Critical Study of Selected English Text

An Introduction:
Arabic & English Language
Dr. Muhammad Tahir
HOD-DIS; Assistant Professor
Department of Islamic Studies (DIS)
Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities
tahir.griffithuni@gmail.com
mohd.tahir@riphah.edu.pk
Mobile: 03007941178, Whatsapp: 03319293908
 Session Objectives
• To understand the importance of
the Arabic Language
• To understand the importance of
English Language
• To highlight the strategies to
understand both languages for the
welfare of Muslim Ummah
 The Importance of Arabic
• Arabic is the language of the Holy Qur’an
and Hadith Shareef :
ً‫ُون ِإلَ ٌْ ِه أ َ ْع َج ِم‬
َ ‫ان الَّ ِذي ٌُ ْل ِحد‬
ُ ‫س‬ َ ُ‫﴿ َولَقَ ْد نَ ْعلَ ُم أَنَّ ُه ْم ٌَقُول‬
َ ّ‫ون ِإنَّ َما ٌُعَ ِلّ ُمهُ بَشَر ِل‬
َ ‫َو َٰ َه َذا ِل‬
]103 :‫سان ع ََر ِبً ُّم ِبٌن ﴾ [النحل‬
“Indeed, We know what they say, It is only a human
being who imparts [all] this to him! But the tongue of
him to whom they point is foreign, whereas this is
plain Arabic speech.”
• Arabic is the perfect plain language:
]195 :‫ٌن ﴾ [الشعراء‬
ٍ ‫ً ٍ ُم ِب‬
ّ ‫ان ع ََر ِب‬
ٍ ‫س‬َ ‫﴿ ِب ِل‬
“In plain (clear) Arabic language.”
 Cont … The Importance of Arabic
• Arabic is the key of learning the Deen-e-
Islam (the Qur’an and Sunnah):
َ
‫ وتعلَّموا‬،‫العربٌة؛ فإنها من دٌ ِنكم‬ ‫ "تعلَّموا‬:- ‫ رضً هللا عنه‬- ‫عمر بن الخطاب‬
ُ ‫﴿ ٌقول‬
‫الفرائض؛ فإنها من دٌنكم ﴾ [مسبوك الذهب فً فضل العرب وشرف العلم على شرف‬ َ
])9‫ (ص‬1‫النسب ج‬
“Learn the Arabic, certainly it is your Deen. Learn the
Faraidh, certainly it is your Deen.”
ً‫ وتفقهوا ف‬،‫ "تفقهوا فً السن ِة‬:- ‫ رضً هللا عنه‬- ‫سبب قول عمر‬ َ ‫وبٌَّن شٌ ُخ اإلسالم‬
ُ ٌ‫ ففقه العربٌة هو الطر‬،‫ٌِن فٌه فقهُ أقوال وأعمال‬
‫ق إلى فقه‬ َ ‫ألن ال ّد‬
َّ " :‫العربٌة"؛ حٌث قال‬
‫ق إلى فقه األعمال“]اقتضاء الصراط المستقٌم لمخالفة‬ ُ ٌ‫ وفقه الشرٌعة هو الطر‬،‫األقوال‬
.[)425‫ (ص‬1‫ ج‬،‫أصحاب الجحٌم‬
“Indeed! in Deen, understanding of sayings and actions,
hence, understanding of Arabic is the way to
understanding of sayings and understanding of Shariah is
the way to understanding actions.”
 Cont … The Importance of Arabic
• Protection of Arabic language is from Deen:
َ
‫العربٌة؛ فإنها من دٌنِكم ﴾ [مسبوك‬ ‫ "تعلَّموا‬:- ‫ رضً هللا عنه‬- ‫عمر بن الخطاب‬ ُ ‫﴿ ٌقول‬
])9‫ (ص‬1‫الذهب فً فضل العرب وشرف العلم على شرف النسب ج‬
“Learn the Arabic, certainly it is your Deen.”
‫ ومعرفتها فرض واجب؛‬،‫نفس اللغة العربٌة من ال ّدٌِن‬ َ َّ " :‫وقال شٌ ُخ اإلسالم ابن تٌمٌة‬
‫فإن‬
"‫بفهم اللغة العربٌة‬
ِ ‫ وال ٌفهم إال‬،‫فإن فهم الكتاب والسنة فرض‬
“Indeed! this Arabic language is the Deen. Its learning is
obligatory. Indeed! learning of the Book (Qur’an) and
Sunnah is obligatory, and can’t be learned without
learning Arabic language”
ُ ُ ‫ وبه ت‬،‫الفروض الكفاٌات‬
‫عرف‬ ِ ‫أن علم اللغة من الدٌن؛ ألنه من‬ َّ َّ‫وٌقول السٌوطً׃ "وال شك‬
"‫معانً ألفاظ القرآن والسنة‬
“No doubt, certainly knowledge of language is from
Deen, and with it meaning of the words of the Qur’an
and Sunnah can be understood.”
 Cont … The Importance of Arabic
• Arabic is necessary for establishing Deen and
making argument (‫)الحجت‬:
]135 :‫ش َهدَا َء ِ َّلِلِ ﴾ [الٌساء‬ ْ ‫يي ِبا ْل ِق‬
ُ ‫س ِط‬ َ ‫اه‬ َ ‫﴿ يَا أَيُّ َها الَّ ِر‬
ِ ‫يي آ َهٌُىا كُىًُىا قَ َّى‬
“O you who believe! be maintainers of justice, bearers
of witness of Allah's sake.”
‫علَ ْي ُك ْن‬
َ ‫سى ُل‬
ُ ‫الس‬ ِ ٌَّ‫علَى ال‬
َ ‫اض َويَك‬
َّ ‫ُىى‬ َ ‫ش َهدَا َء‬ َ ‫﴿ َو َكرَ ِل َك َجعَ ْلٌَا ُك ْن أ ُ َّهت َو‬
ُ ‫سطا ِلتَكُىًُىا‬
]143 :‫ش َِهيدا ﴾ [البقسة‬
“Thus, We have made you a middle nation, so that you
may act as witnesses for mankind, and the Messenger
may be a witness for you.”
 Cont … The Importance of Arabic
• Arabic the language of the Qur’an to
understand.
]3 :‫﴿ ِإًَّا َجعَ ْلٌَاٍُ قُ ْسآًا ع ََس ِبيًّا لَّعَلَّ ُك ْن ت َ ْع ِقلُىى﴾ [الصخسف‬
“Surely, We have made it an Arabic Quran that you
may understand.”
• Arabic Quran is glad news to the righteous
and warning to a stubborn (tenacious):
]97 :‫يي َوتٌُ ِر َز ِب ِۦَ قَ ْىها لُّدًّا﴾ [هسين‬
َ ‫ش َس ِب َِ ٱ ْل ُوت َّ ِق‬ َ ‫س ْس ًَََُٰ ِب ِل‬
ّ ِ َ‫ساًِ َك ِلتُب‬ َّ َ‫﴿ فَ ِئًَّ َوا ي‬
“We have made it [the Quran] easy, in your own
language [Prophet], so that you may convey glad news
to the righteous and give warning to a stubborn (most
quarrelsome) people.”
 Cont … The Importance of Arabic
• Learning of Arabic language has great
importance for the students and scholars of
the Qur’an and Hadith, so that they can
reflect upon Shariah correctly.
‫تفسيس القسآى‬
ِ ‫ "ال بُ َّد في‬:- ‫ زحوَ هللا‬- ‫وقال شي ُخ اإلسالم ابي تيويَّت‬
‫ وكيف يُف َهن‬،‫عسف ها يد ُّل على هسا ِد هللا وزسىلَ هي األلفاظ‬
َ ُ‫والحديث هي أى ي‬
]111‫ ص‬،‫ [اإليواى‬.‫كال ُهَ؟ فوعسفتُ العسبي ِت التي ُخىطبٌا بها‬
“It is important to know the purpose of Allah and his
Prophet (PBUH) while doing the interpretation of the
Qur’an and Hadith. How can we understand his talk?
By knowing Arabic with which we have been
addressed.”
 Cont … The Importance of Arabic
• Arabic has impacts on mind and heart of
believers.
َ ْ‫ّللاُ َو ِجلَتْ قُلُىبُ ُه ْن َوإِذَا ت ُ ِليَت‬
‫علَ ْي ِه ْن آيَاتَُُ َشا َدتْ ُه ْن‬ َّ ‫يي إِذَا ذُ ِك َس‬
َ ‫ىى الَّ ِر‬ َ ٌُ‫﴿ إًَِّ َوا ا ْل ُو ْؤ ِه‬
]2 :‫ىى ﴾ [األًفال‬ َ ُ‫علَ َٰى َز ِبّ ِه ْن يَت َ َى َّكل‬
َ ‫ِإي َواًا َو‬
“True believers are those whose hearts tremble
with awe at the mention of God, and whose faith
grows stronger as they listen to His revelations.
They are those who put their trust in their Lord”
• Arabic language can play a significant
role in the Islamisation of Knowledge.
• Arabic can play an important role in the
revival of Islamic civilization.
 2. The Importance of English
• English language has become the
widespread language in the world.
• Through English language achieve a deeper
view of the world around you.
• English language provides opportunity for
admission to the universities of the world.
• English is the language of the modern era
and promote modern skills.
• English is the language of science and
technology and scientific research.
• English language and computer language
institutes and universities in the study.
The Necessities of Learning English
• English became the most spoken and used
language regardless of nationality.
• Learning English is not incompatible with any
logic for being responsive to the needs of many.
• English way of thinking as a means of
communication with others and become
acquainted with the culture is a key foreign
culture.
• English language is a tool of communication
between peoples and cultures and has owned
this tool can communicate with the other and
receiving from others and influence in other
cultures.
 The benefits of learning English
• Respond to the campaigns of distortion
through the use of language.
• Refute the false ideas and misconceptions
about Islam and Islamic culture.
• Take advantage of the English language in
the dissemination of the Islamic teachings
and Islamic culture and civilization.
• English language is a tool of communication
between peoples and cultures and has
owned this tool can communicate with the
other and receiving from others and
influence in other cultures.
 ‫قائوت الدول حسب السكاى الٌاطقيي باإلًجليصيت فيها‬
‫الدولة‬ ‫مجموع الناطقٌن باإلنجلٌزٌة‬ ‫‪ %‬نسبة الناطقٌن باإلنجلٌزٌة‬

‫الوالٌات المتحدة األمرٌكٌة‬ ‫‪298,444,149‬‬ ‫‪94.2‬‬

‫الهند‬ ‫‪125,226,449‬‬ ‫‪10.35‬‬
‫باكستان‬ ‫‪92,316,049‬‬ ‫‪49‬‬
‫نٌجٌرٌا‬ ‫‪82,941,000‬‬ ‫‪53‬‬
‫المملكة المتحدة‬ ‫‪63,962,000‬‬ ‫‪97.74‬‬
‫الفلبٌن‬ ‫‪57,292,884‬‬ ‫‪56.63‬‬
‫ألمانٌا‬ ‫‪51,584,000‬‬ ‫‪64‬‬
‫البنغالدٌش‬ ‫‪29,398,158‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬
‫كندا‬ ‫‪28,360,240‬‬ ‫‪85.63‬‬
‫مصر‬ ‫‪28,101,325‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬
‫فرنسا‬ ‫‪25,500,000‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬
‫اٌطالٌا‬ ‫‪20,300,000‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬
‫غانا‬ ‫‪18,000,000‬‬ ‫‪66.67‬‬
‫آسترٌلٌا‬ ‫‪17,357,833‬‬ ‫‪97.03‬‬
‫تاٌالند‬ ‫‪17,121,187‬‬ ‫‪27.16‬‬
‫جنوب أفرٌقٌا‬ ‫‪16,424,417‬‬ ‫‪31‬‬