URBAN RENEWAL

URBAN RENEWAL

Urban renewal is the process of reconstructing the already

constructed building/Urban areas, partly or totally.

Roberts and Sykes (2000) state that „Urban renewal can be

defined as a comprehensive and integrated vision and action
which leads to the resolution of urban problems and which seeks
to bring about a lasting improvement in the economic, physical,
social and environmental conditions of an area that has been
subject to change‟.

Conditions leading to urban renewal

 Blight
 Slum
 Obsolescence
BLIGHT – Choolai, Triplicane, Kosapet
 Building
 Area Deterioration
 Activity

Reasons
 Age
 Structural quality
 Inadequate/No facilities
 Less/No maintenance
 Spreads

SLUM - Advanced condition of blight

– Coovum river
 Bad environment
 Physically & Socially
 Lack of amenities and maintance
 Bad structural condition of buildings
SLUM FORMATION

VILLAGES Education

Employment
Recreation

Marriage
Migrated population who are
Migrate to
Unskilled/semi skilled labour
URBAN
Illiterates
Below the poverty line

Squat or encroach on……

Unprotected land
Better Places where less or no
Infrastructure infrastructure
Core of the city – easy access to
workplace
 Slum Morphology in Tamil Nadu

 Huts  Congested
 Semi pucca structures  Poor ventilation
 Thatched roofs  Less plinth area
 Mud walls/brick walls  Overcrowded
 No proper access  Health hazardous
 No proper  Low lying
infrastructrure  unhygienic
 Slums are an integral part of urban life
Fishermen Less wage labourers
Domestic workers

Drivers
construction workers

Slums
Street Vendors

Scavengers

TNSCB: 51.8 % Increase in slum from 2001 to 2014 (Chennai) - 306 in 1956 to 2173
in 2014
OBSOLESCENCE

Building/ Becomes non-functional

Area

Types of obsolescence

 Structural
 Functional
 Locational/environmental
 Economic
DIMENSIONS OF URBAN RENEWAL
Conceptual
Framework of
Urban
Renewal:
Indian
interpretation
METHODS OF URBAN RENEWAL

REDEVELOPMENT

REHABILITATION

CONSERVATION
REDEVELOPMENT

Meaning:
Re-planning
 Demolition of buildings
 Improvements
 Reconstruction

When to take up
 Blight
 Slum
 Obsolescence

Unable to give shelter, state of collapse, deteriorated,

surrounding areas make unsuitable, not expected returns
 Kowloon Walled City
Disadvantages
 Costly
 Time consuming
 Difficult in convincing the owners

Advantages
 Quality of life
 Optimum use of land (potential areas)
 All infrastructure facilities made
available
 Easier with places affected by
calamities gujarat, Surat, Tsunami, etc.
 Artificially created. Eg: Pudkkotai,
Moore Market, Kowloon
 Slum improvement
schemes
REHABILITATION

Meaning

 Improvement of existing
building/areas
Smart Cities Development

When to take up

 Functional obsolescence ( eg: George

Town)
 Slums( Poonga nagar, Thedeer Nagar, Annai
nagar etc.)

Advantages
 Less cost
 Less time consuming
CONSERVATION

Purpose : to know understand and cherish the values of the earlier

generation and improve tourism

Elements to be conserved
 Historical elements – Forts, Palaces, Battlefields
 Architectural elements – Jaiselmer, LIC etc.
 Religious elements – Temples, Churches, Mosque, etc.
 Natural elements – Hill, rivers beds, water falls, etc.)
 Reconstruction of aged buildings (housing board)

 High intensity development ( Gandhi nagar, “Self renewal”)

 Change of land use (Residential to commercial. T.Nagar, Adyar,

Boat Club)

 Non-conforming use (Industries – Rice mill, saw mill, etc.), eg:

Central jail Chennai

 Decentralization of city level functions(Koyambedu bus terminal

and vegetable market)

 Slum Redevelopment/Rehabilitation schemes

TYPICAL URBAN RENEWAL CASES

IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISM

Land acquisition

Incentive zoning

Transferrable development rights

Land policy and redistribution

Accommodation reservation
 TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS (TDR)

WHAT IS TDR?

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) means making available certain

amount of additional built up area in lieu of the area relinquished or
surrendered by the owner of the land, so that he can use extra built up
area either himself or transfer it to another in need of the extra built up
area for an agreed sum of money.

Purpose of TDR:

The process of land acquisition in urban areas for public purpose especially
for road widening, parks and play grounds, schools etc., is complicated,
costly and time consuming. In order to minimize the time needed and to
enable a process, which could be advantageously put into practice to
acquire land for reservation purposes mentioned above.
JNNURM - Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban
Renewal Mission

AMRUT - Atal Mission For Rejuvenation And

Urban Transformation