LEWIS ELECTRON DOT

LESSON NO. 2 STRUCTURE

 END IN MIND:
OBJECTIVES:

▪ Understand the concepts

Lewis dot structure using
the valence electrons.

▪ Write the correct Lewis Dot

diagram of an element and
a compound.
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OCTET RULE

The tendency of
atoms to have
eight electrons in
their outer shell.

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Valence electrons Outer Valence shell
are the electrons present are the outer most
in the outer valence energy level present in
shell. an atom.
DUET RULE
Hydrogen forms stable molecules where it shares
2 electrons that is it follows DUET RULE.

Electron Configuration for duet rule: ns2

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 LEWIS ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE

The valence
electron represented
by dots surrounding
the symbol of an
element.
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Valence electrons Outer Valence shell
are the electrons present are the outer most
in the outer valence energy level present in
shell. an atom.
 RULES IN LEWIS ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE
(LEDS)
Rule 1: Elements belonging in the same group in the periodic
table have the same number of valence electrons.

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 RULES IN LEWIS ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE
(LEDS)
Rule 2: The group for all group A elements corresponds to
the number of their valence electrons.

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 RULES IN LEWIS ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE
(LEDS)
Rule 3: The maximum number of valence electrons for any
element is eight.

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 In chemistry, valence electrons are
the electrons that are located in
the outermost electron shell of
an element.

QUESTION:
Where can you locate Outermost
shell

the valence electrons

of an element?
 STEPS ON HOW TO DRAW LEWIS ELECTRON DOT
STRUCTURE OF AN ELEMENT
STEP 1: Write the chemical symbol of an element.
C
STEP 2: Determine the group when an element belongs in the
periodic table.
C – Group 4
STEP 3: Draw the dots that correspond to the number of the
atom’s valence electrons. Distribute the dots evenly; it may
be placed above or below/and or either side of the chemical
symbol.
20
22 C
 STEPS ON HOW TO DRAW LEWIS ELECTRON DOT
STRUCTURE OF A COMPOUND
STEP 1: Determine the central atom (the atom/element that
is placed at the center) by comparing which among the atoms
has least electronegativity (except for hydrogen, it will not be
counted for comparison. Therefore, there`s no other atom
than nitrogen so the central atom will be nitrogen).

𝑁𝐻3
central
atom
 STEPS ON HOW TO DRAW LEWIS ELECTRON DOT
STRUCTURE OF A COMPOUND
STEP 2: Account the total number of the valence electrons
from the molecule.

All in all, we expect to have 8 electrons later in the nitrogen

(because it is the central atom.)

𝑁=5 1 =5

𝑁𝐻3 𝐻=1 3 =3
𝒗. 𝒆 = 5 + 3 = 𝟖
 STEPS ON HOW TO DRAW LEWIS ELECTRON DOT
STRUCTURE OF A COMPOUND
STEP 3: As indicated in the structure NH3, there should be 3
atoms of hydrogen surrounding the central atom nitrogen.
Since the Hydrogen has one valence electron for each, it needs
to be bonded to the central atom (nitrogen) to be stable
(duet rule). So there are already a total of 6 valence electrons
being accounted. 𝐻
𝑁=5 1 =5
𝐻 𝑵 𝐻 𝐻=1 3 =3
𝒗. 𝒆 = 5 + 3 = 𝟖
Lone pair *Lone pair is the term used for 2 electrons that are nonbonding.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
𝑁 = 5𝑣. 𝑒 1 = 5 − 1 = 4
1. 𝑆𝑖 𝐻 = 1𝑣. 𝑒 4 = 4
2. 𝐵𝑟 𝒗. 𝒆 = 4 + 4 = 𝟖
3. 𝑁𝐻4 + Since there is + sign it means oxidation (removal
of an electron)

4. 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 𝐶𝑎 = 4𝑣. 𝑒 1 = 4
𝐶𝑙2 = 7𝑣. 𝑒 2 = 14
𝒗. 𝒆 = 4 + 4 = 𝟏𝟖
 ACTIVITY NO. 2
Find the number of valence electrons in each of the
following elements and draw the corresponding Lewis
Dot Diagram.

1. 𝑃
2. 𝑁𝑂2
EVALUATION NO. 2
 EVALUATION NO. 2

Write the Lewis Dot Structure of the following

compounds.

1. Kr
2. O
3. CO2
 ASSIGNMENT:
Study the following topics for the Quiz #1 next AS
Meeting (Monday).

Electron Configuration
Octet Rule
Lewis Dot Structure

Reminder: Sci-log No. 2