hdka;% úoHdj Advanced Level - Physics

Amith Pussella
f¾Çh p,s;h (Linear Motion) PHT5310 2021Th 2019-05-20

p,s;h (Motion) - 01 p,s;h ms<sn| uQ,sl ye¢kaùu iy p,s; iólrK

úYajfha isÿjk p,s;hka idOdrK jYfhka j¾. ;=klg fjkal, yelsh'
f¾Çh p,s;h fyj;a W;a;drK p,s;h N%uK p,s;h ir, wkqj¾;Sh p,s;h
úYajfha isÿjk fndfyda p,s;hka by; tl j¾.hlg muKla hehs iSudl, fkdyel' fndfyduhla
p,s;hka tu p,s; j, ñY%Khls' fuys§ wm f¾Çhj isÿjk p,s; ms<sn|j i,ld n,kq ,efí'

p,s;h (Motion)
ld,h iuÕ lsishï jia;=jl msysàu fjkia jkafka kï tu jia;=j p,s; fõ hehs lshkq ,efí' fuh
fydÈka w¾: ±laùug msysgqï ffoYslh w¾: olajuq'

msysgqï ffoYslh ^ úia:dmkh& Displacement P

l
msysgqu okakd ksYap, hehs iïu; lr.;a 0 keu;s ,laIhl isg P g we;s
fláu ÿr ÈYdjla iu. bÈßm;al, úg o g idfmaCIj P ys úia:dmkh
fyj;a P ys msysgqï ffoYslh ksrEmkh fõ'
θ
p,s;h 0

ld,h iuÕ O g idfmaCIj P ys msysgqu úia;r lrk ffoYslh fjkia fõ kï" O g idfmaCIj P p,kh
jkafka hehs lshkq ,efí' ksrfmaCI jYfhka lsisjla ksYap, hehs ie,lsh fkdyel' tkï ish¿u p,s;
idfmaCI fõ' fï wkqj lsishï p,s;hla úia;r lsÍfï§ hula ksYap,j we;ehs i,ld Bg idfmaCIj ;j;a
fohl p,s;h úia;r lrkq ,efí' ñka bÈßhg fmd<jg idfmaCI jQ f¾Çh ud¾.hl p,s; jk jia;+kaf.a
p,s; ms<sn|j yodrkq ,efí'

ÿr (Distance)
jia;=jla p,kh jQ úg th p,kh jQ m:fha iïmQ¾K È.
.uka l, ÿr f,i yeÈkafõ'fuys we;s rEmfha O isg D
olajd iuk,hd .ukal, lv bßka ±lafjk m:fha È."
ÿrfõ'

fõ.h
lsishï jia;=jl ÿr fjkia ùfï iS>%;djh fõ.h f,i
w¾: ±lafõ'
ÿr
fõ.h =
ld,h
s
V =
t s = Vt

úiª wNHdi - 01
72 km h-1 fõ.h ms-1 j,ska m%ldY lrkak'
úi÷u
V = 72 kmh-1 km 1000
V = 72 V = 72 x ms-1
h 3600
5
V = 72 x ms-1 V = 20 ms-1
18
km h-1 j,ska m%fõ.hla § we;s úg th ms-1 lsÍug wod, m%fõ.h 5/18 .=K lrkak'

PHT 5310 1 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

 úiª wNHdi - 02
jia;=jla 15 km h-1 ksh; fõ.fhka ir, f¾Çhj .uka lrhs'
(i). ñks;a;= 3 l§ .ukal, ÿr fldmuK o @
(ii). 200 m l ÿrla .uka lsÍug .;jk ld,h fldmuK o @
úi÷u
(i). V = 15 km h-1 igyk
V = 15 x 5/18 ms-1 fuys km h-1 , ms-1 g mßj¾;kh
V = 25 / 6 ms-1 fkdlr .eg¿j úiÈh yelsfõ'
∆s V = 15 km h-1
V = t = 3 min = 1/20 h
∆t
s = Vt s = Vt
25 s = 15 x 1/20
s =
6
x 3 x 60 s = 3/4 km
s = 750 m s = 750 m

(ii). s = vt
25
200 = x t
6
t = 48 s

by; .eg¿ fN!;sl úoHdfõ b;du m%d:ñl .eg¿fõ' fïjd ufkdaufhka úi|kak" mqreÿjkak'

m%fõ.h ( Velocity)
úia:dmkh fjkia ùfï iS>%;djh m%fõ.h f,i ye¢kafõ'
úia : dmk fjki
m% f õ.h =
.;jQ ld,h
∆ s
V =
∆ t

w m%fõ.fha tall = ms-1 ^;;amrhg ógr& w m%fõ.fha udk = L T-1

w m%fõ.h ffoYsl rdYshla fõ'

idudkH fõ.h ( Average Speed )

hï jia;=jl hï p,s;hl § .ukal, uq¿ ÿr" .;jQ uq¿ ld,fhka fn§fuka idudkH fõ.h ,efí'
.uka l, uq ¿ ÿr
idudkH fõ.h =
.;jQ uq ¿ ld,h

idudkH m%fõ.h ( Average Velocity )

hï jia;=jla hï p,s;hl§ isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkh S1 S2 S3
.;jQ uq¿ ld,fhka fn§fuka idudkH m%fõ.h ,efí' A t1 B t2 C t3 D
S1 = AB úia:dmkh S2 = BC úia:dmkh S3 = CD úia:dmkh
t1 = A isg B olajd hdug .;jQ ld,h
t2 = B isg C olajd hdug .;jQ ld,h
t3 = C isg D olajd hdug .;jQ ld,h
is ÿ l, uq ¿ úia : dmkh
idudkH m% f õ.h = .;jQ uq ¿ ld,h
S1 + S2 + S3
Va =
t1 + t2 + t3
PHT 5310 2 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
 úiª wNHdi - 03
A, B iy C hkq ir, f¾Çh ud¾.hl AB = 40 km iy BC = 90 km jk fia msysá ,laIH ;=kls'
ldka;djla A isg B olajd 10 km h-1 l iy B isg C olajd 15 km h-1 l m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs'
(a). A isg B olajd hdug .;jk ld,h 40 km 90 km
(b). B isg C olajd hdug .;jk ld,h
A B C
(c). A isg C olajd .uka lsÍfï§ idudkH m%fõ.h fidhkak' -1 -1
V1 = 10 km h V2 = 15 km h
úi÷u
(a). S = Vt (b). S = V t S1 + S2 40 + 90
(c). Va = =
40 = 10 x t1 90 = 15 t2 t1 + t2 4+6
t1 = 4h t2 = 6 h Va = 13 km h-1

úiª wNHdi - 04
ñksfil=f.a 190 s l§ kef.kysr foig 400 m la .uka lr bkamiq ngysr foig 50 s l§ 100 m .uka
lrhs'
(a). Tyqf.a idudkH fõ.h
(b). iïmQ¾K .uk ;=, idudkHh m%fõ.h fidhkak'
úi÷u
uq¿ ÿr isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkh
(a). idudkH fõ.h = (b). idudkH fõ.h =
.;jQ ld,h .;jQ uq¿ ld,h
400 + 10 500 Va 400 - 300 300
= = = =
190 + 50 240 240 240
= 25/12 = 2.08 ms-1 Va = 5/4 = 1.25 ms-1

úiª wNHdi - 05
r:hla § we;s ksYaÑ; ld,hla ;=, p,s;fha V1 m%fõ.fhka m<uq w¾O ld,h o" V2 m%fõ.fhka fojk
w¾O ld,h o .uka lrhs' r:fha uOHkH m%fõ.h fidhkak'

úi÷u
V1 → V2 →
A - B olajd p,s;hg B - C olajd p,s;hg S1 S1
S = Vt S = Vt
A t B t C
S 1 = V 1t S2 = V2 t

uq¿ úia:dmkh
idudkH m%fõ.h =
.;jQ uq¿ ld,h
S 1 + S2
Va =
2t
V1t + V2 t
Va =
2t
V1 + V2
Va =
2

úiª wNHdi - 06
r:hla isÿlrk hï p,s;hl§ m<uq w¾Oh V1 m%fõ.fhka o" fojk w¾Oh V2 m%fõ.fhka o .uka lrhs'
r:fha uOHl m%fõ.h fidhkak' V1 V2
S S
úi÷u
A t1 B t2 C
A - B olajd B - C olajd uq¿ld,h
S = V1 t1 S = V2 t 2 t = t1 + t2
t1 = S/V1 t2 = S/V2
t =
S
+
V1 V2
S
= S (VV+VV )
1
1 2
2

PHT 5310 3 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

 2s
idudkH m%fõ.h =
t1 + t2
2s
= [ V 1 + V2 ]
S V V
1 2
2 V1V2
Va =
V1 + V2

by; .eg¿ fol fyd¢ka ikaikaokh lrkak' fujeks .eg¿ ufkdaufhka lsÍug mqreÿ jkak'

úiª wNHdi - 07
Trf,daiqjl ;;amr lgqfõ È. 5 cm ls' my; tla tla ld, m%dka;r ;=, § ;;amr lgqfõ' ;=fvys
(a). úia:dmkh"
(b). uOHl fõ.h"
(c). uOHl m%fõ.h fidhkak'
;;amr 0 § ;;amr lgqfõ ;=v mj;sk ia:dkh úia:dmkh Y=kHh uQ,sl ,laIh f,i i,lkak'
(i). ;;amr 0 - ;;amr 15 ld,h ;=,
(a). úia:dmkh" (b). uOHl fõ.h
12 15 s ;=,§ isÿlrk úia:dmkh 15 s ;=, .ukal, ÿr
uOHl fõ.h = ld,h
P PQ fõ'
= ( 2π x 5 / 4 )
9 PQ 2 = 52 + 52 15
3
O Q PQ = 50 = 0.5 cm s-1
PQ ~~ 7 cm
6
2 π r = ;;amr lgqj hk jD;a;fha mßÈh fõ'
^ π = 3 f,i .kak' &

15 s ;=,§ isÿl, úia:dmkh

(c). uOHl m%fõ.h =
.;jQ ld,h
= 7 / 15
= 0.46 cm s-1

(ii). ;;amr 0 isg ;;amr 30 ld,h ;=,

(a). úia:dmkh fiùu" (b). uOHl fõ.h fiùu'

12 30 s ;=,§ isÿl, úia:dmkh ( 2π x 5 / 2 )
PQ È. fõ' uOHl fõ.h = 30
P
= 0.5 cm s-1
9 O 3
PQ = 10 cm
úia:dmkh = 10 cm
Q
6
(c). uOHl m%fõ.h = 10 / 30
= 0.33 cm s-1

(iii). ;;amr 0 isg ;;amr 60 ld,h ;=,

(a). úia:dmkh fiùu" (b). idudkH fõ.h fiùu'

12 60 s .;jQ miq ;;amr lgqj uq,a 2π x 5
ia:dkhgu meñfKa' tuksid uq¿ idudkH fõ.h = 60
úia:dmkh Y=kH fõ' = 0.5 cm s-1
9 O 3
(c). idudkH m%fõ.h = 0

6
PHT 5310 4 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
 ;ajrKh (f fyda a) Acceleration)
m%fõ.h fjkiaùfï iS>%;djh ;ajrKh fõ'
m%fõ. fjki ∆V
;ajrKh = a =
.;jQ ld,h ∆t

ld,h t jk fudfydf;a isg δ t l=vd ld,hla .;jk úg wxY=fõ m%fõ.h δv kï" a j,ska ld,h t jk
fudfydf;a ;ajrKh ,efí'
δv
at =
δt
(a hkq ld,h t jk fudfydf;a ;ajrKhhs'& → →
v v + δv
w;ajrKfha tall' = ms-2 ^;;amr j¾.hg ógr& t t+δt
wm fuys§ i,ld n,kq ,nkafka taldldr ;ajrKh (Uniform Acceleration) iys; p,s; ms<sn| muKs'

w jia;=jl m%fõ.h ld,h iuÕ jeä fõ kï th (+) ;ajrKhla f,io" jia;=jl m%fõ.h ld,h iuÕ
wvqfõ kï th RK ;ajrKhla fyj;a ukaokhla f,i ye¢kafõ'

w jia;=jla taldldr ;ajrKfhka fyda taldldr ukaokfhka fyda p,kh jk úg wdrïNl iy wjidk
m%fõ.j, idudkHfhka idudkH m%fõ.h ,efí'

wjidk m% f õ.h + wdrï' m% f õ.h

idudkH m% f õ.h =
2
V + u
Vm =
2

p,s;h ms<sn| iólrKh (Eqation of Motion for uniform Acceleration)

lsishï jia;=jl u wdrïNl m%fõ.hl isg a taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lr t ld,hl§ V m%fõ.hla
,nd.kafka hehs is;uq'
ixfla;
→ u → →v
a
u - wdrïNl m%fõ.h' v - wjidk m%fõ.h'
s - úia:dmkh' t - ld,h t=0 → t=t
a - ;ajrKh' s

01' m%fõ. fjki = v - u

.;jQ ld,h' = t
v - u
m%fõ. fjkia ùfï iS>%;djh =
t
a = v - u
t
v-u = at v = u + at ........................... (1).

02' t ld,h ;=, wxY=fõ úia:dmkh = s

s
∴ idudkH m%fõ.h' =
t
;ajrKh taldldr neúka wdrïNl iy wjidk m%fõ. j, idudkH o" idudkH m%fõ.h f,i .;yel'
v+u
∴ idudkH m%fõ.h' =
2
∴ s v+u
=
t 2 v+u
s =
2 ( )
t .......................... (2 )

PHT 5310 5 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

03' (1) ka v - u = at 04. v = u + at fuh wxl ^3& ys wdfoaYfhka"
t =
v-u (u + at )2 = u2 + 2as
a u2 + 2uat + ta2t2 = u2 2as
fuu t w.h ^2& ys wdfoaYfhka" 2 2
2uat + a t = 2as
s =
(v + u) (v - u) . 2as
= v2 - u2 2ut + at2 = 2s
2 a
v2 - u2 s= ut + 1
/2 at 2 .......... (4).
s =
2a

v2 = u2 + 2as ........... (3 )

by; iólrK Ndú;fha§ ie,lsh hq;= lreKq

^1&' Ndú;d l, yelafla ir, f¾Ldjl p,s;h i|yd muKs'
^2&' iólrK fhdok wxY=jg taldldr ;ajrKhla ;sìh hq;=h'
^3&' úia:dmkh ueksh hq;af;a wdrïNl ,laIfha isgh ^tkï t = 0)isgh'
^4&' ir, f¾Ldj Èf.a tla ÈYdjlg we;s ffoYsl (+) hehs f;dard.; hq;= fõ'
Bg úreoaO ÈYdjg we;s ffoYsl ^-& fõ' iólrKj, tu ffoYsl wod, ,l=K iuÕ wdfoaY l, hq;=h'

úiª wNHdi - 08
jia;=jla ir, f¾Çh ud¾.hl A isg B olajd 2/3 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lrhs' ta i|yd .;jQ
ld,h 12 s la jk w;r B ys m%fõ.h 12 ms-1 fõ'
(i). A ys § m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(ii). AB ÿr m%udKh fidhkak'
úi÷u
a = 2/3 ms-2 , t = 12 s , V = 25 ms-1 jk w;r wmg fiùug we;af;a u iy S h'
(i). V = u + a t fh§fuka"
25 = u + 2/3 x 12
u = 17 ms-1 (ii). S = ut + 1/2 a t2 fh§fuka"
S = 17 x 12 x 1/2 x 2/3 x (12)2
S = 204 + 48
S = 252 m
ke;fyd;a" ke;fyd;a"
V2 u2 + 2 a S fh§h yel'
S = ( V2+ u) t (25)2
=
= (17)2 + 2 x 2/3 S
289 x 4/3 S
S = (17 +225 ) 12 625
S
=
= 252 m
S = 252 m

úiª wNHdi - 09
ihsl,alrefjl= l÷ m,a,ul 1.5 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs' l÷ uqÿfka § Tyqf.a
wdrïNl m%fõ.h 3 ms-1 kï
(i). 8 s l§ fldmuK ÿrla p,s; fõo @
(ii). m%fõ.h 7 ms-1 jk úg fldmuK ÿrla .ukalr we;s o @
úi÷u
(i). a = 1.5 ms-2 , u = 3 ms-2 iy t = 8 s fõ' (ii). V2 = u2 + 2 a S
S fiúh hq;=h' (7)2 = (3)2 + 2 (1.5) S
S = ut + 1/2 a t2 49 - 9 = 3S
= 3 x 8 + 1/2 x (1.5) x 82 S = 40 / 3 = 13.33 m
= 24 + 48 = 72 m

PHT 5310 6 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

 úiª wNHdi - 10
wxY=jla 40 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd 4 ms-2 ukaokfhka (a) 5 S (b) 10 S , (c) 15 S .uka lrhs' tala
tla wjia:dfõ § wjidk m%fõ.h iy úia:dmkh fidhkak'
úi÷u
u = 40 ms-1 , a = - 4 ms-2 § we;súg V iy S fiúh hq;=fõ'
(a). t = 5 S úg' (b). t = 10 S úg"
V = u + at V = u + at
V = 40 + (- 4) 5 V = 40 - 4 x 10
V = 40 - 20 V = 0
-1
V = 20 ms (c).t = 15 S úg"
S = ut + 1/2 at2 S = ut + 1/2 at2 V = u + at
= 40 x 5 - 1/2 x 4 x 25 S = 40 x10 - 1/2 x 4 x 100 V = 40 - 4 x 15
= 150 m S = 200 m V = - 20 ms-1
fuys (-) ,l=fKys fN!;sl w¾:h kï jia;=fõ
p,s; ÈYdj udre ù we;s njhs'
S = ut + 1/2 at2
S = 40 x 15 - 1/2 x 4 x 225
S = 150 m

úiª wNHdi - 11
15 ms-1 ksh; m%fõ.hlska .uka
.kakd fudag¾ r:hla 10 ms-1 fõ.
iSudjla we;s mdie,a mÈl udrejla
wi,ska .uka.kS' fudag¾ r:h tu
ia : dkh miq l rkjd;a iuÕ tu
ia:dkfha fudag¾ ihsl,hla u;
is á k fmd,s i a ks , Odßfhl= ;u
fudag¾ihsl,h mk.kajd 3 ms-2
ksh; ;ajrKhlska Tyq ¨yqne§u
wrUhs'
(i). fudag¾ r:h miqlr .ekSug fmd,sia ks,Odßhdg fld;rï ld,hla .;fõo @
(ii). wjika wjia:dfõ§ fmd,sia ks,Odßhdf.a fõ.h l=ula o @
(iii). wjia:dfõ§ fudag¾ r:h yd fudag¾ nhsisl,h .ukal, ÿrj,a fldmuK o @
(iv). r:fha iy fudag¾ ihsl,fha p,s;hg wod, m%fõ. - ld, iy úia:dmk - ld, m%iA;dr w¢kak'
úi÷u
fuys§ fmd,sia ks,Odßhd fudag¾ßh w,a,d.kakd fudfydf;a § r: folu tlu ia:dkhl mj;S' tneúka
r: folu O ,laIfha isg iudk úia:dmkhla isÿlr we;' ;jo O ,laIfha isg tlu fudfydf;a ld,h
uekSu wdrïN l, neúka r: fol yuqjk úg .;ù we;s ld,h;a iudk fõ'

(i). fudag¾ r:hg fudag¾ ihsl,hg

S = ut S = u t + 1/2 a t2
= 15 x t --- (1) = 0 + 1/2 x 3 t2
= 3/2 t2 ---- (2)
(1) ka iy (2) ka"
15 t = 3/2 t2
t = 10 s

(ii).fudag¾ ihsl,hg (iii). (1) ka"

V = u + at S = 15 x 10
V = 0 + 3 x 10 S = 150 m
V = 30 ms-1

PHT 5310 7 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

 (iv). V (ms-1) S (m)
fudag¾
ihsl,h 150 m
15 ms-1
r:h
r:h
fudag¾
t ihsl,h
10 s t
10

úiª wNHdi - 12
fudag¾ r:hla ksYap, ;djfhka .uka wrUd 0'2 ms-2 ;ajrKfhka 5s .uka fldg ,nd.;a m%fõ.fhka
t;eka isg úkdä 5 la .uka lrhs' bkamiq th ukaokh ù 30 s § k;r fõ' r:h we;s l, uq¿ úia:dmkh
fldmuKo@
úi÷u
fuys§ uq¿ p,s;h mqrd ;ajrKh taldldr fkdfõ' tneúka uq¿ p,sh;gu tljr p,s; iólrK fhÈh
fkdyel' taldldr ;ajrK mj;sk fldgia y÷kdf.k tajdg fjk fjku p,s; iólrK fh§fuka
.eg¿ úi¢h yels fõ'
a1 = 0.2 ms-2 a2 = 0 a3 = ?
U=0 V V V=0
A isg B olajd p,s;hg
S = u t + 1/2 a t2 A S1 B S2 C S3 D
= 0 + 1/2 x 0.2 x 25 t1 = 5 s t2 = 300 s t2 = 30 s
= 2.5 m taldldr ;ajrKh taldldr m%fõ.h taldldr ukaokh
V = u+at
= 0 + 0.2 x 5
= 1 ms-1

B isg C olajd p,s;hg C isg D olajd

taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lrk neúka C ys§ m%fõ.h 1 ms-1 u fõ'
;ajrKh Y=kH fõ'
S = ut
S1 =
V+u
2
t ( )
0+1
S2 = 1 x 300
S2 = 300 m
S3 =
2
(
x 30 )
S3 = 15 cm

∴ uq¿ úia:dmkh" S = S1 + S2 + S3
= 2.5 + 300 + 15
= 317.5 m

úiª wNHdi - 13
ßhÿfrl=g 0'5 S l m%;sl%shd ld,hlao " Tyqf.a r:hg 5 ms-2 l Wmßu ukaokhlao we;' 10 ms-1
m%fõ.hl isg r:h ksYap,;djhg f.k tafï§ r:h p,kh úh hq;= wju ÿr m%udKh l=ulao@ r:fha
m%fõ.h 20 ms-1 kï kej;Sug fmr p,kh úh hq;= ÿr m%udKh l=ulao@
úi÷u U = 10 ms-1 U = 10 ms-1 V=0

fuys§ ßhÿrdf.a m%;sl%shd ld,h ;=,§ o r:h A S1 B S2 C

taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lrkafka hehs m%;sl%shd ld,h ;sßx. fh¥ ld,h
ie,fla' ;=, .sh ÿr ;=, .sh ÿr
[taldldr m%fõ.fhka [taldldr ukaokfhka
.ukalrhs] .ukalrhs]
A isg B olajd B isg C olajd
S= ut V = u2 + 2 as
S1 = 10 x 0.5 0 = 100 - 2 x 5 x S2
S1 = 5 m S2 = 10 m
PHT 5310 8 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
 ∴ r:h k;rjk úg .ukal, uq¿ ÿr
= 5 + 10
= 15 m r:fha m%fõ.h 20 ms-1 kï"

A isg B olajd B isg C olajd

S = ut V2 = u2 + 2 as
S1 = 20 x 0.5 0 = (20)2 - 2 x 5 x S2
S1 = 10 m 10 S2 = 400
S2 = 40 m
∴ r:h k;r jk úg .ukal, uq¿ ÿr
= 10 + 40 = 50 m

p,s; iólrK iïnJO .eg¿'''

01'(i). ÿr" úia:dmkh yd fõ.h hk mo y÷kajkak

(ii). ksh; fõ.fhka .ukalrk jia;=jla 8 s l§ 200 m ÿrla .uka lrhs' jia;=fõ fõ.h fidhkak'
(W;a" 25 ms-1 )
(iii). ksh; fõ.fhka .uka lrk jia;=jla 2 min § 3 km l ÿrla .uka lrhs' jia;=fõ fõ.h fidhkak'
( W;a" 25 ms-1 )

02' t = 0 § jia;=jla 4 ms-1 ksh; fõ.hlska A ,laIh miq lr .uka lrhs'

(i). t = 3 s jk úg jia;=jg A ,laIfha isg we;s ÿr fidhkak'
(ii). A ,laIfha isg 22 m ÿrla .uka l, miq .;ù we;s ld,h fidhkak' ^ W;a" (i). 12 m (ii). 5.5 s &

03' my; i|yka fõ.hka wjYH mßÈ tall mßj¾;kh lr ,shkak'

(i). 36 kmh-1 fõ.h ms-1 j,ska bÈßm;a lrkak'
(ii). 81 kmh-1 fõ.h ms-1 j,ska bÈßm;a lrkak'
(iii). 35 ms-1 fõ.h kmh-1 j,ska bÈßm;a lrkak'
(iv). 22 ms-1 fõ.h kmh-1 j,ska bÈßm;a lrkak'
(v). 6 km min-1 fõ.h ms-1 j,ska bÈßm;a lrkak'
^W;a" (i). 10 ms-1 (ii). 22.5 ms-1 (iii). 126 km h-1 (iv). 79.2 kmh-1 (v). 100 ms-1 )

B 6 km
04' A k.rfhka .uka wrUk fudag¾ ihsl,hla 2 km la
kef.kysrg o bkamiq 3 km la W;=rg o bkamiq 6 km la
ngysrg o .uka lrhs' S
3 km
A k.rh uQ,sl ,laIh jQ úg tu .ufka uq¿ úia:dmkh
fidhkak'
( W;a" S = 5 km , θ = 360 52' ) θ 2 km
A
05'(a).m%fõ.h w¾: olajkak'
(b). idudkH fõ.h iy idudkH m%fõ.h hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾ o @
(c). A, B iy C hkq" AB = 5 km iy BC = 4 km jk fia ir, f¾Çh ud¾.hl msysá ,laIH ;=kls' ñksfila
A isg B olajd 20 km h-1 l fõ.fhka ÿjk w;r" B isg C olajd 8 km h-1 l fõ.fhka ÿjhs'
(i). A isg C olajd hdug .;jQ uq¿ ld,h fidhkak
(ii). A isg C olajd .ufka idudkHh fõ.h fidhkak'
^ W;a" (i) 45 min , (ii). 12 km h-1 &

06' ñksfila W;=re foig 70 s l§ 150 m l ÿrla weúo f.dia" kej; ol=Kq foig 30 s l§ 50 m l ÿrla .uka
lrhs'
(i). Tyqf.a idudkH fõ.h fidhkak'
(ii). Tyqf.a idudkH m%fõ.h fidhkak'
^ W;a" (i) 2 ms-1 , (ii). 1 ms-1 W;=re foig &

PHT 5310 9 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

07' ÿïßhla ;u .ukajdrfhka 50 % l ÿrla 10 ms-1 fõ.fhka .uka lrk w;r b;sß w¾Oh 15 ms-1 fõ.fhka
.uka .kS' iïmQ¾K .uk ;=,§ ÿïßfha fõ.fha idudkHh fldmuK o @ ^W;a" 12 ms-1&

08' <ufhla ;u ksjfia isg mdie, olajd jeà we;s fl,ska ud¾.fha 4 ms-1 fõ.fhka ÿjk w;r wdmiq ;u
ksjig meñfKkafka 2 ms-1 fõ.hlsks'
(i). Tyqf.a fõ.fha idudkHh fldmuK o @ ^W;a" 2.67 ms-1&
(ii). m%fõ.fha idudkH fldmuKo @ ^W;a" 0&

09' A kï jQ fnda,h Bg jvd úYd, jQo Bg 20 m ÿßka msysáhd jQo" B kï jQ fnda,hla lrd 5 ms-1 fõ.hlska
Rcq udj;la Èf.a .uka.kS' B fnda,h yd .eàfuka wk;=rej A fnda,h kej;;a ;ud .sh uÕ Tiafia
wdmiq ;u uq,a msysgqu lrd 4 ms-1 fõ.fhka meñfKa'
(i). A fnda,fha m%fõ.fha idudkHh úYd,;ajh .Kkh lrkak ^W;a" 5 ms-1&
(ii). ;;a" 0 - 4 olajd $ ;;a' 0 - 9 olajd $ ;;a" 0 - 6 olajd jk ld, mrdihka j,§ tys fõ.fha idudkHh
.Kkh lrkak' ^W;a" 5 ms-1 / 4.44 ms-1 / 4.67 ms-1&

10'(i).fõ.h iy m%fõ.h w¾: olajkak' fõ.h iy m%fõ.h w;r fjki meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(ii). p,kh jk jia;=jl idudkH m%fõ.h hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾ o @
(iii). r:hl isÿlrk p,s;hl§ .;jk ld,fhkaa 1/3 la V1 m%fõ.fhka o" wfkla 1/3 l ld,h V2 m%fõ.fhkao
b;sß 1/3 l ld,h V3 m%fõ.fhka o .ukalrhs' r:fha uOHk m%fõ.h V1 + V2 + V3 nj fmkajkak'
3
(iv). r:hla isÿlrk p,s;hl§ isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkfhka 1/3 la V1 m%fõ.hlskao " wfkla 1/3 l úia:dmkh
V2 m%fõ.fhka o" b;sß 1/3 l úia:dmkh V3 m%fõ.fhka o .uka lrhs' r:fha uOHk m%fõ.h
3V1V2V3 nj fmkajkak'
V1V2 + V2V3 + V3V1

11' my; tla tla .ufka idudkH fõ.h yd idudkH m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(i). ÿïßhla úkdähla 10 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka o" ;j;a úkdä 2 la 15 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka o" wjidk úkdä 3 ,
12 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka o hkúg"
(ii). X isg Y k.rh fj; 5 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka f.dia kej; Y isg X fj; 10 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka meñfKk úg"
(iii). ksYap,;djfhka mgkaf.k 1 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKhlska ;;amr 5 la hk .ufka
(iv). ksYap,;djfhka mgkaf.k 0.5 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKfhka ;;amr 20 la .uka lr ,nd.;a m%fõ.fhka
u tu ÈYdjg ñks;a;=jl ld,hla hk .ufka"
^ W;a" (i). 12.67 ms-1 , 12.67 ms-1 (ii). 6.67 ms-1 , 0
(iii). 2.5 ms-1 , 2.5 ms-1 (iv). 8.75 ms-1 , 8.75 ms-1 &

12'(i). jia;=jl ;ajrKh w¾: olajkak'

(ii). jia;=jl ;ajrKhla we;súh yels wdldr fudkjdo @
(iii). u m%fõ.fhka .uka werUQ wxY=jla t ld,hl§ a taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lr v m%fõ.hla ,nd.kS'
túg isÿl, úia:dmkh s kï" my; uQ,sl p,s; iólrK f.dvk.kak'
v= u + at , v2 = u2 + 2as ,
s= (v+u)t , s = ut + 1/2 at2
2
(iv). r:hla 5 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd 30 m l ÿßka we;s ,laIHhla miqlr hdug .; jQ ld,h 4s la úh'
r:fha ;ajrKh iy 4s wjidkfha§ ,nd.;a m%fõ.h fldmuK fõo@

13' my; .eg¿j, jia;=j u wdrïNl m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd a taldldr ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .ukalr t
ld,hl§ v wjidk m%fõ.hla ,nd.kafka hehs is;kak' túg jia;=j isÿlrk úia:dmkh t fõ'
(i) u = 0 , a = 3 ms-2 , V = 15 ms-1 kï t fidhkak' (ii). t = 10 s , S = 24 m , u = 6 ms-1 kï V fidhkak'
-2 -1
(iiii) a = 5 ms , u = 4 ms , S = 2 m kï V fidhkak' (iv).u = 16 ms-1 , V = 8 ms-1 , t = 5 s kï S fidhkak'
(v) t = 7 s , u = 3 ms-1 , V = 17 ms-1 kï a fidhkak' (vi).t = 7 s , u = 17 ms-1 , V = 3 ms-1 kï a fidhkak'
(vii) u = 5 ms , t = 3 s , a = -2 ms kï S fidhkak' (viii). a = -4 ms-2 , u = 6 ms-1 , V = 0 kï t fidhkak'
-1 -1

(ix) v = 3 ms-1 , t = 9 s , a = 2 ms-1 kï S fidhkak' (x). V = 7 ms-1 , t = 5 s , a = 3 ms-2 kï u fidhkak'

W;a" (i). 5 s (ii). -12 ms-1 (iii). 6 ms-1 (iv). 60 m (v). 2 ms-2 (vi). - 2 ms-2
(vii). 6 m (viii). 1.5 s (ix). - 54 m
PHT 5310 10 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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14' A ,laIfhka 3 ms-1 l m%fõ.fhka wrUk wxY=jla AB f¾Ldj Tiafia 1/2 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKhlska
p,kh fõ' th B ,laIhg ,Õdjkafka 5 ms-1 l m%fõ.hlsks' fïjd .Kkh lrkak'
(a). AB w;r úia:dmkh
(b). A isg B lrd ,`.dùug .;jQ ld,h' ^W;a' (a). 16 m , (b). t = 4s &

15' nhsisl,alrefjl= 8 ms-1 l m%fõ.fhka f¾Çh nEjqula iys; lkaola ke.Su wrUhs' 96 m ÿ/;s lÿ uqÿkg
,Õdjkúg m%fõ.h 4 ms-1 ls' ;ajrKh taldldr nj i,ld tys w.h .Kkh lrkak'
^W;a' a = 1/4 ms-2 &

16' fudg¾ ihsl,alrefjla kef.kysr

foig Odjkh lrñka l= v d
k.rhla miqlrk w;r k.r iSudj
i|yka jk ±ka ù ï mq j rej
miq l s ß fuka wk;= r ej" Tyq
4.00 ms-2 ksh; ;ajrKhlska .uka
wrUhs' t = 0 ld,hl§ Tyq ±kaùï
mqjrefõ' isg 5 m ÿßka 15 ms-1
m% f õ.fhka kef.kys r foig
.ukalrñka isà'

(i). t = 2.0 s ld,fha § Tyqf.a úia:dmkh yd m%fõ.h fidhkak' ^W;a" 23ms-1&

-1
(ii). fudg¾ ihsl,alref.a m%fõ.h 25 ms jkúg Tyq isák úia:dmkh fidhkak' ^W;a" 55 m&

17' A kï ia:dkhlska msg;ajk X kï ñksfila ir, f¾Çh ud¾.hla Èf.a 4 kmh-1l taldldr fõ.hlska
.uka lrhs' X msg;a ù ál fõ,djlg miq Tyq yuqùu msKsi Ykï ;j;a ñksfila nhsisl,hl ke.S A
j,ska msg;aj 12 kmh-1 l taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka fldg A isg 2 km ÿrl§ X yuqfõ Y msg;a jQfha X
msg;a ù fldmuK fõ,djlg miqj ±hs fidhkak' ^W;a (- úkdä 20 lg miq &

18'(a). jia;=jl ;ajrKh hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾ o @

(b) jia;=jl ;ajrKhla we;súh yels wdldr fudkjdo @

(c) ldrhla ksYap,;djfhka .uka

wrUd 2 ms-2 ;ajrKfhka .uka
ls r S u werfUk fudfydf;a
nihla tu ,la I Hh miq l r
10 ms-1 taldldr m%fõ.fhka
.uka lrhs'
(i). ldrh" nih miq l rk
fudfydf;a tys m%fõ.h
fldmuK fõo@ ta i|yd
fldmuK ld,hla .;fõ o @

(ii). ta jk úg ldrh fldmuK ÿrla .uka lrhs o @ ^W;a' (i). 20 ms-1 , 10 s (ii). 100 m &

19' ksYap,;djfhka O ,laIfhka p,s;h wrUk A wxY=jla ir, f¾Çh ud._hl 2 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKhlska
p,kh fõ' tu fudfydf;au B wxY=j O ,laIhg 12 m msgqmiska 3 ms-2 l taldldr ;ajrKh iys;j
5 ms-1 l m%fõ.hlska p,s;h wrUhs' A iy B yuqjkafka O isg fldmuK ÿrla .sh miqo @ ^W;a' 4 m &

20' jia;=jla ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd ksh; ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs' n jk ;;amrh jkúg tys
m%fõ.h v fõ' n jk ;;amrh t,öug m%:u wjidk ;;amr 2 l ;=,§ isÿl, úia:dmkh
2 v (n-1) / n nj fmkajkak'

21' P yd Q kï r: folla U iy U/2 m%fõ.j,ska A j,ska .uka wrUhs' kuq;a Q .uka wrUkqfha P msg;a
ù 1 s lg miqjh' tajdfha ;ajrK ms<sfj,ska a iy 2a fõ' r: fol B ,laIHfhaoS yuqjk úg m%fõ.
ms<sfj,ska 22 ms-1 iy 31 ms-1 fõ'
PHT 5310 11 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
11
 (i). U j, w.h fidhkak'
(ii). a j, w.h fidhkak'
(iii). AB ÿr m%udKh .Kkh lrkAk' ^W;a' U = 2 ms-1 , a = 5 ms-2 , AB = 48 m&

22' ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=jla m<uqj taldldr ;ajrKhlskao" fojkqj 10ms-1 taldldr m%fõ.hlska
o" wjidk fldgi taldldr ukaokhlskao p,kh ùS ksYap, fõ' .uk i|yd uqtZZ ld,h 160 s o
úi:dmkh 1'2 km o kï jia;=j taldldr m%fõ.fhka .sh ÿro " ;ajrKfhka 0'5 ms-2 kï ukaokh
fidhkak' ^W;a ( 800 m , 1/6 ms-2)

23' taldldr ;ajrKhlska .uka lrk jia;j

= l p,kh ksÍlaIKh lrkafkl=g tu jia;j = 10s § 500 m .uka
lrk nj fmfka'' B,Õ 10 s § 700m .uka lrk njla olS' jia;j = ksYpa ,;djfhka .uka werUqfõ kï
ksÍlaIlhd th olsk úg .;ù we;s ld,h;a ta jk úg isÿlr we;s úia:dmkh;a fidhkak'
^W;a( 20s , 400m)

24' tla;rd r: Odjk ;rÕhloS A yd B kï ld¾ folla ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd a1 iy a2 ksh;
;ajrK j,ska .uka lrhs' A wjidk ,laIHhg ,Õd jk úg B g jvd v m%fõ.hla jeäfhka o B g jvd
t ld,hla wvqfjka o mj;S' V2 = a1a2 t2 nj fmkajkak'

25' r:hla ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd ir, f¾Çh ;sria ud¾.hl d ÿrla taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lr"
bkamiq B,Õ 2 d ÿr taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lr" bkamiq 3 d ÿrla taldldr ukaokfhka .ukalr r:h
ksYap,;djhg m;afõ' r:fha idudkH m%fõ.h 3
= nj fmkajkak'
r:fha Wmßu m%fõ.h 5

26' r:hla ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd 5 ms-2 l taldldr o ;ajrKfhka hï ld,hla .uka lr" bkamiq
taldldr m%fõ.fhka ;j;a hï ld,hla .uka lrhs' bkamiq r:h 5 ms-2 taldldr ukaokfhka hq;=j p,s;
ù hï ld,hl § ksYap, fõ' .ukg .;jQ uq¿ ld,h 25 s fõ' r:fha uq¿ .ufka idudkH m%fõ.h
20 ms-1 kï r:h taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka l, ld,h fidhkak' ^W;a" 15 s&

27' .ukl tla iSudjl § 72 kmh-1 fõ.fhka .uka lrk f,i ÿïßh ld, igykla ilid we;' ÿïßh
ud¾.h w¿;ajeähd lsÍu ksid by; i|yka iSudfjys 1km ÿr ÿïßh .uka lrk ,oafoa 9 kmh-1 ksh;
fõ.hlsks' m%fõ.h 72 kmh-1 isg 9 kmh-1 olajd wvq lsÍfï§ ÿïßh 1575 m m%udKhla o " m%fõ.h
9 kmh-1 isg 72 km h-1 olajd jeä lsÍfï§ 3150 m lao .uka lrk ,o kï" ÿïßh fldmuK m%udo fjhso@
^W;a (- úkdä 8 ;;amr 24&

28' ir, f¾Ldjl taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lrk jia;=jla t1 iy t2 ld,dka;r j,§ ms<sfj,ska x iy y ÿrla
ÿrla f.jd hhs' jia;=fõ ;ajrKh a kï"
2 ( y t 1 - x t2 )
a = (t + t ) t t nj fmkajkak'
1 2 12

29' taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lrk jia;=jla t1 , t2 iy t3 ld,dka;r j,§ iudk úia:dmkh f.jd hhs'
1 1 1 3
+ + = nj fmkajkak'
t1 t2 t3 t1 + t2 + t3

30' úh<s mdrl" fyd| ;;a;ajfha we;s r:hla m,mqreÿ ßhÿfrl= mojd .sh wjia:djl" r:hla k;r lsÍu
wod, jQ " ßhÿre w;afmd;l igyka jQ j.=jla my; ±lafõ'
fõ.h m%;sl%shd ld,h ;sßx. fh¥ ld,h k;rjk úg
(ms-1) ;=, hk ÿr (m) ;=, hk ÿr (m) .uka l, uq¿ ÿr (m)
5 3 1.9 4.9
10 6 7.5 13.5
15 9 17 26
20 12 30 42
25 15 47 62
30 18 68 86
35 21 92 113
PHT 5310 12 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
12
 (i). m%;sl%shd ld,h ;=, r:h .uka lrk ÿr" r:fha fõ.hg wkqf,dauj iudkqmd;sl ùug;a " ;sßx. fhdok
ld,h ;=, .uka lrk ÿr tfia m%fõ.hg iudkqmd;sl fkdùug;a fya;=j meyeÈ,s lrkak'
;sßx. fhdok ld,h ;=, .sh ÿr" r:fha fõ.h w;r iïnkaO;dj l=uk wdldrhla .kS o@
(ii). r:h we;slrk Wmßu ukaokh fidhkak'
(iii). r:h 50 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka l, wjia:dfõ§ r:h k;r jk úg .uka l, uq¿ ÿr fldmuK fõo@
(iv). my; i|yka wjia:dj, " r:h m%;sl%shd ld,h ;=, hk ÿr yd ;sßx. fh¥ ld,h ;=, hk ÿr flnÿ fõ±hs
meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(a). mdr f;;aj we;súg"
(b). ßhÿrd uOHidr jeks oE mdkh lr fyd| isys nqoaêfhka ke;s úg
(v). r:h ;srig 300 la wdk; m,a,ul 35 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka lrk úg" r:h k;r lsÍug isÿjQfha kï"
k;r jk r:h .uka l, uq¿ ÿr .Kkh lrkak'

hdka;% úoHdj - 02 ^p,s; m%ia;dr&

ir, f¾Çh m%ia;dr iy jl% m%ia;dr ms<sn| uQ,sl isoaOdka;

m%i;
a dr
y
tla rdYshla úp,kh jk úg ;j;a rdYshla Bg wkqrEmj fjkia jk P (x,y)
whqre m%iA;drhlska ksrEmkh fõ'
y-c
ir, f¾Ldj
ir, f¾Ldfõ wkql%uKh ^nEjqu& (0,C) α
Q
ir, f¾Ldj x wCIfha + ÈYdj iuÕ idok c
fldaKfhys gexckh tys wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjquhs'
α x
wkql%uKh (m) = tan α x

ir, f¾Ldfõ wka;(LKavh (c) :

x LKavdxlh 0 jk úg Y LKavdxlh wka;(LKavh kï fõ'

ir, f¾Ldfõ ,dCIKsl iólrKh

ir, f¾Ldj u; P (x,y),laIhla ie,l+ úg (x,y) LKavdxl ;Dma;lrk iïnkaO;djla ir, f¾Ldfõ
iólrKh fõ'
PQ y-c
tan α = = = m
QR x
y - c = mx y = mx + c
fuys x yd y j, by< n,fha mo fyda x , y .=Ks; mo fkdue;' tjeks iólrKhla ir, f¾Ldfõ
iólrKh fõ'
wkql%uKfha ,l=K
wir, f¾Ldj x wlaIfha (+) ÈYdj iuÕ idok fldaKh iq¿ fldaKhla kï wkql%uKh (+) fõ' tu
fldaKh uyd fldaKhla kï wkql%uKh (-) fõ'
wir, f¾Ldj x wlaIhg iudka;r kï th x wlaIh iuÕ idok fldaKh Y+kH fõ' túg wkql%uKh Y+kH
fõ'
wka;(LKavfha ,l=K
wc Ok kï ir, f¾Ldj uQ, ,CIhg by<ska y wlaIh lmhs'
wc iDK kï ir, f¾Ldj uQ, ,laIhg my<ska y wlaIh lmhs'
wc = 0 ir, f¾Ldj uQ, ,laIh yryd .uka lrhs'
PHT 5310 13 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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 wkql%uKfha yd wka;(lKavfhys ,l=K wkqj m%ia;drfha yevh fjkia jk whqre
y y y y
m>0 m<0 m<0
m>0 c<0 c>0 c<0
c>0

x x x x

y y
m>0 m<0
c=0 c=0

x x

ir, f¾Ldjl nEjqfuys w¾:h

p ys LKavdxl (x,y ) fõ' x LKavdxlh δx j,ska jeä l, Q
úg y LKavdxlfha we;sjk fjki y fõ'
δδy δy
m = tan θ =
δδx P(x,y) α fï wkqj ir,
δx f¾Ldjl nEjqu
nEjqfï ,l=fKa w¾:h hkq x g wkqj
y y fjkia ùfï
wx jeäjk úg y jeäfõ kï nEjqu (+) fõ' iS>%;djhhs'
wx jeäjk úg y wvqfõ kï nEjqu (-) fõ' α
x x+δx
jl% m%ia;dr
wx LKavdxlh fjkia ùu;a iuÕ nEjquo fjkia jk m%iA;dr jl% m%iA;dr kï fõ'jl% m%iA;drhl úúO
,laIh j,§ úúO nEjqï mj;S'

jl%hl nEjqu
y
jl%hl hï ,laIhl nEjqu hkq tu ,laIfha§ w¢k iam¾Ylh
x wlaIfha (+) ÈYdj iuÕ idok fldaKfha gexckhhs'

∴ P ,laIfha nEjqu = tan θ fõ' iam¾Ylh

Pl
hï ,laIhl jl%hl nEjqfuys w¾:h jkafka tu ,laIfha§
(x,y)
x wkqj y fjkia ùfï iS>%;djhhs'
θ x
jl%hl nEjqfuys ,l=K
y jl%hl hï ,laIhlg wÈkq ,nk iam¾Ylh x wlaIfha (+) ÈYdj iuÕ iq¿
fldaKhla idohs' nEjqï ,l=K (+) fõ'

iam¾Ylh
Pl
(x,y)
P
θ iam¾Ylh
x
P ,laIhg w¢kq ,nk iam¾Ylh x wlaIfha (+) ÈYdj iuÕ
uyd fldaKhla idohs kï nEjqfï ,l=K (-) fõ' θ
x
PHT 5310 14 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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 X - jeäjk úg nEjqu fjkia úh yels l%u
y (1) y (2) y (3) y (4)

m>0 m>0 m<0 m<0

x x x x

Ok nEjqu jeäfõ Ok nEjqu wvqfõ RK nEjqu wvqfõ RK nEjqu jeäfõ'

úia:dmk ld, m%ia;dr igyk (Displacement - Time graphs) (s -t)

S
ir, f¾Ldjl p,kh jk wxY=jl ld,h iuÕ úia:dmkh úp,kh
m%iA;dr .; l, úg úia:dmk ld, jl%hla ,efí'
c = wdrïNl úia:dmkh = s0 ∆S
wm%iA;drfha wka;(LKavh wdrïNl úia:dmkh ksrEmkh lrhs' fndfyda θ
S0 ∆t
úg fuh Y+kH fõ'
wx LKavdxlfhka ld,ho" y LKavdxlh ta fudfydf;a úia:dmkh ksrEmkh lrhs' t
wm%ia;drfha wkql%uKfhka fyj;a nEjqfuka úia:dmkh fjkia ùfï iS>%;djh " fyj;a m%fõ.h ksrEmkh
fõ'
∆S ∆
∆S
Tan θ = ∆ t V =
∆
∆t
p , igyk
iEu úgu úia:dmkh bÈßm;a lsÍfï§ jia;=j p,s; jk ir,
f¾Ldj u; O iuqoafoaY ,laIhla f;dardf.k Bg idfmalaIj S(m)
bÈßm;a lrhs' O iuqoafoaY ,laIfha isg
O isg A foig úia:dmkh Ok fõ' tla ÈYdjlg we;s p,s;
O isg B foig úia:dmkh RK fõ' fuu m%foaYfhka ±lafõ'
t(s)
B → O → A O iuqoafoaY ,laIfha isg
S(-) S(+)
Bg úreoaO ÈYdjlg we;s
p,s; fuu m%foaYfhka
úia:dmk-ld, m%iA;drhl yevh wkqj jia;=fõ p,s; iajNdjh úia;r lsÍu'
±lafõ'
01' ksYp
a ,;djh
jia;=j ksYap,j ;sfí kï tys m%fõ.h Y=kHh fõ' úia:dmk - ld, m%iA;drhl§ m%fõ.h wkql%uKhg
iudk fõ' tneúka m%fõ.h Y=kHh kï m%iA;drfha wkql%uKho Y=kH úh hq;=h'
S(m)
(a). iuqoafoaY ,laIHh jk O ys
ksYap,j we;s jia;=jla fuu
m%iA;drfhka ksrEmkh fõ'

t(s)
B (-) O (+) A O

(b). iuqoafoaY ,laIhg (+) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIhl ksYap,j mj;sk jia;=jla fuu S - t m%iA;drfhka
ksrEmkh fõ' S(m)

B O (+) A t(s)
(-)

PHT 5310 15 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

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(c). O iuqoafoaY
,la I hg (-) S(m)
me;af;a wE;ska jQ
,laIhl ksYap,j
we;s jia;=jl S - t t(s)
m%iA;drh fuu
m%iA;drfha ±lafõ' B (-) O (+) A

02' taldldr m%fõ.fhka (+) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu'

(a). S(m)
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh Y=kHh fõ' tkï jia;=fõ wdrïNl úia:dmkh
Y=kHh jk w;r O j,ska .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § hï nEjqula mj;S' tkï jia;=j hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUhs'
w wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (+) fõ' ∴ O j,ska (+)
ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w nEjqu fyj;a wkql%uKh ksh; fõ' tneúka jia;=fõ m%fõ.h ksh; fõ' t(s)

'' O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUk jia;=j"tu taldldr

m%fõ.fhkau O j,ska bj;g .uka lrhs' '' V(+)
→ a=0

O A
(b). S(m) S(+)
w t = 0 § (+) wka;#Lkavhla we;' tkï jia;=jg wdrïNl úia:dmkhla
we;' tneúka jia;=j O g (+) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIhl isg p,s;
ùu wrUhs'
w t = 0 § hï nEjqula mj;S' tkï jia;=j hï m%fõ.hlska .uka
S0 wrUhs'
t(s) w wkql%uKh (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (+) fõ'tneúka jia;=j O j,ska
O (+) ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w nEjqu fyj;a wkql%uKh ksh; fõ' tneúka jia;=j taldldr
m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs'
→
'' O j,g (+) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIHhl isg .uka
wrUk jia;=j"hï m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd tu taldldr
m%fõ.fhkau O j,ska bj;g .uka lrhs' ''
O SO
(c). S(m)
w t = 0 § (-) wka ; #Lka v hla we;' tkï jia ; = j g wdrïNl
úia:dmkhla we;' tneúka jia;=j O g (-) me;af;a wE;ska jQ
,laIhl isg p,s; ùu wrUhs'
O t(s) w t = 0 § hï wkql%uKhla mj;S' tkï jia;=j hï m%fõ.hlska
- S0 p,s; ùu wrUhs'
w wkql%uKh (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (+) fõ' tneúka (+) ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs'
w wkql%uKh ksh; neúka m%fõ.h ksh; fõ'

→
'' O j,g (-) me;af;a wE; ,laIHhl isg .uka wrUk
jia;=j" hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUd tu taldldr
m%fõ.fhkau .uka lr O ,laIH o miqlr (+) ÈYdjg
O
SO .uka lrhs' ''

PHT 5310 16 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

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03' taldldr m%fõ.fhka (-) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu' S(m)
(a).
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh Y=kHh fõ' tkï wdrïNl úia:dmkh Y=kHh O t(s)
jk w;r O j,ska .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § hï wkql%uKhla mj;S' tneúka wdrïNl m%fõ.hla mj;S'
w wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu (-) fõ' tneúka jia;=j O j,ska (-) ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs'
w wkql%uKh ksh; fõ' tneúka m%fõ.h ksh; fõ'

'' O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUd tu taldldr

→
m%fõ.fhkau O j,ska ( -) ÈYdjg .uka lrhs' ''

B O A
S(m) S(-) S(+)
(b).
w t = 0 § (+) wka;#Lkavhla we;' ∴ jia;=j O g (+) me;af;a wE;
,laIhl isg .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkql%uKhla mj;S' ∴ jia;=j hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUhs'
S0
w wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu (-) fõ' tneúka jia;=j O foig .ukalr
t(s)
O O j,ska (-) ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w wkql%uKh ksh; neúka m%fõ.h ksh; fõ'

→ '' O j,g (+) me;a f ;a wE; ,la I Hhl is g hï

m% f õ.hls k a .uka wrUk jia ; = j tu ta l dldr
m%fõ.fhkau O ,laIH miqlrñka (-) ÈYdjg .uka
lrhs'
O
SO
S(m)
(c).
w t = 0 § (-) wka;#Lkavhla we;' ∴ O g (-) me;af;a wE; jQ ,laIhl isg O t(s)
.uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkql%uKhla mj;S' ∴ jia;=j hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUhs' - S0
w wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu (-) fõ' tneúka jia;=j O j,ska bj;g (-)
ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w wkql%uKh ksh; neúka m%fõ.h ksh; fõ'
→
'' O j,g (-) me;af;a wE; ,laIHhl isg hï m%fõ.hlska - SO
.uka wrUk jia;j = tu taldldr m%fõ.fhkau (-) ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs' '' O
(-S) (+S)

04' taldldr ;ajrKfhka (+) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu'

(a). S (m)
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh Y=kHh fõ' tuksid jia;=j O j,ska .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu Y=kH fõ' tkï t = 0 § ksYap,;djfhka
.uka wrUhs' tkï wdrïNl m%fõ.h Y=kH fõ' nEjqu (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h
(+) h' tkï jia;=j O isg A foig .uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ nEjqu ^wkql%uKh& jeäfõ' tkï m%fõ.h jeäfõ' tneúka
jia;=j ;ajrKfhka hq;=j p,s; fõ' t (s)

" O j,ska ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=j → V(+)

O j,ska (+) ÈYdjg l%ufhka jeäjk m%fõ.fhka S(+) ;ajrKhla
tkï ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs' "
O A
PHT 5310 17 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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(b).w t = 0 § (+) wka;#Lkavhla we;' ∴ jia;=j O g (+) me;af;a wE;ska jQ S (m)
,laIhl isg .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkq l % u Kh Y= k H fõ' ∴ wdrïNl m% f õ.h Y= k Hh fõ'
ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUhs' O
w wkql%uKh (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (+) fõ' tneúka jia;=j O j,ska (+)
S0
ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
t (s)
w ld,h iuÕ wkql%uKh jeäfõ' tkï m%fõ.h jeäfõ' tneúka jia;=j
jeäjk m%fõ.fhka fyj;a ;ajrKfhka .uka lrhs'
→
'' O j,g (+) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIHhl mj;sk jia;j
=
ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd ;ajrKfhka hq;=j O j,ska
bj;g ^ + ÈYdjg & .uka lrhs' O
SO

(c). w t = 0 § (-) wka;#Lkavhla we;' ∴ O g (-) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIhl S (m)

isg .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkql%uKh Y=kH fõ' ∴ wdrïNl m%fõ.h Y=kH fõ' tukï
ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUhs'
w wkql%uKh (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (+) fõ' tneúka jia;=j (+) ÈYdjg
t (s)
.uka lrhs' - S0
w ld,h iuÕ wkql%uKh jeäfõ' tkï m%fõ.h jeäfõ' tneúka jia;=j
jeäjk m%fõ.fhka fyj;a ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs'
'' O j,g (-) me;a f ;a wE;s k a jQ ,la I Hhl is g →
ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=j l%ufhka jeäjk
m%fõ.fhka" tkï ;ajrKfhka hq;j= O ,laIH yryd (+)
ÈYdjg .uka lrhs' ''
SO O
05' taldldr ukaokfhka (+) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu' S (m)
(a).
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh Y=kHh fõ' tuksid jia;=j O j,ska .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § nEjqu wêl fõ' tuksid O j,ska wêl m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUhs'
w nEjqu (+) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (+) h' tkï jia;=j O isg A foig .uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ nEjqu l%ufhka wvqfõ' tkï m%fõ.h l%ufhka wvqfõ' tneúka
t (s)
jia;=j ukaokh fõ'
" O j,ska wêl m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUk jia;=j O j,ska S(+) ukaOkfhka
→
bj;g [(+) ÈYdjg] l%ufhka wvqjk m%fõ.fhka h q ; = j V(+)
tkï ukaokfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs' " "
S(m)
(b). O A
w t = 0 § (+) wka;#Lkavhla mj;S' ∴ jia;=jg wdrïNl úia:dmkhla mj;S'
w t = 0 § wêl wkql%uKhla mj;S' tuksid jia;=j wêl m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUhs'
S0
w wkql%uKh (+) fõ' m%fõ.h (+) fõ' tuksid jia;=j (+) ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ wkql%uKh wvqfõ' tuksid jia;=fõ m%fõ.h l%ufhka wvq fõ' tuksid
t(s) jia;=j ukaokh fõ'
'' O j,g (+) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIHhl isg wêl →
m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd l%ufhka wvqjk m%fõ.fhka hq;j
=
tkï" ukaokfhka hq;=j O j,ska bj;g .uka lrhs'
O
SO
(c). S (m)
w t = 0 § (-) wka;#Lkavhla mj;S' ∴ wdrïNl úia:dmkh (-) fõ' tkï
O j,g (-) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIhl isg .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wêl wkql%uKhla mj;S' tuksid jia;=j wêl m%fõ.fhka
t (s) hq;=j .uka wrUhs'
S0 w wkql%uKh (+) fõ' tuksid m%fõ.h (+) fõ' tneúka jia;=j (+)
ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ wkql%uKh wvqfõ' tkï l%ufhka m%fõ.h wvqfõ' tuksid jia;=j ukaokfhka hq;=j .uka
lrhs'
PHT 5310 18 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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 → '' O j,g (-) me;af;a wE;ska jQ ,laIHhl mj;sk jia;j
=
wêl m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd l%ufhka wvqjk m%fõ.fhka
hq;j
= tkï ukaokfhka hq;j = O ,laIH o miqlr (+) ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs' ''
SO O
S (m) t = 0 § weÈ
06' taldldr ;ajrKfhka (-) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu'
(a). iam¾Ylh
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh (+) fõ' tkï jia;=jg wdrïNl úia:dmkhla we;'
jia;=j O g wE;skajQ A jeks ,laIhlska .uka wrUhs' S0
w t = 0 § wkql%uKh ^nEjqu& Y=kH fõ' tkï t = 0 § m%fõ.h Y=kH fõ' tkï
jia;=j ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUhs'
w m%iA;drfha wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu (-) fõ' tkï jia;=j A isg O foig t (s)
.uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ nEjqu l%ufhka jeäfõ' tkï jia;=fõ m%fõ.h jeäfõ' tkï jia;=j A isg O olajd
;ajrKhlska hq;=j .uka lrhs'
" O j,g wE;ska jQ ,laIHhlska [+ me;af;a ] .uka wrUk → V(-)
jia;=j ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd l%ufhka jeäjk
m%fõ.fhka hq;j
= tkï ;ajrKfhka hq;j= .uka lr wêl ;ajrKfhka
m%fõ.fhka O ,laIh lrd meñfKa' " " O S(+) A
(b).
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavhla Y=kH fõ' tkï wdrïNl úia:dmkh Y=kHh fõ'
S (m)
w t = 0 § wkql%uKh Y=kHh fõ' tuksid wdrïNl m%fõ.h Y=kHh fõ'
w wkql%uKh (-) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (-) fõ' tuksid jia;=j O j,ska (-) ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs'
w wkql%uKfha úYd,;ajh l%ufhka jeä fõ' tkï m%fõ.h jeä fõ' tneúka t (s)
jia;=j ;ajrKh fõ'

'' O j,ska ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=j l%ufhka

jeäjk m%fõ.fhka hq;=j" tkï ;ajrKfhka hq;=j o →
isg B foig ^ - ÈYdjg & .uka lrhs' "
B O
(c).
w t = 0 § (-) wka;#Lkavhla mj;S' ∴ jia;=j o g (-) me;af;a wE;ska jQ S(m)
,laIhl isg .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkql%uKh Y=kHhls' tuksid jia;=j ksYap,;djfhka .uka O t(s)
wrUhs'
- S0
w wkql%uKh (-) fõ' tuksid m%fõ.h (-) fõ' tneúka jia;=j o j,ska
(-) ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ wkql%uKfha úYd,;ajh jeä fõ' tuksid l%ufhka m%fõ.h
jeäfõ' jia;=j ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs'
'' O j,g (-) me;a f ;a wE;s k a jQ ,la I Hhl is g
^ksYap,;djfhka & .uka wrUk jia;=j O j,ska (-)
ÈYdjg ^ O is g B foig & l% u fhka jeäjk →
m%fõ.fhka fyj;a ;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs' ''
B O A
07' taldldr ukaokfhka (-) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu' - SO
(a).
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh (+) fõ' tkï jia;=jg wdrïNl úia:dmkhla we;' S (m)
tkï jia;=j O g wE;skajQ A jeks ,laIhlska .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wkql%uKh ^nEjqu& wêl fõ' tkï t = 0 § wêl m%fõ.hla mj;S'
tkï jia;=j wêl m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUhs'
w m%iA;drfha wkql%uKh fyj;a nEjqu (-) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (-) fõ' tkï
jia;=j A isg O foig .uka lrhs'
w ld,h iuÕ nEjqu l%ufhka jeäfõ' tkï m%fõ.h wvqfõ' tneúka jia;=j
t (s)
A isg O foig ukaokhlska hq;=j .uka lrhs'
PHT 5310 19 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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 " O j,g wE;ska jQ ,laIHhlska [+ me;af;a ] wêl → V(-)
m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUk jia;=j" l%ufhka wvqjk ukaOkfhka
m%fõ.fhka hq;=j tkï ukaOkfhka hq;=j .ukalr"
O j,§ ksYap,;djhg m;afõ' " O S(+) A
(b). S (m)
w t = 0 § wka;#Lkavh Y=kH fõ' tkï wdrïNl úia:dmkh Y=kh fõ' tkï
jia;=j O j,ska .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wêl nEjqula mj;S' tkï wêl wdrïNl m%fõ.hla mj;S'
w m%iA;drfha wkql%uKh (-) fõ' tkï m%fõ.h (-) fõ' tkï jia;=j O isg B
t (s)
foig .uka lrhs'
w m%iA;drfha wkql%uKh l%ufhka wvqfõ' tkï m%fõ.h wvqfõ' tkï jia;=fõ
p,s;h ukaokhls'
" O j,ska wêl m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUk jia;j
= " l%ufhka
wvqjk m%fõ.fhka hq;=j tkï ukaokfhka hq;=j O isg → V(-)
B foig .uka lrhs' "
B S(-) O
(c).
S (m)
w t = 0 § (-) wka;#LKavhla mj;S' tuksid O j, (-) me;af;a we;ska jQ ,laIHl
isg .uka wrUhs'
w t = 0 § wêl wkql%uKhla we;' tuksid wêl wdrïNl m%fõ.hla mj;S'
w wkql%uKh (-) fõ' tuksid jia;=j O j,ska (-) ÈYdjg .uka lrhs' - SO t (s)
w ld,h iuÕ wkql%uKfha úYd,;ajh wvqfõ' tuksid jia;=j ukaokh fõ'

" O j,g (-) me;af;a wE; ,laIhl mj;sk jia;=j wêl

m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUd l%ufhka wvqjk m%fõ.fhka hq;j
= " tkï
ukaokfhka hq;=j O j,ska (-) ÈYdjg ^ O isg B foig & .uka →
lrhs'"
igyk B O
- SO

(a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c)

by; m%ia;dr ;=fka (+) wkql%uKfha úYd,;ajh by; m%ia:dr ;=fkka RK wkql%uKfha úYd,;ajh
jeäu jkafka (a) m%iA;drfha h' jeäu jkafka (a) m%iA;drfha h'
úiª wNHdi - 14
ir, f¾Çhj p,kh jk jia ; = j la i|yd jQ fuu
úia:dmkh (s) - ld, (t) m%ia;drh i,ld ms<s;=re imhkak'
^ ;ajrKh fyda ukaokh taldldr nj i,lkak'&
(a)' my; i|yka tla tla ld, mrdij,§ p,s;h fln÷ ±hs
olajkak'
(i). 0 isg 1 s olajd (ii). 1 s isg 2 s olajd
(iii). 2 s isg 3 s olajd (iv). 3 s isg 4 s olajd
(v). 4 s isg 5 s olajd (vi). 5 s isg 6 s olajd'

(b). jia;=fõ wdrïNl m%fõ.h (+) o" (-) o" Y=kH o @ Tn th ±k.kafka flfia o @
(c). jia;=j p,s;h wdrïN lr we;af;a iuqoafoaY ,laIHfha isg o" Bg (+) ÈYdfõ isg o" Bg (-) ÈYdfõ isg o@
(d). jia;=j (+) ÈYdfõ ksYap,j ;sfnk úg thg iuqoafoaY ,laIHfha isg we;s ÿr fldmuK o @
(e). jia;=j wjidkfha § ksYap, jkafka ljr ia:dkhl§ o @
(f). jia;=j iuqoafoaY ,laIHh miq lrñka (+) ÈYdfõ isg (-) ÈYdjg .uka lrkafka ljr ld, mrdih ;=< o@
(g). fuu m%ia;drfha ±lafjk uq¿ ld, iSudj ;=<§ jia;=fõ uOHkH m%fõ.h fldmuK o @

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 úi÷u
(i). taldldr m%fõ.fhka (+) ÈYdjg p,kh fõ' (ii). taldldr ukaokfhka (+) ÈYdjg p,kh fõ'
(iii). (+) ÈYdfõ ksYap,j mj;S' (iv). taldldr ;ajrKfhka (-) ÈYdjg p,kh fõ'
(v). taldldr m%fõ.fhka (-) ÈYdjg p,kh fõ' (vi). taldldr ukaokfhka (-) ÈYdjg p,kh fõ'
(b).wdrïNl m%fõ.h (+) h" wdrïNl wkql%uKh (+) neúks' (c). iuqoafoaY ,laIHfha isgh' (d). 4 m
(e).iuqoafoaY ,laIHhg 3 m la wE;ska (-) ÈYdfõ h' (f). 4 s isg 5 s olajd jQ ld, mrdifha §h'
uq¿ úia:dmkh
(g).uOHkH m%fõ.h = = - 3 m / 6 s = -0.5 ms-1
uq¿ ld,h
úiª wNHdi - 15
hï jia;=jla i|yd jQ my; ±lafjk p,s; úia;rh wkqj tu jia;=fõ p,s;h i|yd wod, úia:dmk
(s) - ld, (t) m%ia;drh w¢kak'
jia;=jla iuqoafoaY ,laIHfha isg ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd (+) ÈYdjg taldldr ;ajrKfhka hq;=j
t = 1 s jk f;la p,kh ù bka miq (+) ÈYdjg taldldr m%fõ.fhka t = 3 s jk f;la p,kh ù t = 3 s úg
§ iuqoafoaY ,laIHhg 4 m la (+) ÈYdfõ msysgd" laIKslj (-) ÈYdjg m%fõ.hla ,ndf.k t = 5 s jk ;=re
(-) ÈYdjg ukaokhlska .uka lr t = 5 s úg § laIKslj ksYap, ù wk;=rej (+) ÈYdjg jQ ;ajrKhla
hgf;a t = 7 s jk ;=re .uka lr t = 7 s úg § úia:dmkh + ÈYdfõ 3 m f,i ;sìh § laIKslj ^-& ÈYdjg
m%fõ.hla ,ndf.k tu m%fõ.fhka taldldrj .uka lr t = 8 s jk úg wdrïNl iuqoafoaY ,laIHh miq
lrñka (-) ÈYdjg hhs' t = 9 s jk úg iuqoafoaY ,laIHhg 3 m la ^-& ÈYdfõ § laIKslj ksYap,;djg m;aù
t = 10 s jk f;la ksYap,j mj;S'
úi÷u

úiª wNHdi - 16
S(m)
A yd B jia;= follg wod, úia:dmk - ld, m%iA;dr my; mßÈ tlu B
m%iA;drhl weo we;' A iy B f.a m%fõ. w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
úi÷u A
úia:dmk - ld, m%iA;drfha wkql%uKfhka m%fõ.h ksrEmkh fõ'
∴ A ys m%fõ.h VA = Tan 30 = 1 / √3 600
300
∴ B ys m%fõ.h VB = Tan 60 = √3 t(s)

∴ VA 1/√3 1 ∴ VA 1
= = =
VB √3 3 VB 3
úiª wNHdi - 17
rEm igykg wod,j my; m%Yakj,g S (m)
ms<s;=re imhkak'
^01&' wxY=j ksYap,j we;af;a (02&. C ys§ m%fõ.h
^03&' wxY=jg taldldr (+) m%fõ.hla we;af;a 15 E
^04&. 20 s l§ .shÿr
^05&. wxY=j kej; wdrïNl ,laIhg meñfKkafka D
10
(06&. uq¿ úia:dmkh ^07&. .uka l< uq¿ ÿr
^08&' wxY= p,s;h i|yd idudkH m%fõ.h
(09&' wxY=fõ p,s;h i|yd idudkH fõ.h F
5 10 15 θ
^10&' 10 s la jk úg úia:dmkh 0
C 20 25 30 t (s)
^11&' 10 s lg miq m%fõ.h
^12&' wxY=jg(+) ;ajrKhla we;af;a
^13&' wxY=jg (-) ;ajrKhla we;af;a
^14&'m%fõ.h (+) isg (-) g udre jkafka -10
A B
^15&' ;ajrKh Ok isg iDKg udrejkafka
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 úi÷u
(1). 5 s isg 10 s olajd ^ A isg B olajd &
(2). VC = Tan θ [ BD fldgfia § wkql%uKh ]
VC = ∆S / ∆t
10
= = 2 ms-1
20 - 15

(3). 10 s isg 20 s olajd ^ B isg D olajd &

B isg D olajd wkql%uKh ksh; neúka m%fõ.h ksh; fõ' wkql%uKh (+) neúka m%fõ.h (+) fõ'

(4). 5 s l§ taldldr m%fõ.fhka (-) ÈYdjg .sh ÿr = 10 m

5 s isg 10 s olajd ksYap,j we;s neúka 10 s jk ÿr = 10 m u fõ'
B ys§ jia;=j wdmiq yeÍ 10 s isg 20 s olajd taldldr m%fõ.fhka (+) ÈYdjg .uka lr we;s ÿr"
= 20 m
∴ 20 s jk úg .uka lr we;s uq¿ ÿr = 10 + 20
= 30 m
10 s jk úg 15 s jk úg 20 s jk úg

10 cm O 10 cm
5 s jk úg

(5)' wxY=j kej; wdrïNl ,laIhg meñfkkafka 15 s § ^ C j,§ & yd 30 s § h (F j,§ )

(6)' Y=kH fõ' ^m%iA;drh wjidkfha ld, wlaIh yuqjk neúka uq¿ úia:dmkh Y=kH fõ
^7&' ^4& fldgig wkqj 20 s l§ .sh ÿr = 30 m
20 s isg 25 s olajd ukaokfhka .sh ÿr = 5m
25 s isg 30 s l§ wdmi yeÍ ukaokfhka .sh ÿr = 15 m
.uka l, uq¿ ÿr = 30 + 5 + 15
= 50 m

10 s jk úg 25 s jk úg

10 cm O 15 cm
5 s jk úg 30 s jk úg
uq¿ úia:dmkh
^8&' idudkH m%fõ.h =
uq¿ ld,h = 0

uq¿ ÿr 50
^9&' idudkH fõ.h = = = 1.67 ms-1
.;jQ uq¿ ld,h 30
^10&' - 10 m
^11&' 10 s lg miq wxY=j taldldr (+) m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUhs' tuksid 10 s lg miq m%fõ.h by; (02) ys
.Kkh l< C ys m%fõ.hu fõ' tkï 2 ms-1 fõ'

^12&' (+) ;ajrKhlaa we;s wjia:djl fkdue;

^13&' D isg E olajd iy E isg F olajd wjia:d fofla§u ukaokfhka .uka lrhs'
^14&' E ys §h'
^15&' fkdue;'

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 úiª wNHdi - 18
my; i|yka p,s;hkag úia:dmk - ld, pl% ks¾udKh lrkak' úia:dmkh 0 isg ukskq ,efí'
(a). wxY=jla 0 j,ska ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd jeäjk m%fõ.fhka t1 ld,hla .uka fldg tu ,nd.;a
m%fõ.fhka t2 ld,h olajd p,kh fõ'
(b). wxY=jla wêl Ok m%fõ.hlska O j,ska .uka wrUd ukaokh ù ksYap,j wdmiq yeÍ O lrd taldldr
m%fõ.fhka meñfKa'
(c). wxY=jla t1 ld,hla O ys k;r ù ;sî taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd t2 ld,hla .uka lrhs' bka miqj
l%ufhka fõ.h wvq lrk wxY=j t3 ld,hl§ ksYap,;djhg m;afõ'
(d). wxY=jla wêl m%fõ.fhka O j,ska .uka wrUd ukaokh ù ksYap,;djg m;afõ' bka miq ál fõ,djla
t;eku k;rj ;sfnk wxY=j wdmiq taldldr m%fõ.fhka tu ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
(e). wxY=jla wE; ,CIhl isg ksYap,;djfha isg jeä jk (-) m%fõ.hlska O fj; meñK O j,§ wêl
m%fõ.hlska wdmiq yef¾' bkamiq l%ufhka wvqjk m%fõ.hlska O j,ska bj;g ù ál fõ,djl§ k;r
fõ'

úi÷u
S(m) S(m) S(m) (c) S(m) (d)
(a) (b)

t1 t2 t(s) t(s) t1 t2 t3 t(s) t(s)

S(m)
(e)

úiª wNHdi - 19
my; úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drj, ±lafjk wxY+kaf.a p,s;hka úia;r lrkak'

S (b) S (a) S (c) t(s)

t1 t2 t3 t
t1 t2 t3 t t1 t2 t3 t4 t

úi÷u
(a). wxY=j O j,ska .uka wrUd t1 ld,hla taldldr m%fõ.hlska .uka fldg t1 isg t2 olajd ld,h k;rj
mj;S' bkamiq wêl m%fõ.hlska yefrk wxY=j l%ufhka wvqjk (-) m%fõ.hlska p,kh ù t3 ld,fha §
ksYap,;djhg m;aj t4 olajd ksYap,j mj;S' bka miqj taldldr m%fõ.hlska wxY=j wdmiq O j,g meñfKa'
(b). wxY=j O j,ska wêl m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUd ukaokfhka .uka fldg t1 ld,hl§ ksYap, fõ' bkamiqj
wdmiq yefrk wxY=j taldldr (-) m%fõ.hlska wdmiq O foig meñK t2 ld,hlg miq lIKslj ksYap, fõ'
t3 olajd k;rj mj;sk wxY=j bkamiq ksYap,;djfhka l%ufhka jeäjk m%fõ.hlska kej; O j,ska
bj;g .uka lrhs'
(c). O j,g m%;súreoaO me;af;ka taldldr m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUk wxY=j t1 ld,hl§ O miq lr hhs't2
ld,hlska miq m%fõ.h l%ufhka wvq ùug mgka f.k t2 ld,hl§ wxY=j ksYap, ù wdmiq yef¾' bkamiq
ksYap,;djfha isg l%ufhka jeä jk (-) m%fõ.hlska wxY=j wdmiq O j,gu meñfKa'

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 V (ms -1 )
m%fõ. ld, m%ia;dr ^Velocity - time graphs) ( V - t )
ir, f¾Ldjl p,s;jk wxY=jl ld,h iuÕ m%fõ.h úp,kh jk wdldrh
m%iA;dr .; l,úg m%fõ. ld, m%iA;drhla ,efí' ∆V
θ
wwka;(LKavfhka wdrïNl m%fõ.h ksrEmkh fõ' U
∆t
θ
wm%iA;drfha wkql%uKfhka ;ajrKh ksrEmkh fõ'
t (s)
∆V ∆v
wkql%uKh = Tan θ = a =
∆t ∆t
B
wm%fõ. - ld, m%iA;drhl m%iA;drfhka wdjrKh jk lafIa;%M,fhka jia;=fõ ∆V
A
isÿjQ úia:dmkh ksrEmkh fõ' ∆t
A ,laIHfha§ m%fõ.h = V
B ,laIfha§ m%fõ.h = V + ∆V C D
A ,laIfha§ ld,h = t
B ,laIH§ .;ù we;s ld,h = t + ∆t
ABCD j¾.M,h = 1 (V + V + ∆v ) x ∆t ∆S
2
A B
ABCD j¾.M,h 1
= (2V + ∆ V ) ∆t ...................(1)
2

∆ t ld,h ;=< isÿjQ úia:dmkh = idudkH m%fõ.h X ld,h = V + V + ∆V ∆t

2
∆t ld,h ;=< isÿjQ úia:dmkh = 1
(2V + ∆ V ) ∆t ..................(2)
2
∴ 1 ka yd 2 ka
∆t ld,h ;=< isÿjQ úia:dmkh = ABCD j¾.M,h

igyk V
j¾.M,h ie,lsfï§ th (+) yd (-) hkqfjka wdldr follska
hqla; nj f;areï .; hq;=h' ld, wlaIhg by<ska jQ j¾.M,h S1 S3
V
(+) f,io" ld, wlaIhg my<ska jQ j¾.M,h (-) f,io .kq S2
,efí' (+) j¾.M,h u.ska (+) ÈYdjg we;s úia:dmk fjki
±lafõ' (-) j¾.M,h u.ska (-) ÈYdjg we;sjQ úia:dmk fjkia
±lafõ'

w S1 iy S3 j¾.M, (+) o" S2 j¾.M,h (+) o S2 j¾.M,h (-) o fõ'

∴ (+) ÈYdjg jQ úia:dmk fjki = S 1 + S3
(-) ÈYdjg jQ úia:dmk fjki = S2
∴ uq¿ úia:dmk fjki = S1 + S3 - S2 [ (+) ÈYdj ]
.uka l, uq¿ ÿr = S1 + S2 + S3

úúO p,s; i|yd m%fõ. - ld, m%ia;dr

m%fõ. - ld, m%iA;dr weiqßka jia;=fõ p,s; iajNdjh úia;r lsÍu b;d
myiqfõ'
V(ms-1)
(i). ksYp
a ,;djh
jia;=j ksYap, úg m%fõ.h Y=kH fõ' tuksid m%iA;drh ld, wlaIh u;u msysghs'
t(s)

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(ii). taldldr m%fõ.fhka (+) ÈYdjg p,kh ùu
m%fõ.h taldldr neúka (+) m%fõ. w.h ksh;j mj;S' m%ia;drfha wkql%uKh V(ms-1)
Y=kH fõ' tneúka ;ajrKh Y=kH fõ'
→ V ksh;

t(s)
O
'' O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUk jia;j
= tu taldldr m%fõ.fhkau O j,ska (+) ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs'"
ie'hq' m%fõ. ld, m%ia;drhla u.ska jia;=jl wdrïNl msysàu ±laùu wmyiq fõ'

(iii). taldldr m%fõ.fhka (-) ÈYdjg p,kh ùu

V(ms-1)
→
t(s)

B O -V
'' O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUk jia;=j tu taldldr m%fõ.fhka (-) ÈYdjg .uka
lrhs'"
(iv). (+) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKfhka (+) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu
w (+) ÈYdjg p,s; jk neúka m%fõ.h (+) fõ' tneúka m%fõ. wlaIfha (+) w.hhka muKla Ndú;d l,
hq;=h'
w (+) ÈYdjg jQ ;ajrKhla neúka V - t m%ia:drfha wkql%uKho (+) úh hq;=h'
w ;ajrKh taldldr neúka (+) wkql%uKh ksh; úh hq;=h'
V(ms-1) → V (+)
(a).

O S (+) A
t(s)
" O j,ska ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=j (+) ÈYdjg taldldr
;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs "

(b). V(ms-1)
→ V (+)

O S (+)
t(s)
" O j,ska hï m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUk jia;=j (+) ÈYdjg taldldr
;ajrKfhka hq;=j .uka lrhs' "

(v). (+) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokfhka (+) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu V(ms-1)

w (+) ÈYdjg p,s; jk neúka m%fõ. wlaIfha (+) w.hhka muKla Ndú;d u
l, hq;=h'
w (+) ÈYdjg jQ ukaokhla neúka wkql%uKh (-) úh hq;=h'
w ukaokh taldldr neúka (-) wkql%uKh ksh; úh hq;=h' t(s)
→ V (+)
" O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka
wrUk jia;=j (+) ÈYdjg taldldr u → V=0
uka o kfhka .uka l r
ksYap,;djhg m;afõ' " O S (+) A
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(vi). (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKfhka (-) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu
w (-) ÈYdjg p,s; jk neúka m%fõ. wlaIfha (-) w.hhka muKla Ndú;d l, hq;=h'
w (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKhla neúka th (+) ÈYdj wkqnoaOfhka taldldr ukaokhla fia ie,lsh
yelsh' tneúka V - t m%iA;drfha wkql%uKh (-) úh hq;=h'
w ;ajrKh taldldr neúka wkql%uKh ksh; úh hq;=h'

(a). V(ms-1) V(-) →

O
t(s)
B O

" O j,ska ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk (-) ÈYdjg taldldr ;ajrKfhka .uka lrhs' "

(b). V(ms-1)

t(s) " O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUd (-) ÈYdjg taldldr ;ajrKhlska
hq;=j .uka lrhs "

(vii). (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokfhka (-) ÈYdjg p,s; ùu

w (-) ÈYdjg p,skh jk neúka m%fõ. wlaIfha (-) w.hhka muKla Ndú;d l, hq;=h'
w (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhla neúka th (+) ÈYdj wkqnoaOfhka taldldr ;ajrKhla ie,lsh yelsh'
tneúka V - t m%ia;drfha wkql%uKh (+) úh hq;=h' V(ms-1)
w ukaokh taldldr neúka wkql%uKh ksh; úh hq;=h'
V(-) → t(s)

B S(-) O

" O j,ska hï m%fõ.hlska .uka wrUd (-) ÈYdjg taldldr ukaokfhka hq;=j p,s; ù ksYap, fõ' "

igyk
by; m%iA;dr ,nd .ekSfï§ (-) ÈYdjg ;ajrK iy (-) ÈYdjg jQ ukaok" (+) ÈYdj wkqnoaOfhka i,ld
n,d we;' v - t m%ia;dr i|yd wkql%uKh = ;ajrKh hkak fhdod .ekSfï§ iEu úgu tfia (+) ÈYdj
wkqnoaOfhka ie,lsh hq;=h' fï wkqj"
V(ms-1)
(-) ÈYdjg jQ ;ajrKh = (+) ÈYdjg jQ ukaokh A
(-) ÈYdjg jQ ukaokh = (+) ÈYdjg jQ ;ajrKh O B
t(s)
Wod : - (i)
O A C

w fuu m%ia;drfha A isg B olajd we;af;a (+) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhls' ^+ ÈYdjg jQ m%fõ.fha
úYd,;ajh wlaIhg iudkqmd;slj wvqjk neúka th taldldr ukaokhls'&
w B isg C olajd ±lafjkafka (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKhls' ^ - ÈYdjg jQ m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh ld,hg
iudkqmd;slj jeäjk neúka th taldldr ;ajrKhls' & tfy;a ABC hkq tlu ksh; wkql%uKhla iys;
ir, f¾Ldjla neúka"

" (-) ÈYdjg jQ ;ajrKh = (+) ÈYdjg jQ ukaokh nj meyeÈ,s fõ'

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 (ii) V(ms-1)
C
O
w fuu m%iA;drfha BC fldgiska ±lafjkafka (+) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr O B
t(s)
;ajrKhls' ^ (+) m%fõ. w.h ld,hg iudkqmd;slj jeäjk neúks' &
w A isg B olajd ±lafjkafka (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhls' ^ (-) m%fõ. A
w.h ld,hg iudkqmd;slj wvqjk neúks & tfy;a ABC hkq tlu ksh;
wkql%uKhla iys; ir, f¾Ldjla neúka"

" (-) ÈYdjg jQ ukaokh = (+) ÈYdjg jQ ;ajrKh" nj meyeÈ,s fõ'

m%fõ. - ld, m%ia;dr iïnJO úiª wNHdi

úiª wNHdi - 20
rEmfha ±lafjkqfha jia;=jl p,s;hg wod,j wÈk ,o
m%fõ. - ld, m%iA;drhls'

(i). jia;=fõ p,s;h úia;r lrkak'

(ii). jia;=fõ ;ajrKh fidhkak'
(iii). jia;=fõ ukaokh fidhkak'
(iv). jia;=j isÿl, o uq¿ úia:dmkh fidhkak'

úi÷u
(i). ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=j taldldr ;ajrKfhka 2 s l ld,hla p,s; ù 8 ms-1 m%fõ.hla
,nd.kS' bkamiq jia;=j tu taldldr m%fõ.fhkau 5 s la p,s; ù bkamiq taldldr ukaokfhka hq;=j
.ukalr ksYap,;djhg m;afõ'
(ii). ;ajrKh = OA fldgfia wkql%uKh (iii). uka O kh = BC fldgfia wkql%uKh
;ajrKh = 8/2 = -8 / 4
= 4 ms-2 = - 2 ms-2
(iv). isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkh = OABC j¾.M,h
S = 1/2 ( 5 + 11) x 8
S = 64 m

úiª wNHdi - 21
my; ±lafjk m%fõ. (V) - ld, (t) m%ia;drh i,ld
n,kak'

(a). my; ±lafjk tla tla ld, mrdih ;=<§ p,s;

iajNdjh úia;r lrkak'
(i). 0 isg 2 s olajd (ii). 2 s isg 4 s olajd
(iii). 4 s isg 5 s olajd (iv). 5 s isg 6 s olajd
(v). 6 s isg 7 s olajd
(b). p,s; ÈYdj fjkia jkafka ljr ;;amrfha § o @
(c). m<uq ;;amr 2 ;=,§ ;ajrKh fldmuK o @
(d). t = 4 s yd t = 6 s w;r ld,fha § ukaokh fldmuK o @
(e). + ÈYdjg isÿjQ úia:dmkh fldmuK o @
(f). - ÈYdjg isÿjQ úia:dmkh fldmuK o @
(g). uq¿ úia:dmkh fldmuK o @
(h). uq¿ p,s;h i|yd uOHkH m%fõ.h fldmuK o @

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 úi÷u (b). t = 5 s jk úgh'
(a).(i).taldldr ;ajrKfhka + ÈYdjg p,kh fõ' (c). ;ajrKh = wkql%uKh
(ii). taldldr m%fõ.fhka + ÈYdjg p,kh fõ' 4 - 0 ms-1
(iii). taldldr ukaokfhka + ÈYdjg p,kh fõ' =
2-0s
(iv). taldldr ;ajrKfhka - ÈYdjg p,kh fõ' = 2 ms-2
(v). taldldr ukaokfhka - ÈYdjg p,kh fõ'
(d). ukaokh = wkql%uKh
(e). úia:dmkh = j¾.M,h 4 - 0 ms-1
(5-0)+(4-2)x(4-0) =
= 5-4s
2 = 4 ms-2
= 7/2 x 2
= 14 m (g). uq¨ úia:dmkh = + 14 - 4
= 10 m
(f). úia:dmkh = j¾.M,h
1 uq¿ úia:dmkh
= (7-5)+(4-0) (h). uOHkH m%fõ.h =
2 uq¿ ld,h
= 1/2 x 2 x 4 10 m
= 4 m = 7s
úiª wNHdi - 22 = 1.43 ms-1
hï jia;=jla i|yd jQ my; ±lafjk p,s; úia;rh wkqj tu jia;=fõ p,s;h i|yd wdod, m%fõ. (V)
- ld, (t) m%ia;drh w¢kak'
2 ms -1 m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUd + ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKhla hgf;a t = 5 s f;la .uka lr
4 ms-1 m%fõ.hla ,ndf.k bka miq m%fõ.h ksh;j ;nd .ksñka t = 10 s f;la .uka lrhs' t = 10 s
isg t = 11 s olajd + ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhla hgf;a .uka lr t = 11 s ys§ laIKslj ksYap,;djhlg
m;afõ' wk;=rej t = 11 s isg t = 12 s olajd taldldr ;ajrKfhka + ÈYdjg .ukalr 2 ms-1 m%fõ.hla
,nd.kS' t = 12 s isg t = 13 s olajd + ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhka hgf;a .uka lr t = 13 s ys§
laIKslj ksYap,;djhlg m;a ù tu taldldr ukaokh hgf;au t = 13 s isg t = 14 s olajd - ÈYdjg .uka
lr - 2 ms-1 m%fõ.hla ,nd.kS' t = 14 s isg t = 15 s olajd - ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhla hgf;a .uka
lr t = 15 s jk úg ksYap,;djhg m;afõ'
úi÷u

úiª wNHdi - 23
tla;rd jia;=jl p,s;hg wod, m%fõ. - ld,
m%iA;drhla fuys ±lafõ'
(i). jia;=fõ p,s;h úia;r lrkak'
(ii). jia;=j isÿlrk p,s;fha§ ;ajrKhka fidhkak'
(iii). jia;=fõ ukaokh fidhkak'
(iv). O isg C olajd p,s;fha § idudkH m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(v). jia;=j isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkh fidhkak'
úi÷u
(i). ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUk jia;=j taldldr ;ajrKfhka 10 s la .uka 20 ms-1 m%fõ.hla ,ndf.k tu
,nd.;a m%fõ.fhka 20 s olajd p,k ù bkamiq taldldr ukaOkfhka .ukalr 25 s jk úg ksYap,fõ'
bkamiq 35 s olajd ksYap,j mj;sk jia;=j wdmiq yeÍ taldldr ;ajrKfhka hq;=j 40 s olajd .uka lrhs'
(ii). OB fldgfia ;ajrKh = 2 ms-2 (iii).ukaOkh = - 4 ms-2
-2
EF fldgfia ;ajrKh = 2 ms

1
(iv). O isg C olajd idudkH m%fõ.h O isg C olajd úia:dmkh /2 (20 + 10) x 20
= =
.;jQ ld,h 20
= 15 ms-1
(v). uq¿ úia:dmkh = OBCD j¾.M,h - EF fldgfia j¾.M,h = 350 - 25 = 325 m

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úiª wNHdi - 24
my; ±lafjk m%fõ. - ld, m%iA;drj,g wod, úia:dmk ld, m%iA;dr wÈkak'

;ajrK - ld, m%ia;dr ^úIh ks¾foaYhg wod< ke;'&

ir, f¾Ldjl p,s; jk jia;=jl ld,h iuÕ ;ajrKh úp,kh jk whqre m%iA;dr.; l,úg ;ajrK
ld, m%iA;drhla ,efí'

úúO p,s; wjia:d i|yd ;ajrK - ld, m%ia;dr

(i) ksYap,;djh fyda taldldr m%fõ.h a(ms-2)
fuys§ m%iA;drh ld, wlaIh u; ,efí' ;ajrKh Y=kH jk úg p,s;h
taldldr m%fõ.h fyda ksYap,;djh fyda úh yelsh'
taldldr m%fõ.hla mj;skafka kï th we;af;a (+) ÈYdjg o ke;fyd;a
(-) ÈYdjgo hkak fuu m%ia;drfhka ±laúh fkdyelsh' a(ms-2)
t(s)
(ii) (+) ÈYdjg taldldr ;ajrKhla hgf;a p,s; ùu'
fuys§ a ys w.h (+) o ksh; o fõ' (+) ÈYdjg jQ
taldldr ;ajrKhla hgf;a jia;=j p,kh jkafka
(+) ÈYdjg o ke;fyd;a (-) ÈYdjg o hkak fuu
m%iA;drfhka ±laúh fkdyelsh' t(s)

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29
 (iii) (+) ÈYdjg taldldr ukaokhla hgf;a p,s; ùu'
a(ms-2)
fuys§ a ys w.h (-) o ksh; o fõ' (+) ÈYdjg jQ ukaokh hgf;a
jia;=j p,kh jkafka (+) ÈYdjg o ke;fyd;a (-) ÈYdjg o hkak
t(s) fuu m%iA;drfhka ±laúh fkdyelsh'

a(ms -2)

(iv). (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKhla hgf;a p,s; ùu' t(s)

(-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ;ajrKhla hkq (+) ÈYdj wkqnoaOfhka ie,l+úg 0
taldldr ukaokhls' tneúka m%iA;drh ld, wlaIh my<ska msysghs'
a(ms-2)
(v). (-) ÈYdjg jQ taldldr ukaokhla hgf;a p,s; ùu'

(-) ÈYdjg taldldr ukaokhla hkq" (+) ÈYdj wkqnoaOfhka

taldldr ;ajrKhls' tneúka m%iA;drh ld, wlaIhg by<ska
msysghs'
t(s)
a(ms-2)
w ;ajrK - ld, m%iA;drfhka wdjrKh jk j¾.M,fhka m%fõ.h ksrEmKh
A1 fõ'
t
t(s) ld,h t jk fudfydf;a
A2 m%fõ.h = A1 - A2

p,s; m%ia;dr iïnkaO .eg¿''' úia:dmk - ld, m%ia;dr

01''(i). úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhla hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾ o @
(ii). úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhl wka;#Lkavfhka iy wkql%uKfhka l=ula ksrEmKh fõo@
(iii). fuu úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drfha ±lafjk jia;=fõ wdrïNl úia:dmkh S(m)
fldmuK o @ S (m)
(iv)(a).fuys ±la f jk úia : dmk ld, 4
m% i A ; drfha wdrïNl úia : dmkh 3
fldmuK o @ 2 4m
(b).t = 2 s § yd t = 4 s ys§ úia:dmkh 1
fldmuK o @ t(s)
1 2 3 4 5 t(s)
S(m) -1
(v).
5 -2
B
4 P -3
3 -4

2
fuu úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhg wkqj t = 3 s § jia;=fõ
1 A m%fõ.h fidhkak' S(m)
0 7 D
1 2 3 4 t(s)
6
(vi). fuu úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhg wkqj t = 2 s isg t = 5 s olajd Q
5
ld, mrdih ;=, uOHhk ;ajrKh fidhkak'
4
3 B
2 C
02'(i). p,s;h ms<sn| úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhlska l=ula woyia P
1
flf¾o@ tys wkql%uKfhka fyj;a nEjqfuka l=ula ksrEmKh A
fõo@ 0 t(s)
1 2 3 4 5 6
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30 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
 (ii). my; úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drj, p,s;hka úia;r lrkak'
s(m) (a) s(m) (b) s(m) c) s(m) (d)

t (s) t (s) t (s) t (s)

s(m) s(m) s(m) (g) s(m) (h) s(m)
(i)
(e) (f)
t (s) t (s) t (s)

t (s) t (s)

03' my; úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drj, oelafjk wxY+kaf.a p,s;hka úia;r lrkak'
s(m) (a) s(m) (b) s(m) (c)

t1 t2 t1 t2 t1 t2 t3
04' fuys ±lafjkqfha jia;=jl p,s;hg wod, úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhls'

(i). O isg A olajd p,s;fha m%fõ.h fidhkak' (ii). A isg B olajd p,s;fha m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(iii). B isg C olajd p,s;fha m%fõ.h fidhkak' (iv). O isg B olajd uOHhk m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(v). A isg C olajd uOHhk m%fõ.h fidhkak (vi). uq¿ p,s;hg wod, idudkH m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(vii). uq¿ p,s;hg wod, idudkH fõ.h fidhkak'
^W;a' (i). 2 ms-1 (ii). -2 ms-1 (iii). -3 ms-1 (iv). 6/7 ms-1 (v). -19/7 ms-1 (vi). -3/4 ms-1 (vii). 2.4 ms-1 &

05' my; ±lafjk úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drj, p,s;h úia;r lrkak'

06' fmd<j u; isgf.k isák j÷frla fmd<fõ iúlr we;a;djQ 13 m Wiska hqla;jQ isria lKqjla uqÿkg
ke.Sug W;aidy orhs' W! ;;amr 1 l§ lKqfõ 5 m Wila k.sk w;r B,Õ ;;amfrfha § 3 m my,g
,siaidths' kej; W;aidy lsÍfï§ j÷rd ;;amr 1 l§ 5 m ÿrla ke. B,Õ ;;amrfha § 3 m my,g ,siaid
hhs' fuf,iska W;aidy ork j÷rdf.a fuu .uk yd ld,h w;r m%iA;drhla we| j÷rdg lKqfõ uq÷kg
ke.Sug .;jk ld,h .Kkh lrkak' ^;;amr 9&
PHT 5310 31 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
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07' rEmfha oelafjkafka ir, f¾Ldjl p,kh jk wxY=jl úia:dmk
ld, jl%hls'
(a). m<uq 7 s g miq úia:dmkh l=ula o @
(b). wxY=jg ksh; Ok m%fõ.hla we;af;a ljr ld, mr;rhl o@
(c). wxY=j ksYap,j we;s ld, mr;rh l=ula o @
(d). m<uqjk 6 s ;=< idudkH m%fõ.h l=ulao @
(e). 8 s fudfydf;a m%fõ.h l=ulao @
(f). wxY=jg Ok ;ajrKhla we;s ld, mr;rh l=ula o @
(g). ;ajrKh uek .ekSug m%dfhda.sl l%uhla úia;r lrkak'
ms < s ; = r e
(a). -4 m (b). 7 s isg 8.5 s olajd (c).3 s isg 7 s olajd (d). -2/3 ms-1
(e). 4 ms-1 (f). 10 s isg 12 s olajd (g).áls má uqyq¾;lh iïnkaO l%uh

08' rEmfha oelafjkafka ir, f¾Ldjl p,kh jk wxY=jl úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhls'
(a). wxY=fõ wdrïNl m%fõ.h
(b). 10 s g miq úia:dmkh
(c). 10 s g miq idudkH m%fõ.h
(d). wxY=j ksYap, jkafka
(e). wxY=fõ taldldr Ok m%fõ.h
(f). c ys oS m%fõ.h (g). f ysoS ;ajrKh
(h). ;ajrKh + isg - g udre jkafka
(i). ;ajrKh - isg + g udre jkafka
(j). m%fõ.h - isg + g udre jkafka
(k). wxY=j kej; wdrïNl ,laIHhg meñfKkafka
(l). wxY=fõ uq¿ úia:dmkh (m). wxY=j .sh uq¿ ÿr (n). wxY=fõ idudkH m%fõ.h
(o). wxY=fõ idudkH fõ.h (p). FG fldgfia ;ajrKh m%iA;drfhka fidhkafka flfia o @
ms < s ; = r e
(a). -4 ms-1 (b). -20 m (c). -2ms-1 (d). 5s isg 10 s olajd" 20 s ys§ yd 30 s ys§
-1 -1
(e). 4 ms (f). 4 ms (g). + fõ' (h). E (i). F (j). 30 s § (F ys§ &
(k). 15s, 25s yd 40 s § (l ). 0 (m). 120 m (n). 0 (o). 3 ms-1
(p). jl%h u; ,laIH follg iam¾Yl ks¾udKh fldg nEjqï fidhd tu.ska m%fõ. fidhdf.k m%fõ.
fjki ld,fhka fnokak'

m%fõ. - ld, m%ia;dr iïnkaO .eg¿

V (ms-1)
09'(i). m%fõ. ld, m%iA;drhla hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾o@
(ii). fuys ±lafjkqfha jia;=jl p,s;hg wod, m%fõ. ld, m%iA;drhls' jia;=fõ
wdrïNl m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(iii). V(ms-1)
2 ms-1

5
4
B
3 P t(s)
2 fuys ±la f jkq f ha jia ; = j l p,s ; hg wod, v - t
1
A
m%iA;drhls' t = 5 s § jia;=fõ ;ajrKh fidhkak'
0
V(ms-1)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t(s)
(iv). fuys ±lafjk m%fõ. ld, m%iA;drfha 4 s ;=,§ jia;=j isÿl,
úia:dmkh fidhkak' -1 5m
V(ms )
V2
(v). fuu v - t m%ia;drhg wod,j" B
(a). jia;=fõ ;ajrKh"
(b). jia;=fõ úia:dmkh ^t1 isg t2 olajd& V1 A 1 2 3 4 5 t(s)
(c). jia;=fõ idudkH m%fõ.h
fidhkak' t1 t2 t(s)
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32 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA
10'(i). m%fõ. - ld, jl%hlska l=ula woyia flf¾o@ thska jia;=fõ ;ajrKh yd jia;=j isÿl, úia:dmkh
,nd.kakd whqre meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(ii). my; ±lafjk m%fõ. ld, m%iA;drj, p,s;hka úia;r lrkak'
v(ms-1) (a) v(ms-1) (b) v(ms-1) (c) v(ms-1) (d)

t (s) t (s) t (s) t (s)

v(ms-1) (e) v(ms-1) (f) v(ms-1) (g) (h)

v(ms-1)

t (s) t (s) t (s)

t (s)

v(ms-1)
(i)

t (s)

11' W;af;da,hl p,s;hg wod, m%fõ.- ld, m%iA;drhla

fuys ±lafõ'
(i). OA , AB , BC fldgia j, § isÿlrk p,s;h
fláfhka úia;r lrkak'
(ii). W;af;da,lfha ;ajrKh fidhkak' (iii). W;af;da,lh ;ajrKfhka .sh ÿr
(iv). W;af;da,lh taldldr m%fõ.fhka .sh ÿr (v). W;af;da,lfha ukaOkh fidhkak'
(vi). W;af;da,lh ukaokfhka .sh ÿr@
(vii). W;af;da,lfha uq¿ úia:dmkh fidhkak'
W;a" (ii). a = 2.5 ms-1 (iii). 5 m (iv). 5 m (v). 1.25 ms-2 (vi). 10 m (viii). 20 m

12' 70 kg l ialkaOhl we;s l%Svlfhl= ksYap,;djfhka p,s; ùu

ms-1
wrUd ;ajrKh ùu isÿfõ' Tyqf.a p,s;hg wod, m%fõ. ld,
m%iA;drh fuys oelafõ' 10
(i). l%Svlhdf.a ;ajrKh fldmuK fõo@
(ii). 8 s ;=, l%Svlhd fldmuK ÿrla .uka lrhs o@
(iii). 4 s lg miq l%Svlhdf.a pd,l Yla;sh fldmuK fõo@ 0 4 8 t (s)
(iv). 4 s lg miq l%Svlhdf.a .uH;djh fldmuKfõ o@
(v). O isg 8 s ld,h ;=, l%Svlhdf.a .uH;djh úp,kh jk whqre m%ia;dr.; lrkak'
(vi). O isg 8 s ld,h ;=, l%Svlhdf.a pd,l Yla;sh úp,kh jk whqre m%ia;dr.; lrkak'

13' my; ±lafjk m%fõ. ld, m%iA;dr j,g wod, úia:dmk ld, m%iA;dr w¢kak'
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
V V V V V

t t t t t
(vi) (viii) (ix) (x)
(vii) V V V
V V

t t t t
t
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14' 20 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUk r:hla 4s la taldldr ukaokfhka .uka lr ksYap,;djhg m;afõ'
bkamiq wdmiq yefrk wxY=j tu taldldr ;ajrKfhkau , 4 s l§ wdrïNl ,laIHhg meñfKa'
(i). r:fha p,s;hg m%fõ. - ld, jl%h we| tu.ska r:h isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkh iy r:fha uOHl m%fõ.h
fidhkak'
(ii). r:fha p,s;hg wod, fõ. - ld, jl%h we| tu.ska r:h .uka l, uq¿ ÿr iy r:fha uOHl fõ.h
fidhkak'
(iii). r:fha p,s;hg wod, úia:dmk - ld," ÿr - ld, jl% w¢kak'

fõ.h
15' ÿïßhla ks Y a p ,;djfha mgka α ;a j rKfhka .uka lr V v
P Q
m%fõ.hla ,ndf.k tu taldldr m%fõ.fhka hï ld,hla .uka
lr bkamiq β taldldr ukaokfhka p,s; ù ksYap,;djhg m;afõ'
t1 t2 t3
.uka l, uq¿ ÿr L kï .ukg .;jk uq¿ ld,h T kï" 0 M N R
ld,h
T=
V 2 α (
L + V 1 + 1
β ) nj fmkajkak'

16' A yd B r: foll m%fõ. - ld, jl%hka my; ±lafõ'

(i). 0 - 60 s ld,h ;=, A yd B r: j, p,s;h úia;r
lrkak'
(ii). r: foflys fõ. iudk jk úg .; ù we;s ld,h
fldmuK fõo@
(a). 30 s A yd B w;r m%fõ. fjki fidhkak'
(b). 30 s B r:fha ;ajrKh fldmuKo@
(c). 30 isg 60 olajd A r:h .uka l, ÿr fldmuK o@
(iii). A r:h" B r:hg jvd jeä ÿrla 60 s ;=, .uka lr
we;' Tn fuh m%ia;drh weiqfrka meyeÈ,s lrkaafka
flfiao@
17' tla ÿïßh ia:dkhlska ksYap,;djfhka mgka .kakd ÿïßhla m<uq lsf,daóg¾ fol taldldr ;ajrKhlska
o" B<Õ lsf,daóg¾ ;=k taldldr m%fõ.hlska o" wjidk lsf,daógrh taldldr ukaokhlska o hq;=j .uka
fldg fjk;a ÿïßh ia:dkhl§ k;r fõ' ÿïßh ia:dk fol w;r ÿr 6 km o .ukg .;jQ uq¿ ld,h
úkdä 10 o fõ kï" m%fõ. ld, m%ia;drhla Ndú;d fldg ÿïßh .uka l< taldldr m%fõ.ho" ;ajrKh
yd ukaokh o fidhkak' ^W;a 54 kmh-1 )
18' r:hla ksYap,;djfhka .uka wrUd ksh; α ;ajrKfhka .uka lr" bkamiq β ukaokfhka .uka lr
ksYap,;djhg m;afõ' .ukg .;jk uq¿ ld,h t fõ'
(i). r:fha p,s;hg wod, v - t yd s - t m%ia;dr w|skak'
α β t nj fmkajkak'
(ii). r:fha Wmrsu m%fõ.h v =
(α +β)
α β t2 nj fmkajkak'
(iii). r:h .uka l, ÿr s =
2(α +β)
19'(i). fuu úia:dmk ld, m%iA;drhg wod, m%fõ. ld, m%ia;drh w¢kak'

(ii).
fuu jia;=fõ p,s;hg wod, úia:dmk - ld,
m%iA;drh w¢kak'

(iii). fuu jia;=fõ p,s;hg wod, úia:dmk - ld,

iy ;ajrK ld, m%ia;dr w¢kak'

(iv).

jia;=jl ;ajrKh a ld,h t iuÕ úp,kh jk whqre

rEmfha ±lafõ' fuu jia;=fõ m%fõ.h V ld,h t iuÕ
úp,kh jk wdldrh ±lafjk o, igykla w¢kak'
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20' my; ±lafjk S - t m%ia;dr j,g wod, V - t m%ia;dr w¢kak'

21'(a).;ajrKh w¾: olajkak'

hï jia;=jla ;ajrKh jkúg tys m%fõ.h úúO ÈYdjkag ;sìh yel' fuh meyeÈ,s lsÍug Tnf.a by;
w¾: ±laùu Ndú;d lrkak'
(b). ksõgkaf.a fojk kshuh yd thg wod, m%ldYkh ,shd tys mo y÷kajkak'
(c). úÿ,sfhka l%shdlrk uqølhl (Electronic Printer ) p,kh jk ysfiys
(Head) ialkaOh 0.2 kg fõ' th ir, f¾Çhj p,kh fõ' th tla
wl=rla uqøKh lsÍfuka miq 10 N l n,hla hgf;a ;ajrKh ù
bkamiq 30 N l n,hla hgf;a ukaokh ù ksYap,j wfkla wl=r
uqøKh lsÍug iQodkï fjhs' wl=re folla w;r mr;rh 2.5 mm fõ
(i). uqøl ysfiys p,s;hg wod, m%fõ. - ld, jl%h w¢kak'
(ii). wl=re folla w;r ÿr hdug .;jk ld,h fidhkak'
(iii). tla wl=rla uqøKh lsÍug 8 ms wu;r ld,hla wjYH fõ kï tla ;;amrhla ;=<§ uqøKh lrk Wmßu
wl=re .Kk fidhkak'
(iv). m%dfhda.slj uqølhl Tn by; .Kkh l< wl=re ixLHdjg jvd wvq wl=re ixLHdjla uqøKh úh yel'
fï i|yd n,mE yels fN!;sl .eg¨ fudkjd o@ uqøK fõ.h jeä lsÍu i|yd l,hq;= fjkialï i|yka
lrkak'
V(ms-1)
22' W;a f ;da , lhla by, ke.S u g wod, m% f õ. - ld,
m%ia:drhla fuys ±lafõ' ;ajrKh iy ukaokh a o" .ukg
.;jQ uq¿ ld,h t o" isÿl, uq¿ úia:dmkh s o kï
W;af;da,lh taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka l, ld,h"
4 s 1/2
(
t 2 = t2 - )a
nj fmkajkak '
t1 t2 t3 t(s)
23' ksYap,;djfha isg .uka wrUk jdykhla .ufka uq,a fldgi a hk ksh; ;ajrKfhka o bka miq u
ksh; fõ.fhka o f;jeks fldgi b ksh; ukaokshlska o .uka lr ksi,;djhg meñfKa' uq¿ .ufka
idudkH ^ uOHhl & fõ.h 7 u / 8 kï" .ufka fhÿkq uq¿ ld,fhka ljr Nd.hl ksh; fõ.fhka .uka
lf<a ±hs fidhkak' ^W;a" 3/4&

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 mdßNdIsl jpk ud,dj (Glossary of Terms)

1. p,s;h - Motion
2. ir, wkqj¾;Sh - Simple Harmonic
3. f¾Çh - Linear
4. msysgqï ffoYslh - Position vector
5. idfmalaI - Relative
6. m:h - Path
7. iS>%;djh - Rate
8. úia:dmkh - Displacement
9. m%fõ.h - Velocity
10. fõ.h - Speed
11. idudkH - Average
12. ÿr - Distance
13. uOHhl m%fõ.h - Mean velocity
14. ;ajrKh - Acceleration
15. iólrK - Equations
16. taldldr - Uniform
17. wdrïNl - Starting
18. ksYap, - Stationery
19. ukaokh - Deceleration
20. úYd,;ajh - Magnitude
21. nEjqu - Slope
22. fudfyd; - Instance
23. wjidk - Final
24. hdka;% úoHdj - Mechanics
25. wkql%uKh - Gradient
26. wka;(Lkavh - Intercept
27. wkqf,dauj iudkqmd;sl - Directly proportional
28. m%ia;drh - Graph
29. jl%h - Curve
30. iam¾Ylh - Tangent
31. iuqoafoaY ,laIHh - Reference point
32. uQ, ,laIHh - Origin
33. l%ufhka jeäùu - Gradual increase
34. l%ufhka wvqùu - Gradual decrease
35. Y+kH - Zero
36. ÈYdj - Direction
37. wêl - High
38. ,laIHh - Point
39. úi÷u - Solution
40. ld, mrdih - Time duration
41. laIKsl - Instant
42. wkqmd;h - Ratio
43. m%;súreoaO - Opposite
44. lafIa;%M,h - Area
45. wlaIh - Axis
46. ksh; - Constant
47. ir, f¾Ldj - Straight Line
48. uq¿ úia:dmkh - Total Displacement
49. ksrEmKh - Represent
50. .uH;djh - Momentum

PHT 5310 36 2021Th A/L PHYSICS - AMITH PUSSELLA

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