LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

MATHEMATICS 8
Quarter 4 Week 4
Name: ______________________________ Section:_____________ Score: ____

L I. LEARNING SKILLS

At the end of performing the activity in this Learning Activity Sheets, I can
illustrate an experiment, outcome, sample space and event.

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

You might have heard a weather forecaster saying that there is 80%
chance that it will rain the next day or the World Health Organization announcing 90-
99 % effectivity of Covid-19 vaccines or your teacher telling your class that 85% of you
passed the exam. These only shows that our daily life situations involve chances or
probability. It is therefore of great importance that we have knowledge of probability
and its concepts and principles to make wise decisions.
The probability theory is generally considered to have originated in the sixteenth
century when the Italian physician, mathematician, and gambler Gerolano Cardano
wrote the first theoretical study of probabilities in gambling (the Book of Game of
Chance). It was not viewed as a serious branch of mathematics because of its
association with gambling. Today, probability has been highly developed and now has
wide and important applications in many fields of human endeavor. Thus, it has
become an essential tool to the economist, engineer, and statistician.
In this learning activity sheet, you will be introduced to fundamentals of
probability specifically, illustrating experiment, outcome, sample space and event.

Definition of An Experiment
An EXPERIMENT is any activity with an observable result.
Tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card are all considered experiments.

Definition of An Outcome
An OUTCOME is the result of the experiment.

Definition of Sample Space

The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called the
SAMPLE SPACE.

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Definition of An Event
An EVENT is a subset of the sample space. The elements in
the set of Event are taken from the sample space

Example 1.
Coin Experiment: Tossing a coin once.
The outcome is H.
The sample space for this experiment can be written as
𝑆 = {𝐻, 𝑇}.

Example 2.
You toss two coins (a 5-peso and a 10-peso) and observe whether the coins
show heads(H) or tail(T).
(a) What is the experiment?
(b) What is the sample space?
(c) What is one outcome?
(d) If the event E is that exactly one of the
coins shows heads, what is the event?

Solution:

Experiment Sample Space Possible Event

Outcome/s
Tossing two (H,H),(H,T),(T,H),(T,T) Answer may vary (H,T),(T,H)
coins (Any of the
answer given on
sample space)

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 Example 3.
Construct a sample space that consists of
rolling a single die. Find the events that correspond to the
phrases “an even number is rolled” and “a number greater
than two is rolled.”

Experiment: rolling of a single die

Sample Space: { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 } or { number of dots on the top face of the dice }
Event (an even number is rolled) = { 2,4,6 }
Event (a number greater than two is rolled) = { 3,4,5,6 }

III. ACTIVITIES

PRACTICE TASK 1

Determine the possible outcome, sample space and event for each
experiment. Complete the table below.

1. Toss a coin and a die. If the event E is that exactly one of the coins shows heads
and a die shows an odd number, what is the event?
2. Roll two dice. If the event E is that exactly one of the dice shows an even number
and the second dice shows an odd number, what is the event?

Possible
Experiment Sample Space Event
Outcome/s

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 PRACTICE TASK 2

A pair of dice is tossed. Determine the following:

1. An experiment

2. Sample Space ( 2 points )

3. All the Possible Outcomes ( 2 points )

4. Event A: The number shown on one dice is 5.

5. Event B: The sum of 9

6. Event C: The sum of 10

7. Event D: The number less than 3 showing on each of the dice.

8. Event E: A number greater than 3 showing on each of the dice.

9. Event F: The sum less than 10

10. Event G: The negative product

PRACTICE TASK 3

Four coins are tossed. List the elements of the following events:

1. Four Heads

2. Two Tails

3. One Tail

4. No Tails

5. Five Heads

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 ASSESSMENT
Identify what is being asked in each question. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

1. It is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment.

A. Experiment B. Sample Space C. Outcomes D. Event
2. It is any possible results of the experiment.
A. Experiment B. Sample Space C. Outcomes D. Event
3. In a coin-die experiment, what are the elements in event A in which the die comes
up 5?
A. A { (5,H) } C. A { (5,H), (5,T) }
B. A { (5,T) } D. All of the above
4. What is the sample space if three coins are tossed.
A. { (HHH) }
B. { (TTT) }
C. { (HHH) (HHT) (HTH) (THH) (TTH) (THT) (HTT) (TTT) }
D. { (HHT) (HTH) (THH) (TTH) (THT) (HTT) }
5. List the sample space for a two-digit number formed from the digits 1, 2, and 7
with no digit to be used more than once.
A. { (12) (17) (21) (27) (71) (72) }
B. { (11) (12) (17) (21) (22) (27) (71) (72) (77) }
C. { (12) (17) (21) (22) (27) (71) (72) }
D. { (11) (12) (17) (21) (27) (71) (72) (77) }

I V. REFERENCES

Nivera, G. and Lapinid, M.R. (2018). Grade 8 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities
Geometry III. Don Bosco Press Inc.
https://tinyurl.com/3thnzncv
https://tinyurl.com/bdhb5pf6
https://tinyurl.com/bdf76d2k

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V. Reflection/Suggestion/Comment

How can we illustrate an experiment, outcome, sample space and event?

Can you cite some real applications about these topics?

Prepared by:

DANICA JOY C. PAGDAGDAGAN

Bicol Regional Science High School
SDO-Ligao City

Quality Assured by:

LILLI ANN O. HERMOGENES

Education Program Supervisor