always remember that whenever you feel that you can’t start and you don’t
know where to start always ask question and help to your classmates or friends
to cut the stigma. I once a product of procrastination and I don’t want to be
procrastinator so you need to help yourself)

Asking God what is the best thing to do will always be a good idea. The

respondent expanded the idea in neglecting procrastination is to seek the guidance of

your parents and also the advice of God

“before you enter that situation think first and ask God if this is good for you or
not and always consult your parents in that situation that you have and or gusto
mong pasukan” (P2/182-184/JB)

(Before you enter on that situations think first and ask God if this is good or not
and always consult your parents in that situation that you have and what you
want)

2.4 Seeing the Silver Lining

 To overcome procrastination, you need to have an understanding of the reasons

why students procrastinate and the function procrastination serves in your life. You can't

come up with an effective solution if you don't really understand the root of the problem.

As with most problems, awareness and self-knowledge are the keys to figuring out how
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to stop procrastinating. For a lot of people acquiring this insight about how

procrastination protects them from feeling like they are not able enough, and keeping it

in mind when they are tempted to fall into familiar, unproductive, procrastinating habits

goes a long way to solving the problem.

Seeing the problem means evaluating yourself, knowing the causes and

consequences of procrastination leads us to have an idea on how to address

procrastination. Searching the root cause of procrastination and the problem why it was

being practiced until now is thing that we must do. The silver lining which refers to the

internal conflict that should be dealt by the person who saw what the real caused of this

problem.

Determining the source of the problem, then converting his weakness and

limitations into strengths and opportunities is the way of the respondent to address

procrastination. He stresses that;

“By learning start to step out with our limitation, that’s when we grow, that’s when
we learn new things and dyan na yun papasok ang transfer of learning where
you can apply your learning sa experiences mo sa real life situation of sa real
world. So amo to” (P1/283-286/MD)

(By learning start to step out with our limitation, that’s when we grow, that’s when
we learn new things and there will enter the transfer of learning where you can
apply your learning in your experiences in real life situation)

He shares that Developing positive characteristics that would propel one towards

accomplishing many things rather than procrastinating is his ways. Addressing

procrastination is remembering where you start and must need to finish it. He also

stated that his ways could be develop by other student like beating the procrastination.

“keep the fire burning with your passion sa imo nag i choose na profession. If you
have the goal to pursue your profession siguro it is the time to redirect our steps
 61

on how to manage procrastination..ahhh… and on how to actually beat it and

should become punctual, be efficient and become competent individual” (P1/289-
292/MD)

(Keep the fire burning in you together with your passion in a profession that you
choose. If you have the goal to pursue your profession I think, it is the time to
redirect our steps on how to manage procrastination and on how to actually beat
it and should become punctual, be efficient and become competent individual)

Participant stated that Managing his time properly and avoid getting too anxious

is the things would always have the impact to oneself. Learning to know what makes

him stress is a valid reason that he could a day without overthinking.

“learn to manage your time learn to not overthink and learn to avoid something
na ikasisira ng buhay mo or ikasisira ng sarili mo” (P2/170-172/JB)

(Learn to manage your time learn to not overthink and learn to avoid something
that would ruin your life and to yourself)

He exploit that learning to be optimistic would always lead him to betterment of

himself. Wearing a smile and choosing to have a peace of mind is logically saying that

procrastination doesn’t have space for him;

“just have a peace of mind, don’t stress. Wag ka magpaka stress sa sarili mo
just be happy always, wear your smile kong saan Kaman mag punta always be
happy and smile” (P2/172-174/JB)

(Just have a peace of mind, don’t stress. Don’t get yourself so much stress be
happy and always wear your smile whenever you go be ahppy always and
smile).

III. What are consequences of student’s procrastination?

Table 3. Presents the results of Consequences of Procrastination

Emergent Theme Clustered Themes

 Feeling of disappointment and

frustration;.
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 Feeling of frustration due to

many consequences; 3.1 Psychological Struggles
 Loss of focus and Blaming
oneself for submitting late or
beyond the deadline;
 and can be very stressful;
 Leads to regret and overthinking;
 Being anxious about the future

 Gets too Complacent and

confident in finishing the task; 3.2 Continuous Reluctance.
 Getting used to the feeling of not
finishing the tasks all the time;
 Feeling of being unmotivated to
finish the things needed to be
done;
 Feeling of regret and encourage
further the attitude of
procrastination;

 Anxiety about many things

especially on meeting the
expectations of others; 3.3 Failed Expectations
 It affects one’s behavior due to
expectations and the standards
set;

 Feeling of getting too dependent 2.4 Self-Doubt And Uncertainty

and of low morale;
 Having the feeling of low self-
esteem;
 Having low morale and low self-
esteem;
 Development of doubts about
one’s capacity to accomplish
something;

3.1 Psychological Struggles

Mental health problems can affect many areas of students’ lives, reducing their

quality of life, academic achievement, physical health, and satisfaction with the college
 63

experience, and negatively impacting relationships with friends and family members.

These issues can also have long-term consequences for students, affecting their future

employment, earning potential, and overall health. Mental health problems can affect a

student's energy level, concentration, dependability, mental ability, and optimism,

hindering performance.2 Research suggests that depression is associated with lower

grade point averages, and that co-occurring depression and anxiety can increase this

association.2 Depression has also been linked to dropping out of school, Eisenberg

(2007).

Students tend to experience mental breakdown, disappointment, frustration

stress and many more. Due to the new mode of learning and other causes which lead

them to serious act of procrastination resulting in a negative consequence of their

action.

Delayed submission of his task, result him to feel disappointment and frustration

because of the deduction of points to his task. The consequence of his action was late

to realize that it affects his mental state;

“then sa part ko gid sa studies ko I feel somehow, disappointed kay late nako
maka pasa kag may deduction sa teacher kapag late na mag pasa.” (P1/146-
147/MD)

(In my studies I feel somehow disappointed because passed my requirements

late and what makes me frustrated knowing that it has deduction point given by
my teacher)

He also stated that the result of procrastination leads him to feel frustration and

unluckily to see having failing grades, seeing the result of his action makes him sad

because of too much consequence.

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“kong Makita mo pagid na may deduction ka, it is quite stressful na kay hindi lang
man isa ang late. Tapos,, have multiple delays of passing my requirements may
tendency gid nga nubo grades ko and frustrating gid sya.” (P1/148-150/MD)

(Seeing the deduction point in every task that you have passed is stressful
because you know that you didn’t do it once but several times. Also having
multiple delays passing my requirement will have a tendency to receive low
grades)

Due to have multiple delays, he experienced to receive failing grades and makes

him thinking of negative thoughts. Blaming oneself is always been the reason of

procrastination it leads him to think why he did such things and somewhat, frustrates

him;

Grades give the reason why students tend to persevere, however receiving

failing grades would lead to blaming oneself for submitting late or beyond the deadline;

“As expected bad grades.. ahh.. may ara sang time nga gina sisi mo sarili and
ma realize mo that time na ngaa ging himo mo ni that’s that’s why ma late ko
pasa” (P2/103-105/JB)

(As expected bad grades, there was a time that I blame myself and also on that I
realized why I did such thin, that’s why I was late passing my requirements)

He added that, because of procrastination he felt of being stress and as a result it

gives him an attitude to be losing his focus to the things that he wanted to do;

“I feel stress and madagdagan and hindi ka maka concentrate your focus ahh..
ah.. ang focus mo is mawawala” (P2/92-93JB).

(I feel stress and I can’t concentrate, also I am losing my focus)

The result of procrastination will be observed in the latter part in which it cause

regret and overthinking. This also affects the psychological aspect of the student. Thus,

the respondent felt that the consequence of his procrastination gives him pain in his

heart regretting the result of his action form the past.

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The action of today will always affects the tomorrow, overthinking and regretting

is always been the part of sequel of their action. According to him;

“syempre. So ahh.. bunga gid sang procrastination Ko kay ang pag overthink kay
basi what if mag sulod ko sa company nga hindi capable. Kay subong daad
halos na nga company are seeking for competent worker. So amona, but for now
being unmotivated gid kag regret somehow”. (P1161-164/MD)

(Overthinking is the fruit of my procrastination, I was thinking what if I enter in a

company which I am not capable of. Because, right now some of the company is
seeking for competent worker; but for now I somehow feel unmotivated and
regret).

Losing an appetite to eat is serious sign of being accumulated with the

psychological effects of procrastination. This consequence leads to put the student in

anxiousness. Because of the results it gives him the reason not to do the task active,

predicting future is his thing and admitting that it leads him to have negative thoughts.

Stating that;

“wala ko gana magkaon kisa tapos maka overthink ka sa mga bagay-bagay na

hindi man dapat ika over think gina unahan kon ang future gina predict kona and
future nga hindi man dapat and cause me to have negative mind-set” (P2/121-
124/JB)

(I somehow, losing appetite to eat and leads me to overthink of some of the

things that should be over thinking of. I always predicting my future that should
not be done and it cause me to have a negative mind-set)

3.2 Continuous Reluctance.

It is well known that when motivation is autonomous and self-endorsed, rather

than externally controlled or pressured, goal achievement is more likely. In academic

situations, autonomous motivation can help students study harder and achieve better

grades. Autonomous motivation is also effective in the achievement of other goals,

 66

including health regulation and playing sports. Thus, autonomous motivation is a

successful means of achieving goals, Ng et al., (2012)

Unwillingness, Excuses, Unmotivated and Complacent are the things that the

student tend to tolerated. Being reluctant is depriving the thought of making a day more

productive, it leads on a situation that makes the student rely on a far deadline and fell

on their own trap of procrastination.

Gets too complacent and confident in finishing the task is the consequence that

he had facing. Having this tenacity that he used to think he can finish task on time

affects his behavior. According to him;

“kaya komani taposon kag balan koman ang answer ahh. May mga amo gid na
nga factor nga nag affects sa behaviour ko nga mag salig nalang gid because I
can do it naman. Also I am complacent sa thought nga ayy sge mag
procrastinate nalang k okay ma extend paman ni ahh. So dira maka hambal gid
ko na ang behaviour ko gid”. (P1/180-184/MD).

(I can do this because I know the answer. This thought is one of the factors that
affected my behavior. Also I am complacent in a thought that I will let myself to
procrastinate because I know the deadline will be extended. I conclude, on that
thought and it affects my behavior).

Feeling of being unmotivated is always been the factor why the student could not

able to start their task. The respondent get used the feeling of not finishing the task

because he was too complacent and practicing procrastination.

According to him, that being unmotivated is an adversity to him to start his paper

done. In addition, he does not know where to start his paper because of apathy.

Difficulty ti understand himself has a factor on pursuing to be a procrastinator;

“Yes, oo na apektohan gid sya. Kay the more nga naga procrastinate, the more
nga gina used ko nalang as excuse sya, peru kay kung mag tinamad ko kag kisa
wala gid ko gana, so yeah.. budlay gid mag umpisa kapag hindi ko balan kong
paanu kag diin mag umpisa papers. And also may ara gid sang internal factor
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gid sya like unmotivated ko to do my task amona sya nga naga exist akon nga
Procrastination kay tungod ma feel ko nga ..ahh.. karon kolang ni himoon kay”
(P1/168-171, 175-178/MD)

(Yes, it affects because the more I procrastinate I get used it as my excuses. If I

get chose to be timid and losing appetite, it is difficult if you don’t know where
and how to start my papers. Also, there is an internal factor that affects like being
unmotivated that is why procrastination exist).

Encouraging the attitudes of procrastination is the practice of active

procrastinator. The result of active procrastination leads to regret in receiving somehow

failing grades and latter part of the deeds that he had done. Being timid on starting his

task always lead him on a result of regret in practicing procrastination.

Feeling of regret and encourage further the attitude of procrastination was being

practiced by him; he stated that;

“I feel regret dyud kay ngaa ko nanag procrastinate tapos mag tamad kanalang
dyud nga mag himo ug requirements kay naisip naman nimo na ok ra man ma late.
Kaya ato na feel gid nako ang regret. tamad kanalang dyud” (P3/126-128/JPD)

(I feel regret because why I procrastinate and being timid to start making my
requirements, having the thought that it is okay to be late. At the end I feel regret).

3.3 Failed Expectations

Sometimes, we put extremely high expectations on certain people. It’s inevitable,

something we all do rather frequently: thinking that your partn er should support you in

everything you do without disagreeing, expecting that your friends or family will solve all

of your problems, expecting that they be there every time you need them. Establishing

extremely high expectations for the people around us can also be a form of coercion, an

almost moral obligation that they fulfill our desires. It’s a way to take away their

freedom, when in reality, the only person we should rely on completely is ourselves.

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Expectation always lead to disappointment, having a higher expectation in every

works and efforts that was being put in a task gives us hope to receive higher grades

and applaud by people. Negative thoughts are the reason why he felts of having

responsibilities to achieve the expectation of others.

Anxiety about many things especially on meeting the expectations of others is the

things he always dealt. He over look for the expectation of others that makes him stress.

Stated that;

“effect saakon ug ang consequences kay tungod sa mga expectation nga to is

ang stress.ah stress as a student kay grabi na ang expectation sa mga tao ihh
saimoha tapos ikaw pud na student naga overthink ka what if ma fail ko, unsa
ang ma storya sa ubang tao ug sa mga teachers na taas ang expectation sa
akoa ana sya” (P3/81-85/JPD).

(the effects and the consequences of this to me is leading me to be stress, stress

as students because of the expectation of others. As a student I overthink what if
I fail, what would be the say of other people and other teachers who has higher
expectation to me)

He added that due to have higher expectation that he pleases to meet, it affects

his behavior towards meeting other people. In addition, he reiterates that the standard

was set to him contributed to his anxiety and stresses;

“standard ug nay expectation saimoha ma apektohan gid imohang behavior”

(P3/88-89/JPD)

(The standard and expectation to you affects your behavior).

3.4 Self-Doubt and Uncertainty

Uncertainty about one’s ability in performance situations suggests the prospect of

failure and can prompt defensive, protective behavior. Self-handicapping is a good

example of this class of self-protective actions. Thus, the evidence suggests that

feelings of self-doubt pose a threat to self-esteem. Indeed, it seems likely that those
 69

chronically high in self-doubt, as evidenced by their greater propensity to engage in self-

protective behavior, are especially likely to interpret self-doubt as threatening. It also

follows that unless steps are taken to set aside or alleviate the feelings of doubt, self-

esteem may be damaged and decline, Hermann & Leonardelli (2002)

Doubting oneself is a common experience that faced by every student who

had high expectation to themselves. Student who doubting himself is battling from

irregularity thoughts of deriving the goals and their dreams; Reminiscing the failure and

disappointment of others gives a strong reason to build a self-doubt and uncertainty.

The respondent experience feeling of getting too dependent and of low morale,

these feelings are the consequences of practicing procrastination. Being too dependent

would always lead to passive procrastination;

“mas ma feel nimo kong paano kana maging luya ka as person and paano
maging dependent” (P3/91-92/JPD)

(You will going to feel of being apathy and to be dependent).

The respondent observed the attitude of tolerating procrastination that leads him

to have low self-esteem. He said that procrastination would always bring him of losing

interest because of lowering his self-esteem;

“first is ang observe nako while naka procrastinate nako kay ma feel gud nako
nga down ka sa imohang sarili” (P3/95-96/JPD)

(First I observed that while I am procrastinating I felt down to myself)

He added that the result of procrastination affected his morale and his self-

esteem, he believes that the sequel of what he did mirrors his attitudes and

experiencing pain because of behavioural procrastination;

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“murag maka feel ka sa imong sarili ug kabobot-on na pain and kanang gud ang
maka feel ka ug down sa imohang sarili kay naga procrastinate ka”
(P3/93-97/JPD)

(Like you tend to feel on yourself the pain and you can feel down to yourself
because you procrastinate)

Expressing his thought is coerce for him, setting his standard in finishing the task

on time is the right way for him to despise procrastination. Thus, setting the deadlines

put him to procrastination. He stated that;

“Tapos maisip nimo na what if mag ing ani dyapon ko ug sa sunod nga panahon
nag set ko ug deadline sa akoang self kag sad to say wala ko na achieve grabi
na procrastination ang akoang na experience by that time” (P3/104-108/JPD)

(I was able to experience severe procrastination and then you might think that
what if I will get used to this until next year. I have had set a deadline intended for
myself, but sad to say I didn’t achieve it.)