Ladder of effective speaking- is according to Eugene E.

White
and Claire Hendeleewer

Left & right hand rail

*Left- audience & receiver

*Right- speaker and purpose
1st step – gathering the right materials
2nd – organizing the discussion
(Body of speech)
3rd – discovery using supporting materials
4th- developing the introduction
5th- developing the conclusion
6th- speech rehearsal / practice
7th -speech delivery
Info you need
- Theme
- Time allotment
- Age
- Gender
- Occupation/profession
- Summary ( the speaker should know his audience)
Right hand rail(speaker)
-purpose (entertain, give info, persuade, and argue)
- think, observe & read.
- take down important info to be included in your speech
- use supporting materials
- developing introduction
- develop conclusion
- Practice
-