Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON

ACTIVITY SHEET IN MATHEMATICS

Grade: 9 Week: 2 Quarter: 2

I. Objective: The learner

1. illustrates situations that involve joint and combined variations (M9AL-IIa-1)
2. translates into variation statement a relationship between two quantities by: (a) a table of values;
(b) a mathematical equation (M9AL-IIa-b-1)
3. solves problems involving joint and combined variations (M9AL-IIb-c-1)

II. Input/Discussion:
Examples
Kind of Definition Variation/ Formula for k
Variation Situations/Variation Statement Mathematical (k is a non-zero
Equation constant)
Joint - a variation in The force F applied to an object
𝑭
which the varies jointly as the mass m and 𝑭 = 𝒌𝒎𝒂 𝒌=
acceleration a 𝒎𝒂
quotient of one
variable and The kinetic energy E of a moving
two or more object is directly proportional to
𝑬
other the product of the mass m of the 𝑬 = 𝒌𝒎𝒗𝟐 𝒌=
variables is a object and the square of the 𝒎𝒗𝟐
constant velocity v
Combined - a variation in The time t it takes to construct a
which the highway varies directly as the 𝒌𝒍 𝒕𝒘
𝒕= 𝒌=
quotient of two length of the road l inversely as 𝒘 𝒍
or more the number of workers w
variables and The volume V of gas in a gas
one other shock absorber varies inversely 𝒌𝑻 𝑷𝑽
variable is a 𝑷 = 𝒌=
with the pressure P and directly 𝑽 𝑻
constant with the temperature T

To solve a variation:
1. Translate mathematical statement into variation symbols.
2. Solve for the constant of variation.
3. Write the equation of the variation.
4. Solve for the value of the other variable.

Illustrative Examples

Problem on Joint Variation Problem on Combined Variation

The area of a triangle varies jointly as the
base and the height. A triangle with a base of
8 cm and height of 9 cm has an area of 36
square centimeters. Find the area when the
base is 10 cm and the height is 7 cm.
The time it takes to construct a highway varies
directly as the length of the road inversely as the
number of workers. If it takes 50 workers and 8
weeks to construct 2 km of highway, how long will it
take 80 workers to construct 15 km of highway?
 Solution: Solution:
Let 𝑨 be the area of a triangle Let 𝒕 be the time to construct a highway
𝒃 be the base of the triangle 𝒍 be the length of the highway
𝒉 be its height 𝒘 be the number of workers

(Data may be tabulated) (Data may be tabulated)

base 𝒃 8 10 Length 𝒍 2 15
height 𝒉 9 7 Workers 𝒘 50 80
Area 𝑨 36 ? Time 𝒕 8 ?
𝒌𝒍
 𝒕=
 𝑨 = 𝒌𝒃𝒉 𝒘
𝒕𝒘
𝑨  𝒌=
 𝒌= 𝒍
𝒃𝒉 (𝟖)(𝟓𝟎)
𝟑𝟔 𝒌=
𝒌= 𝟐
(𝟖)(𝟗) 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝟑𝟔 𝒌=
𝒌= 𝟐
𝟕𝟐
𝟏
𝒌 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝒌=  𝒕=
𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒍
𝟐
𝟏 𝒘
 𝑨 = 𝒃𝒉  𝒕=
𝟐𝟎𝟎(𝟏𝟓)
𝟐
𝟏 𝟖𝟎
 𝑨= (𝟏𝟎)(𝟕) 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝟐 𝒕=
𝟏
𝑨= (𝟕𝟎) 𝟖𝟎
𝟐 𝒕 = 𝟑𝟕. 𝟓
𝑨 = 𝟑𝟓 Therefore, it will take 37.5 weeks for 80 workers to
Therefore, the area of a triangle is 35 square construct 15 kilometers of highway
centimeters when the base is 10 cm and the
height is 7 cm.

III. Practice Task:

A. Translate each statement into variation equation.
1. The appropriate length s of a rectangular beam varies jointly as its width w and its depth d.
2. The current I varies directly as the electromotive force E and inversely as the resistance R.
B. Solve each problem.
1. The area of a triangle varies directly as the product of the base and altitude. If the area of a
triangle is 60 cm2 when the base is 10 cm and the altitude is 12 cm, find the area of a
triangle whose base is 6 cm and whose altitude is 15 cm.
2. The current varies directly as the electromotive force and inversely as the resistance. If in a
system a current of 20 amperes flows through a resistance of 20 ohms with an electromotive
force of 100 volts, find the current that 120 volts will send through the system.

IV. Evaluation:
A. Translate each statement into variation equation.
1. The heat H produced by an electric lamp is directly proportional to the product of the
resistance R and the square of the current I.
2. The time t required to travel is directly proportional to the distance d and inversely
proportional to the speed r.
B. Solve each problem.
1. The mass of a rectangular sheet of wood varies jointly as the length and the width. When the
length is 20 cm and the width is 10 cm, the mass is 200 grams. Find the mass when the
length is 15 cm and the width is 12 cm.
2. The volume V of a fixed amount of gas varies directly as the temperature T and inversely as
the pressure P. Furthermore, V= 42 cm3 when T= 84 Kelvin and P = 8 kg/cm 2. Find the
volume when T= 85 Kelvin and P = 10 kg/cm 2.

Answer Key (Practice Task)

A. 1. 𝑠 = 𝑘𝑤𝑑 B. 1. 45 cm2
𝑘𝐸
2. 𝐼 = 2. 24 amperes
𝑅