1.

Based on the videos, what volcanic

hazards caused the injuries and deaths of
humans?
- This combination gave rise to wet ash, increasing loading on structures with a large
proportion of the 847 death toll due to roof collapse.

2. What data/information from the videos

shows specific needs of the situation?
-If you are instructed to remain in your home, close all windows, doors, and other points of
entry for ash. Bring pets inside and move livestock to shelters, when at all possible. Avoid
running air conditioning systems, fans, and heaters during or immediately after an eruption,
since they can pull in volcanic gasses and ash. Also, fill large containers, sinks, and bathtubs
with clean water since eruptions can cause disruptions or contamination of water supplies.

3. What are the barriers to meeting the

needs?
-volcanoes rouse from sleep with some notice—shaking the ground, bulging their flanks, or
shifting the gasses wafting from their craters and vents. And for many volcanoes near
populations, scientists closely watch their every move, which allows them to better understand
when they might burst to life.
So if you live near a volcano, or plan to visit one, familiarize yourself with the local monitoring
agencies. Understand where you can safely tromp and where you need to steer clear, regions
known as exclusion zones. It’s also important to look up evacuation routes and hazards specific
to your location.

4. What can be designed/planned to

address the barriers?
-Avoid low-lying areas, areas downwind of the volcano, and river valleys downstream of the
volcano. Debris and ash will be carried by wind and gravity. Stay in areas where you will not be
further exposed to volcanic eruption hazards