LE3 OIA

Masseter
O: Zygomatic process
I: Masseteric fossa of mandible
A: Elevates mandible

Digastric
O: Paraoccipital process and mastoid process of temporal bone
I: Ventral surface of mandible
A: Depresses mandible

Sternohyoid
O: Sternum
I: Hyoid bone
A: Pulls tongue backward

Sternomastoid
O: Sternum
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone
A: Turns head and depresses snout

Cleidobasilaris
O: Clavicle
I: Occiput
A: Turns head and depresses snout

Cleidomastoid
O: Clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone
A: Turns head and depresses snout

Cleidodeltoid
O: Clavicle
I: Humerus
A: Pulls humerus forward

Mylohyoid
O: Medial surface of mandible
I: Basihyal (meets adjacent muscle at midline)
A: Raises floor of mouth

Thyrohyoid
O: Thyroid cartilage
I: Hyoid bone
A: Raises larynx

Stylohyoid
O: Stylohyal of hyoid
I: Basihyal of hyoid
A: Elevates and draws hyoid rostrally

Cricothyroid
O: Surface of cricoid cartilage
I: Thyroid cartilage of larynx
A: Pulls larynx caudally

Sternothyroid
O: Sternum
I: Thyroid cartilage of larynx
A: Pulls larynx caudally

Sternomastoid
O: Sternum
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone
A: Turns head and depresses snout

Longus colli
O: Ventral surfaces of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
I: Ventral surfaces of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
A: Rotates and bends the neck ventrally and laterally

Pectoralis tenuis
O: Sternum
I: Pectoral ridge of humerus
A: Adducts forelimb

Pectoralis major
O: Sternum
I: Pectoral ridge of humerus
A: Adducts forelimb

Pectoralis profundus (pectoralis minor)

O: Sternum
I: Pectoral ridge of humerus
A: Adducts forelimb

Rectus abdominis
O: Pubic tubercle
I: 1st and 2nd costal cartilages and sternum
A: Compresses abdomen

Cleidodeltoid
O: Clavicle
I: Humerus
A: Pulls humerus forward

Rectus thoracis
O: First rib
I: Second through fourth ribs
A: Elevate ribs

Scalenus
O: Sternum
I: Ribs
A: Elevated ribs

Serratus ventralis
O: Ribs
I: Dorsal edge of scapula
A: Depresses scapula

Acromiotrapezius
O: Occipital protuberance
I: Scapula
A: Elevates and draws scapula forward

Levator scapulae ventralis

O: Occiput
I: Scapula
A: Elevates and draws scapula forward

Claidodeltoid
O: Clavicle
I: Humerus
A: Pulls humerus forward

Acromiodeltoid
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Pulls humerus forward

Supraspinatus
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Extends humerus

Spinodeltoid
O: Spine of scapula
I: Humerus
A: Flexes and rotates humerus outward

Teres major
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Flexes shoulder; adducts forelimb
Spinotrapezius
O: Thoracic spine
I: Scapula
A: Draw scapula dorsally

Latissimus dorsi
O: Dorsal fascia of the thorax
I: Medial surface of humerus
A: Pulls humerus backward

Cutaneous trunci
O: Fascia of latissimus dorsi
I: Dermis of skin in trunk
A: Moves skin of trunk

Triceps brachii, long head

O: Scapula
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: Extends forearm

Brachialis
O: Dorsal border of humerus
I: Medial surface of ulna
A: Flexes forelimb

Splenius
O: Middorsal line of neck
I: Atlas
A: Turns and raises head

Rhomboideus capitis, major, minor

O: Spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
I: Vertebral border of scapula
A: Pulls scapula medially

Longissimus dorsi
O: Ilium and lumbar vertebrae
I: Thoracic and cervical vertebrae
A: Extends vertebral column

Multifudus
O: Ilium and sacrum
I: Spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
A: Bends torso to the side

Spinodeltoid
O: Spine of scapula
I: Humerus
A: Flexes and rotates humerus outward
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Humerus
A: Rotates humerus laterally

Teres minor
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Rotates humerus laterally

Scalenus dorsalis
O: 1st rib
I: Cervical vertebrae
A: Flexes neck and elevates ribs (inspiration)

Levator scapulae
O: Occiput
I: Metacromion process of scapula
A: Draws scapula forward

Supraspinatus
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Extends humerus

Teres major
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Flexes shoulder; adducts forelimb

Subscapularis
O: Scapula
I: Humerus
A: Pulls humerus medially

External oblique
O: Caudal ribs and lumbodorsal fascia
I: Linea alba
A: Co

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominis
O: Vertebral ribs, processes of lumbar vertebrate, and crest of ilium
I: Linea alba
A: Compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Rectus abdominis
O: Ilium
I: Ribs
A: Supports abdominal viscera; maintains vertebral arch

Triceps brachii, lateral head

O: Lateral surface of humerus
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: Extends forearm

Anconeus
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Lateral surface of ulna
A: Extends forearm

Extensor carpi radialis longus

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: 2nd metacarpal
A: Extends paw

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: 3rd metacarpal
A: Extends paw

Extensor digitorum communis

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Phalanges of digits 2-5
A: Extends joints of digits 2-5

Extensor digitorum lateralis

O: Anterior face of lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Digits 2-5
A: Extends 4th and 5th digits

Extensor carpi ulnaris

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Tubercle of 5th metacarpal
A: Extends carpus; rotates wrist laterally

Biceps brachii
O: Cranial edge of glenoid cavity
I: Tuberosity of radius
A: Flexes forelimb

Epitrochlearis
O: Lateral border of latissimus dorsi
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: Extends forelimb
Pronator teres
O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Medial border of radius
A: Pronates paw

Flexor digitorum profundus

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus: radius and ulna
I: Bases of distal phalanges
A: Flexes digits

Flexor carpi radialis

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
A: Flexes wrist

Flexor digitorum profundus

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Middle phalanx of digits 2-5
A: Flexes proximal and middle joints of digits 2-5

Flexor carpi ulnaris

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna
I: Accessory carpal bone
A: Flexus carpus (twist)

Tensor fasciae latae

O: Ilium and fascia of surrounding hip muscles
I: Fascia latae covering gluteus medius and vastus lateralis
A: Tenses fascia latae and extends hindlimb

Gluteus maximus
O: Ilium and Sacrum
I: Femur near greater trochanter
A: Abducts thigh

Gluteus medius
O: Lateral surface of ilium
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts thigh

Caudofemoralis
O: Tuberosity of ischium
I: Lateral border of patella
A: Abducts thigh; extends hindlimb

Biceps femoris
O: Tuberosity of ischium
I: Dorsal border of tibia and lateral patella
A: Abducts thigh; flexes hindlimb
Vastus lateralis
O: Greater trochanter of femur
I: Vastus medialis and rectus femoris
A: Extends hindlimb

Semimembranous
O: Ischium
I: Medial surface of tibia
A: Flexes hindlimb and extends thigh

Semitendinosus
O: Ischium
I: Tibia
A: Flexes hindlimb

Piriformis
O: Sacral and caudal vertebrae
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts and extends thigh

Adductor magnus
O: Ischium
I: Femur
A: Adducts thigh

Adductor longus
O: Pubis
I: Linea aspera of femur
A: Adducts thigh

Vastus intermedius
O: Femur
I: Knee
A: Extends hindlimb

Rectus femoris
O: Ilium
I: Tibial crest
A: Extends hindlimb

Adductor magnus
O: Ischium
I: Femur
A: Adducts thigh

Quadratus femoris
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Femur
A: Extends and rotates thigh

Gemellus minimus (Gemellus inferior)

O: Lateral surface of ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Rotates and abducts thigh

Gemellus cranialis (Gemellus superior)

O: Lateral surface of ilium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Rotates and abducts thigh

Obturator internus
O: Medial surface of ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Abducts and rotates thigh laterally

Obturator externus
O: Medial surface of ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Rotates thigh laterally

Gluteus profundus (Gluteus minimus)

O: Lateral surface of ilium
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Rotates thigh

Vastus lateralis
O: Greater trochanter of femur
I: Vastus medialis and rectus femoris
A: Extends hindlimb

Vastus medialis
O: Shaft of femur
I: Patella and head of tibia
A: Extends hindlimb

Gracilis
O: Pubis
I: Medial surface of knee and hindlimb
A: Adducts hindlimb

Sartorius
O: Ilium
I: Patella
A: Adducts and extends hindlimb

Rectus femoris
O: Ilium
I: Tibial crest
A: Extends hindlimb

Semimembranosus
O: Ischium
I: Medial surface of tibia
A: Flexes hindlimb and extends thigh

Tibialis cranialis
O: Lateral shaft of tibia
I: 1st metatarsal
A: Extends hindlimb

Adductor magnus
O: Ischium
I: Femur
A: Adducts thigh

Adductor longus
O: Pubis and Ischium
I: Femur
A: Adducts thigh

Adductor brevis
O: Pubis
I: Femur
A: Adducts thigh

Pectineus
O: Cranial edge of pubis
I: Proximal shaft of femur
A: Flexes hip and adducts thigh

Psoas major
O: Last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
A: Flexes and rotates thigh
Psoas minor
O: Last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae
I: Pubis
A: Flexes vertebral column

Quadratus lumborum
O: Iliac crest
I: Lower border of 13th rib
A: Flexes vertebral column laterally

Tibialis cranialis
O: Lateral shaft of tibia
I: 1st metatarsal
A: Flexes hindfoot

Extensor digitorum longus

O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: Bases of the four distal phalanges
A: Exte

Peroneus longus
O: Tibia
I: 1st and 2nd metatarsals
A: Flexes and abducts foot

Peroneus brevis
O: Tibia
I: 5th metatarsal
A: Flexes and abducts foot

Gastrocnemius
O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: Calcaneus
A: Extends hindfoot

Soleus
O: Head of fibula
I: Calcaneus
A: Extends hindfoot

Plantaris
O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: Calcaneus
A: Extends hindfoot

Peroneus tertius
O: Fibula
I: 1st phalanx of 5th digit
A: Flexes foot and abducts and extends 5th digit

Extensor digiti quanti

O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: 5th digit
A: Extends 5th digit

Tibialis cranialis
O: Lateral shaft of tibia
I: 1st metatarsal
A: Flexes hindfoot

Plantaris
O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: Calcaneus
A: Extends hindfoot

Flexor hallucis longus

O: Tibia
I: Distal phalanges of the four digits
A: Flexes hindfoot

Flexor digitorum longus

O: Tibia and fibula
I: Distal phalanges of the four digits
A: Flexes hindfoot