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Chapter 1 Health education

1. What is the health?

Health is the cooperation of organs in the body.
2. What are the advantages of food?

a. Our body grows up when we eat food

b. We can get energy from food

c. Food results of the cooperation of the body

3. What are the different nutrients in food we eat?

• Proteins Fats
• Carbohydrates Vitamins
4. What are the advantages of proteins for the body?

• They build new body tissues during growth They are used to repair the damaged tissues.
5. What are the different sources of protein?

• Meat Milk Fish Beans

6. What is the advantage of carbohydrates?

• They give some energy to the body

7. What are the different sources of carbohydrates?

• Sugars *Rice *Pasta *Bread

8. What are the advantages of fats?

• They give much more energy to the body.

• They act as insulation and keep the body warm
9. What are the two types of fats?

• Lipids and oils

10. What is the advantage of vitamins?

• They help the body to protect against diseases.

11. What are the different sources of vitamins?

• Fruits and vegetables

12. Give two examples of the minerals the body needs?

• Iron and calcium

13. Why Iron is important for the body?
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• Because it is needed for the formation of blood
14. What are the different sources of iron?

• Eggs
• Liver

• Kidney

• Beans

• Fish

15. Why is calcium important for the body?

• Because it is needed for the growth of bones and teeth

16. What are the sources of calcium?

• Milk

• Fish

• Some green vegetables

17. Why is roughage (fibre) important for the body?

• It helps to prevent constipation

18. What is the importance of water for the body?

• It regulates body temperature It maintains other body functions

19. What does the ‘’balanced diet’ mean’’?
Balanced diet means that you choose foods in the right amounts from each of food groups.
20. What does the balanced diet contain?
Balanced diet contains the following:
• Proteins

• Fats

• Four parts of carbohydrates

• Vitamins

21. What are the signs of nutritional deficiency of hair?

• Colour change
• Dry

• Disperse

• Hair loss

22. What are the signs of nutritional deficiencies of eyes?

• Swell
• Dry inside the eye

• Decrease of nucleus

23. What are the signs of nutritional deficiencies of teeth?

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• Delay tooth eruption
• Form colored points on the tooth

• Decrease tooth size

24. What are the signs of nutritional deficiencies of gum?

• Reddish in colour

• Swell

• Bleeding

25. What are the characteristics of nutritional deficiencies for children?

• Tiredness
• Inability to watch

• Swollen belly

• Dry skin

• Very slim and short compared to their age

26. How can diseases caused by nutritional deficiencies be controlled?

They can be controlled by eating different types of food daily like vegetables, fruits, milk, meat, fish and
beans.
27. What are the nutritional deficiency diseases?
Nutritional diseases are diseases caused by inadequate or unbalanced diet.
28. List some nutritional deficiencies?

• Iron deficiency Vitamin C deficiency Vitamin A deficiency Deficiency of roughage

29. List some nutritional diseases?

• Anemia Night blindness

• Scurvy Constipation
30. What causes anemia? Iron deficiency

31. What are the signs and symptoms of anemia?

• Feeling dizzy and tired
• The person looks pale

32. How can anemia be controlled?

By eating foods which contain iron and taking some syrup.
33. What causes scurvy?
Lack of vitamin C (vitamin C deficiency)
34. What are the signs and symptoms of scurvy?

• Gum swelling and bleeding Slowing down healing of wounds

35. How can scurvy be controlled?
By eating foods which contain vitamin like oranges and potatoes
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36. What causes night blindness? Vitamin A deficiency
37. What is the sign and symptom of night blindness? Inability to see things at night
38. How can night blindness be controlled?
By eating foods which contain vitamins
39. What causes constipation? Deficiency of roughage

40. What is the sign of constipation?

The person has hard stool and finds difficulty in passing it out.
13. How can constipation be controlled?
14. By eating fruits and vegetables
15. What is the first aid?
It is the immediate care given to a person who has suddenly got injured or accidently fall ill.
16. What are the first aids for cuts, wounds and scars?
• Keep the wound clean.
• Press a clean cloth with the palm of one hand over the entire area of the wound.
• If the blood soaks through, add more thick layers of cloth.
• Raised the limb s that the force of gravity will reduce the blood pressure.
17. What are the first Aid for buns and scalds?
• As quickly as possible apply or submerge into the burned part in cold water.
• Keep the burn as clean as possible by using sterile gauze or clean cloth.
• Do not try to blisters or remove shreds of skin.
• Serious buns of the hands, feet, face and genital areas should be treated in hospitals. Do not use
antiseptic preparation, ointment or spray on a severe burns.
18. Differentiate between buns and scalds? Burns are burns from dry objects.
• Scalds are burns from wet objects.
19. Write the first Aid objectives for:-
a) Burn from a hot iron?
• To limit the depth and severity of the burn.
• To relieve pain.
• To prevent infection.
• To treat the victim for shock.
b) A cut with a sharp knife? To control
the bleeding. To prevent infection.
c) A fractured ulna during a football
match? Stop the bleeding.
• Do not wash or probe in the injured part.
• Do not insert your fingers into it.
• If the born is protruding cover the entire wound with clean cloth.
• Apply a splint to the injured part to prevent movement.
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• If the fracture is the backbone or the neck do not the person until qualified helper and
stretcher arrive.
d) A victim of a snake bite?
• Keep the victim as calm as possible preferably in lying position.
• The part which has been bitten should not be moved.
• If the person has been bitten of the foot should not walk but should be carried on stretcher if
possible.
• If the snake has been killed take it with you as this will help the doctor to use the correct
antivenom.
20. Define fracture? It is a broken bone.
What are the symptoms of dehydration?
• Little or no urine.
• Dry mouth.
• Sunken tearless eyes.
• Soft spot on the baby’s head (fontanel) sinks in. The skin loses its elasticity.
How dehydration can be preventing?
Dehydration can be preventing by drinking a lot of water or oral dehydration salts (ORS).

Chapter2: Animals
1: Define blood?
• Blood is thick fluid which mainly consists of plasma.
2: state the two components that the blood consists of?
• Plasma.
• Cells.
3: What are the three types of blood and their functions?
• White blood cells (W.B.C): it is function is to protect the body against the diseases.
• Red blood cells (R.B.C): act as transportation and communication system.
• Platelets: it is function is to form clot and repair injuries.
4: How many litters of blood an adult person has?
• An adult person has six litters of blood.
5: State the parts of human circulatory system?
• The blood.
• The blood vessels.
• The heart.
6: State the function of human circulatory system?
• It acts as protection.
• It acts as a communication system.
• It acts as transportation system.
• It regulates body temperature.
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7: State the types of blood vessels?
• Arteries.
• Veins.
• Capillaries.
8: Give three differences between arteries and veins?
Arteries veins
Carry oxygenated blood. Carry de-oxygenated blood.
Carry away from the heart. Return blood to the heart
They pass deeply into the body. They pass just below the skin.
9: What is the function of the arteries, veins and capillaries?
Types of blood vessels Their functions
1.Arteries Carry oxygenated blood.
2. Veins Returned de-oxygenated blood.
3.Capillaries Connected arteries and veins.

10: Why the thick middle layer of arteries made up of muscle and elastic tissue?
• To cope with the high pressure surges of blood from the heart.
11: What is the thin wall of capillaries allows?
• The thin walls of capillaries allow loading and unloading substance.
12: Where is your heart lie?
• My heart is in the middle of my chest set very is lightly to the left. 13: What is the size of your heart
and it`s weight?
• The adults’ heart is about the size of a fist and weight about 300g. 14: How many champers does
the human heart has?
• Has a four champers.
15: What is the advantage of the valves?
• Valves allow for the flow of blood from atria to the ventricles only.
16: Draw well labelled diagram of human heart?
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The heart

17: Define excretion?

• It is the removal of waste substances from the body.
18: State three main wastes excreted from the body?
• Carbon dioxide.
• Urea.
• Excessive water and salt that is not required by the body.
19: State the organs of human excretory system?
• The liver.
• The skin.
• The kidneys.
• The lungs.
20: What is the liver made up of?
• The liver is made up of closely packed units of cells and blood vessels called hepatic lobules.
21: Where is the liver is located in the body?
• The liver is located in the upper right abdomen just below the diaphram.
22: what is the main function of the liver?
• To make urea due to the processing of protein in food.

23: Apart from the formation of urea write other four functions of liver?
• It controls the amount of sugar in the body.
• It produces body heat.
• It balances food substances.
• It destroys old red blood cells.
24: Name the substance produced by the liver passed on to the kidneys and excreted at the
urethra?
• Urea.
25: Draw well labelled diagram of the liver?
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The liver

26: Define skin?

• Is the largest organ of the human body.
27: State two main layers of skin?
• Epidermis:-is the outer layer which is covered with tough dead cells.
• Dermis:-is the inner layer which is attached to it detecting sensors.
28: what is the function of the skin?
• It protects the body from the drying.
• It protects the body from minor injuries.
• It gives the body its colour.
• It cools the body when it is hot through sweating.
• Excretion- the removal of excess water and salt trough sweating.
29: Define sweat?
• Is a waste which is a mixture of salt and water that is excreted by the body through the skin.
30: Where is the sweat is excreted from the skin?
• It is excreted through the small holes on the skin called pores.
31: Draw well labelled diagram of the skin?
The skin

39: Define the term kidneys?

• The kidneys are two reddish bean shaped organs situated towards the back of abdomen and chest
above the waist.
40: What is the length of each kidney?
• Each kidney is about 10cm long.
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41: How many parts of each kidney?
• Kidneys are divided into cortex and medulla.
42: What is the cortex?
• The cortex is light outer area of the kidneys.
43: What is the medulla?
• Medulla is a dark inner area of the kidneys.
44: What is the nephron?
• Is the tiny filtering units called in the medulla area.
45: What is the function of the nephrons?
• The nephron removes excess and unwanted materials from the kidneys.
46: List the three functions of the kidney?
• Filter out waste substances.
• Regulate the amount of water and salts in the body.
• Reabsorb substances, such as sugar needed by body.
47: Draw well labelled diagram of the position of the kidneys in the human being?
The kidneys

48: What is the lung?

• Lungs are the two spongy elastic sacs which occupy most of the chest.
49: Where the exchange of digested foods and gases takes place?
• Takes place between capillaries and body cells.
50: which gas is inhaled during respiration?
• Oxygen.
51: which gas is exhaled during respiration?
• Carbon dioxide.
52: where these gases are inhaled or exhaled during respiration?
From the lungs.
53: draw well labelled diagram of the human lungs?
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Chapter3: Plants
1: What is the flower?
• The flower is reproductive part of the plants and has male and female.
2: How is a flower important for plants?
• Because it is the reproductive part of the plants.
3: Name the two types of flowers?
• Bisexual flowers :( those that have both male and female parts).
• Unisexual flowers :( they either have female or male parts).
4: Name the main four parts of flower?
• Sepals.
• Petals.
• Pistil or carpel (the female part).
• Stamen (the male part).
5: What are the sepals?
• Sepals are small green structures that enclose and protect the inner parts of the flower.
6: What is the stamen?
• Stamen is male parts of the flower.
7: List the parts of the stamen?
• Anther.
• Filament.
• Pollen.
8: How many parts divided into the anther?
• The anther is divided two sections called lobes.
9: What is the pistil?
• The pistil is the female parts of the flower.
10: How many parts pistil consist of?
• Stigma.
• Stylus. Ovary.
11: What are the two stages in the sexual reproduction of flowers? Pollination and
fertilization.

12: What is the pollination?

• It is the transfer for pollen grain from ripped anther to stigma.
13: Name two ways in which pollination can take place? Self-pollination.
and Cross pollination.
14: What is the self-pollination?
• Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of same flower. 15: What is the cross
pollination?
• Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grain from the anther to the stigma another flower.
16: Drew and rebel the parts of a flower?
The parts of the flower
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17: what are the functions of the flower parts?

• Anther:- it produces the pollen grains (male cells of a flower) Sepal: - it holds and gives protection
in the whole flower.
• Stigma: - it is to receive pollen grains.
• Style: - it connects the stigma and ovary. It also where the pollen grain passes from stigma to ovary.
• Ovule: - it is where the female cells contain and fertilization occurs. it is also holds and give support
to anther
18: Name the two types of the seeds?
• Monocotyledonous seeds (monocots).
• Dicotyledonous seeds (dicot).
19: What are the factors that are necessary for germination?
• Available of water.
• A suitable temperature.
• The presence of oxygen.
20: write four differences between insect pollinated flower and wind pollinated flower?
Insect pollinated flower Wind pollinated flower
Petals are attractive, colour- full, scented. Petals are not attractive, usually
green, no scent.
Stamens and carpel are inside. Stamens and carpel are exposed to
outside.
Has short filament and style. Has long filament and style.
Pollen grains are small quantities, rough and sticky. Pollen grains are large, dry and light.
21: What is the part of flower which develops into fruit?
• Ovary.
22: How can we classify fruits?
• We can classify their seeds or according to how we use them or eat them.
23: What are the three types of succulent fruits?
• Drupe (stone).
• Berry (no stone).
• False fruit (swollen receptacle).
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•
24: Define the term of dispersal?
• Is the process by which seeds scattered away from the parent plant?
25: Give the four examples seed and fruit dispersal
• Self-dispersal.
• Wind dispersal.
• Animal dispersal.
• Water dispersal.
26: Give two characteristics of seeds dispersed by animals?
• They have hooks.
• Their fruit are eaten by animals.
27: List two features of seeds dispersed by wind?
• They are small and light.
• Others have parachute-like structure to float in the air.
28: What is called the part of the seed that develops in the new seeding?
The embryo.
29: which part of the seed will develop in to the shoot after germination? Plumule.
30: which part will develop into the root after germination?
• The redicle
31: what does the fertilizer ovule develop into plants?
• It develops into the seeds.
32: the part of the flower which develops in to fruits?
• It is the ovary.
33: where does the germinating seed get from it its energy to grow?
• It gets from the food stored in the cotyledons or seed leaves.
34: what are the functions of roots?
• It absorbs water and mineral salts from the soil.
• It holds the plants to the ground. It stores food.
35: what are the functions of stems?
• It produces the leaves.
• It holds the leaves so that they can get enough sun light.
• It carries water and mineral salts from roots to the leaves.
• It carries food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant.
• In some plants the stems store food.
36: state four functions of leaves?
• It manufactures the food for the plants.
• They have stomata which does the exchange of gases. In some plants the leaves store food
materials.
• They also cool the plants through transpiration
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Chapter 4 Eniviroment
1-mention two used of sow-dust?
*heating or cooking
2-mention two used of cowding?
*agas called methane into reproduce heart. *as a fuel when dry is cooking
3-mention two used of Ash?
*Growing plants controlling pastes and pastesides. *stored grains as preservation
4-mention two used of waste papers?
*toilet tissue * cartons
5-what is the Recycling?

*is the prosses of using substance

6-Defibe scrab?
*Scrab: un wanted or waste.
7-List some of waste papers substance in your envirment?
*TINS.
Chapter 5 Agriculture
1)what is the meaning of bread?
AN) A bread refers to a group of animals which have similar direction.
2)Define domestic animal?
AN) the animals that keep in our homes & Animals.
3)How many types of animal? What are they?
AN) There are two types Domestic animal & wild animal
4)Tell the purposes rearing of gout, sheep, cattle, and chicken?
AN) purposes rearing of gout, sheep, cattle, and chicken are meat
5)How many bread of sheep are divided?
AN) there two divided
6)what is the slaughtering gout?
AN) slaughtering: the most familer meat breads
7) what are chicken?
AN) chicken: which are reared meat for production
8)How many methods of chicken rearing? What are they
AN) there are three ways: dipper letter , free range , Battery system
9)List disease that effect of livestock?
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AN) disease that effect of livestock are: Anthrax ,foot& smooth ,mastitis , east lost , foot rot .
10) Tell the symtoms of livestock disease?
AN) symtoms of livestock disease are: Rest lessness , loss of appetite , high temperature
11)Tell the symtoms of Anthrax ,foot& smooth ,mastitis , east lost , foot rot ?
AN) symtoms of Anthrax ,foot& smooth ,mastitis , east lost , foot rot are:

*Anthrax: High temperature * foot& smooth: salivation * east lost: difficult breating
*foot rot: lom ness my not be able. *Mastitis: Teates become hard
12) Tell some common methods of controlling diseases?
AN) controlling diseases: are vaccination , sanitation , proper feeding.
13) Tell the another name of external parasite?
AN) another name of external parasite : are ecto parasite
14)Where attacks the external parasite?
AN) attacks the external parasite skin , earlope , under the tail
15) what is the parasite?
AN) parasite: is a an organism that lives on or in host organism
16)what is the external parasite?
AN) external parasite: is a that can infest dairy cattle insect.
17) what causes external parasite?
AN) causes external parasite: parasite that effects dogs and cats are fleas, lice, mites, and ticks.
18) Name some external parasite?
AN) some external parasite: there are several kinds of flies that bitting flies.
19) Tell the control of external parasite?
AN) control of external parasite: dipping, hand dressing , hand picking
20) What is the another name of internal parasite?
AN) another name of internal parasite are: ENDO Parasite
21) where internal parasite attack the body?
AN) internal parasite attack the body : lungs river , heart ETC
22) Tell the symtomes of internal parasite?
AN) symtomes of internal parasite: are Thinning & weights loss , rough coat.
23) Tell some of internal parasite?
AN) some of internal parasite: are Warms
24) How to controlled of internal parasite?
AN) controlled of internal parasite : are drenching , Dosing , & Sanitation.
25) Define following terms: a) Castration , b) Docking c) debeaking dehorning
AN) a) Castration: Removing testes from males to reduce competitiveness among
b) Docking:cutting sheep of tails short: C) dehorning: removing of horns from cattle.
D) debeaking: removing of beak from birds using special clippers