Quarter

Quarter 2 2; Module 2
Quarter 2; Module 3
Understanding the differences between linear and non-linear texts
is an essential skill as we encounter these texts almost every day. An opinion is something which can’t be proven, and they based on
The main difference between the two lies in the way the text is read someone’s thoughts, feelings and understanding. There are words
or processed by an individual. Experts call this pattern of reading a that will help you that you are being given an opinion and not a
material as reading path. fact.
LINEAR TEXT In sharing your opinion about something you must convince
others to believe your point,
It refers to traditional texts that need to be read from beginning to
the end. Introductory Words and Phrases Opinion Clues
I think Always/Never
There is only ONE reading path, which is decided by the author. I believe Awful/Wonderful
It may take time to find the information readers are searching for. I feel Beautiful/Ugly
I like Better/Best/Worst
Novels, poems, letters, textbooks, news reports, essays. In my opinion Delicious
NON-LINEAR TEXT My favorite Enjoyable/Horrible
The best Favorite
It refers to texts that do not need to be read from beginning to the I strongly believe For/Against
end. From my point of view Good/Bad
It’s my belief Inferior/Superior
There are multiple reading paths. They are determined by the
Based on what I know Oppose/Support
reader.
I am convinced Terrible
It does not take time because it allows readers to find more Speaking for myself Unfair
information efficiently. I know you will have to agree Worthwhile
that
Tables, pie charts, flow charts, pictures, diagrams, character maps, I am confident that
sequence charts.
Quarter 2; Module 4 Quarter 2; Module 5
Multimodal Texts are texts which use two or more modalities of communication by Text Message Versus Card
variously combining images, words, and sounds toward one overall cohesive
SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES
composition. Examples are picture books, textbooks, graphic novels, comics, and
1. Both have similar message which 1. The text message has a lot of icons
posters, where meaning is conveyed to the reader through varying combinations of
is about encouragement. and emojis while the card has none.
visual (still image) written language, and spatial modes.
2. Both are colorful, interesting, and 2. In the text message, we can check
engaging. if the receiver already read the
A text may be defined as multimodal when it combines two or more semiotic message or not because of the “seen
systems. There are five semiotic systems in total: icon” below while with the card we
1. Linguistic: comprising aspects such as vocabulary, generic structure, and the are not assured unless there will be
grammar of oral and written language response delivered.
2. Visual: comprising aspects such as color, vectors and viewpoint in still and 3. Both contain words and images. 3. Text message is faster and more
moving images convenient to use compared to card.
3. Audio: comprising aspects such as volume, pitch and rhythm of music and
TAKE NOTE:
sound effects
• Comparing means the process of identifying the similarities and
4. Gestural: comprising aspects such as movement, speed and stillness in facial differences between two things.
expression and body language
• Contrasting refers to identifying only the differences between two things.
Spatial: comprising aspects such as proximity, direction, position of layout and
organization of objects in space • In comparing and contrasting two things, the most appropriate graphic
Types of Multimodal Texts organizer to use is the Venn diagram.
• Venn Diagram is an illustration that uses circles to show the relationships
Multimodality does not necessarily mean use of technology, and
among things or finite group of things. Circles that overlap have a
multimodal texts can be paper based, live, or digital. 
commonality while circles that do not overlap do not share those traits. Venn
Paper-based multimodal texts include picture books, textbooks, graphic Diagram helps us to visually represent the similarities and differences between two
novels, comics, and posters. concepts.
Live multimodal texts, for example, dance, performance, and oral
• Comic strip presents a series of cartoon drawings that tell a story or part of a
storytelling, convey meaning through combinations of various modes such as
story
gestural, spatial, audio, and oral language. 
Digital multimodal texts include film, animation, slide shows, e-posters, • Web page is a single file on the World Wide Web, providing text,
graphical images, etc.: it may have hypertext linked with other Web pages at
digital stories, podcasts, and web pages that may include hyperlinks to
a website.
external pronunciation guides or translations.
Quarter 2; Module 6
OPINION- a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or
knowledge.

COMPARE- points out the similarities or differences of the subject

CONTRAST- points out the differences of the subject

Why do we need to compare?

We need to compare and contrast to identify the similarities and differences between
ideas. Comparing and contrasting will help us better comprehend the issues raised or points
made in any reading passage. These skills are most especially useful when making a stand or
giving opinions. By identifying the similarities and differences between ideas, we, as readers,
can form our own informed and evidence-based opinions.

1. Read the article

For you to understand fully the subject, read the whole article. It will give you a
background on what idea is being presented and emphasized. Moreover, it can be your
source of evidence to support your claim on stating your opinion.

2. List down all the ideas you found which are very different /similar from each
other.

Be able to distinguish the ideas which you think are very contradicting and alike based
on the text you are reading. This will give you a clue on which to side on and oppose to.

3. Organize the differences and similarities

Use a table or any graphic organizer which can show the idea of comparing and
contrasting. Example graphic organizer are, table, Venn diagram, T- Chart and many
more. You can also invent your own but make sure it will show the purpose of
comparing. Furthermore, this can help you can write paragraphs to communicate
similarities and differences, and then your opinion.

4. Sign of help.
Look for signal words which can help you in identifying the similarity and
differences. You can also use it for you to apply when you need to write a
compare and contrast essay. Below are some examples of the words.
Learn to use expressions that precisely convey contrast or comparison. These
expressions, or transitions, signal contrast:
• on the contrary, on the other hand, however, otherwise, whereas, still,
likewise, the same as, both, just like and yet.
Quarter2; Module 6: Continuation
Useful words for expression

To express your opinion, you can use the following words.

A. USEFUL EXPRESSIONS TO EXPRESS YOUR OPINION

 In my opinion,
To my mind, ...                                    
  As far as I am concerned, ...                   
Speaking personally, ...
From my point of view, ...                     
As for me / As to me, ...
My view / opinion / belief / impression / conviction is that                               
I hold the view that ..
I would say that ...                                 
I think / consider / find / feel / believe / suppose / presume / assume that ...
I hold the opinion that
I guess that ...              
B. USEFUL WORDS TO EXPRESS YOUR AGREEMENT AS ONE FORM OF OPINION
I agree with you / him ...                
 I share your view.                  
 I think so.                                     
I really think so.
c. USEFUL WORDS TO EXPRESS YOUR DISAGREEMENT AS ONE FORM OF OPINION
I don't agree.                                       
 I disagree.                                            
 I don't think so.
You are / he is wrong.                         
 I think otherwise.                              
 I don't think that's quite right.
I don't agree with you/him.                    
  I don't agree with what you say.               
I am afraid that is not quite true.
I take a different view.                             I don't share his/her/your view.