B.

Sc (University Of Ruhuna)
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p;=ri %

mdo y;rlska iukaú; ixjD; ;, rEmh p;=ri%hla f,i yeÈkafõ' úúO p;=ri% j¾. we;'

 iup;=ri%h

mdo ish,a,u È.ska iudk fõ' ish¨u fldaK 90°fõ'

 iDcqfldaKdi%h
mdo folla È.ska iudk jk w;r b;sß mdo fol o tlsfklg iudk fõ'

 frdïnih
iïuqL mdo tlsfklg iudka;r fõ' úl¾K tlsfklg ,ïNl yd
iuÉfPaokh fjñka fþokh fõ'

 ;%mSishu
iïuqL mdo hq.,la muKla iudka;r p;=ri%h ;%mSishu f,i y÷kajhs'

 iudka;rdi%h
iïuqL mdo tlsfklg iudk yd iudka;r fõ'
iïuqL fldaK iudk fõ'

fuu tallh ;=< § iudka;rdi% ms<sn| jeäÿr wOHhkh lrkq ,nhs'

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m%fïhh - ^idOkh oek.; hq;=h&

iudka;rdi%hl"
(i) iïuqL mdo iudk fõ'
(ii) iïuqL fldaK iudk fõ'
(iii) tla tla úl¾Kh u.ska iudka;rdi%fha j¾.M,h iuÉfþokh lrhs'
D C
o;a;h (- ABCD iudka;rdi%hls'
id'l'hq (- (i) AB = DC yd AD = BC nj
̂ C = A𝐵̂C yd B𝐴̂D = B𝐶̂ D nj
(ii) A𝐷
A B
(iii) ABD ∆ j¾.M,h = BCD ∆ j¾.M,h nj
ks¾udKh (- BD úl¾Kh hd lrkak'
idOkh (- ABCD iudka;r neúka
AB // DC, AD // BC fõ'

ABD ∆ , BCD ∆ i,ld"

A𝐵̂D = B𝐷
̂ C ^taldka;r fldaK&

̂ B = C𝐵̂C ^taldka;r fldaK&

A𝐷

BD fmdÿ mdohls'

∴ ABD ∆ ≡ BCD ∆ ^flda'flda'md&

∴ (i) AB = DC

(ii) B𝐴̂D = B𝐶̂ D

tfukau AC hd lsßu u`.ska ks¾udKh jk ABC ∆ ≡ ADC ∆ nj fmkaúh yelsh'

(iii) ABD ∆ ≡ BCD ∆ neúka ABD ∆ j¾.M,h = BCD ∆ j¾.M,h

tfukau by; mßÈ AC hd lsßu u`.ska ABC ∆ j¾.M,h = ADC ∆ j¾.M,h nj fmkaúh yelsh'
D C

A B
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m%fïhh

p;=ri%hl iïuqL mdo hq., iudk kï th iudka;rdi%hls'

o;a;h (- ABCD p;=ri%fha AB = DC yd AD = BC fõ'

id'l'hq (- ABCD iudka;rdi%hla nj
ks¾udKh (- BD úl¾Kh hd lrkak'
idOkh (- ABD ∆ iy BCD ∆ fha"

AB = DC, ^o;a;h&

AD =BC ^o;a;h&

BD fmdÿ mdohls'

∴ ABD ∆ ≡ BCD ∆ ^md'md'md&

∴ A𝐵̂D = B𝐷
̂C

kuq;a tajd taldka;r fldaK fõ'

∴ AB // DC úh hq;=h'

̂ B = D𝐵̂C
tf,iu A𝐷

kuq;a fïjdo taldka;r fldaK fõ'

∴ AD // BC úh hq;=h'

by; idOkhg wkqj ABCD p;=ri%fha AB // DC yd AD // BC fõ' ∴ ABCD iudka;rdi%hls'

m%fïhh

p;=ri%hl tla iïuqL mdo hq.,hla iudk yd iudka;r fõ kï" th iudka;rdi%hls'

o;a;h (- ABCD p;=ri%fha AB = DC yd AB // DC fõ' D C

id'l'hq (-ABCD iudka;rdi%hla nj
ks¾udKh (- BD úl¾Kh hd lrkak'

A B

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idOkh (- AB // CD neúka

A𝐵̂D =B𝐷
̂ C ^taldka;r fldaK&

∴ ABD ∆ yd BCD ∆ fha"

AB = CD ^o;a;h&

A𝐵̂D =B𝐷
̂C "

BD fmdÿ mdohls' ^ks¾udKh&

∴ ABD ∆ ≡ BCD ∆ ^md'flda'md&

∴ AD = BC

ABCD p;=ri%fha AB = DC yd AD = BC fõ'

∴ ABCD iudka;rdi%hls'

m%fïhh

p;=ri%hl iïuqL fldaK iudk fõ kï" th iudka;rdi%hls'

D C

o;a;h (- ̂ C yd B𝐴̂D = B𝐶̂ D fõ'

ABCD p;=ri%fha A𝐵̂C = A𝐷
id'l'hq (- ABCD iudka;rdi%hla nj
idOkh (- A𝐵̂C =A𝐷
̂C (A) A B

B𝐴̂D =B𝐶̂ D (B)

(A) + (B) ka"

A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D = A𝐷
̂ C + B𝐶̂ D (C)

kuq;a p;=ri%hl wNHka;r fldaK j, ftlHh 360° ls'

A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D + A𝐷
̂ C + B𝐶̂ D = 360°

(C) g wkqj"

A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D + A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D = 360°

2(A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D) = 360°

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A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D = 180°

kuq;a fïjd ñ;%fldAK jk neúka AD // BC fõ'

(B) g wkqj" B𝐶̂ D = B𝐴̂D (D)

(A) + (D) ka" A𝐵̂C + B𝐶̂ D = A𝐷

̂ C + B𝐶̂ D (E) 2(A𝐵̂C + B𝐶̂ D) = 180

A𝐵̂C + B𝐴̂D + A𝐷
̂ C + B𝐶̂ D = 360° kuq;a fïjd ñ;%fldAK jk neúka AB // DC

A𝐵̂C + B𝐶̂ D + A𝐷
̂ C + B𝐴̂D = 360° ABCD p;=ri%fha AB // DC yd AD // BC fõ

(C) g wkqj" A𝐵̂C + B𝐶̂ D + (A𝐵̂C + B𝐶̂ D) = 360° ∴ ABCD iudka;rdi%hls'

m%fïhh

p;=ri%hl úl¾K tlsfkl iïÉfPaokh fõ kï" th iudka;rdi%hls'

D C o;a;h - ABCD p;=ri%fha AC yd BD úl¾K O ys§
fPaokh fõ'
AO = OC yd BO = OD fõ'
O
id'l'hq'= ABCD iudka;rdi%hla nj

A B

idOkh = AOB ∆ yd DOC ∆fha

= AO = OC ^o;a;h&

= BO = OD ^o;a;h&

A𝑂̂B = D𝑂̂C ^m%;suqL fldaK&

∴ AOB ∆  𝐷𝑂𝐶 ∆ ^md'flda'md'&

∴ AB = DC

tfukau" A𝐵̂O = D𝐶̂ O

túg" A𝐵̂D = D𝐶̂ A

tajd taldka;r fldaK fõ' ∴ AB // DCfõ'

ABCD p;=ri%fha AB = DC yd DC yd AB // DC jk neúka

ABCD iudka;rdi%hla fõ'

PUBUDU S.KUMARA MATHEMATICS
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wNHdi ud,dj 1
(1) my; olajd we;s rEmj, bx.%Sis wËr j,ska olajd we;s fldaK j, w.h fidhkak
(i)

A a 650
B

b c
D C

(ii)

b a

e c d 700

(2) fuys oelafjk rEmfha ABCD iudka;rdi%hls. DC = ED fjs. AED ;%SfldaKfha j¾.M,h ABCD
iudka;rdi%fha j¾.M,fhka yß wvla nj idOkh lrkak.

A B

E D C

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wNHdi ud,dj 2

1' ABC ;%sfldaKfha 𝐵𝐴̂𝐶 ys iuÉfPaolh BC mdoh D ys oS iuÉfPao lrhs' AD = DE jk

fia AD f¾Ldj E olajd os.a lr we;'
(i). ABEC iudka;rdi%hla nj
(ii). AC = CE nj idOkh lrkak'

2' fuu rEmfha 𝐵𝐴̂𝐶 = 𝐴𝐶̂ 𝐷 yd AB = DC fõ'

AD // BC yd AD = BC nj idOkh lrkak'

3' ABCD iudka;rdi%hls' tys AB, BC, CD yd DA mdoj, uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska P, Q,R
yd S fõ'
(i). 𝐴𝑃𝑆∆ ≡ 𝑄𝐶𝑅 ∆ nj
(ii). PQRS iudka;rdi%hla nj idOkh lrkak'

4' LMNO iudka;rdifha OM úl¾Khg L yd N isg w`osk ,o ,ïn f¾Ld ms<sfj<ska LX

yd NY fõ'
(i). LX = NY yd
(ii). LXNY iudka;rdi%hla nj idOkh lrkak'

5' ABCD p;=rY%fha AB // DC fõ' AB u; X ,laIHh msysgd we;' os.a lrk ,o DC u;

Y ,laIHh msysgd we;af;a XB = CY jk mßos h' XBYC iudka;rdi%hla nj idOkh
lrkak'

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6' ABCD iudka;rdi%fha 𝐷𝐴𝐵 ys iuÉfPaohlg DC mdoh Y ys oS yuq fõ' 𝐷𝐶𝐵 ys

iuÉfPaolhg AB mdoh X ys oS yuq fõ' AXCY iudka;rdi%hla nj idOkh lrkak'

7' ABCD iudka;rdi%fha AD yd BC mdo u; X yd Y ,laIHh msysgd we;af;a DX = BY

jk mßos h' iudka;rdi%fha úl¾K O ys oS tlsfkl fPaokh fõ'
(i). BYDX iudka;rdi%hla nj
(ii). XOY ir, f¾Ldjla nj idOkh lrkak'

8' ABCD iup;=ri%fha" DB = BY jk mßos DB mdoh Y olajd o" CB = BX jk mßos CB

mdoh X olajd o os.a lr we;'
(i). XYDC iudka;rdi%hla nj
(ii). DC = XY nj
(iii). AXYB iudka;rdi%hla nj idOkh lrkak'

PUBUDU S.KUMARA MATHEMATICS