CO QAH + MELC LW

Course Outline &Quality Assured HANDOUT No. 2 in

Handouts paired with MELC- Inquiries, Immersion and Investigation
Based Learner’s Worksheet

MELC: The Learner formulates clearly the statement of research problem

Semester: 2 Week No. 2 Day: 1-4

LESSON: Identifying the Problem and Asking the Question

Even pre-normal situation we always say, that life is not always easy. We may have ups and downs in
our life experiences. But experiencing pandemic situation for today makes our life more complicated and we
really could say that life in not too easy! Now, is the situation in life where we experience difficulties’ trying to
know and find solutions in every aspect of pandemic pendulum in even health, socio -economic, and most of
all students’ modalities of learning. By nature, what we experience today which trigger us to find answers
and solutions in our different worries in life is what we called challenges. But mind you, challengesmake us
more inquisitive, more reflective and more investigative. They Inspire us to solve and pushes usto deal with it,
they guide us whom to ask, what to do, where to go as wewere to be free from problems. The manner of doing
all these things is the manner of how you confront research problem. Baraceros (2016) defined research
problem as something that nurtures in your mind a difficulty or uncertainty, enough to push you to do an
empirical investigation whereby you search for answers to a problem by collecting and analyzing data or
information through which you can find the right answer or solution.

TOPIC 1: Parts of Research Paper in forming a clear Statement of the problem

1.Title of the Study-Framing the Title

What are the standards in writing the research title? A research title must …
1. List key variables
2. Be written in scientific or technical style
3. Be concise (no more than 12 words) and non- repetitive
4. Reflect SHS students’ context
5. Not explicitly provide reference to the research design

2. Background of the Study

This is the description that leads the reader to understanding the research questions and
appreciates why they are asked. In writing this section you need to:

1. Introduce and briefly define the variables under the study

2. Cite the most important study or related literature
3. Be consistent with terms used
4. Ensure that paragraphs summarize unresolved issues, conflicting findings, social concerns, or
educational, national or international issues.
5. Write the last paragraph to highlight the research gap.
6. It must be in a form of Narrative Hook:

It serves the important function of drawing the reader into a study. Causes the reader to:
 Pay attention *statistical data
 Elicit emotional or attitudinal responses, * a provocative question
 Spark interest, and * a clear need for research
 Encourage the reader to continue reading * the intent or purpose of the study
3. Statement of the Problem
This section contains the purpose statements and the research question(s)

“This study (or research) aims to … (make congruent with title).”

“Specifically, this research (or study) seeks to answer the following questions.”

Phrase questions with the data to be collected in mind. Answer the data and rephrase questions, if your
intended answer does not match the question.

Example:

Statement of the Problem

This study generally aims to determine if SHS students’ use of social media possess significant
relationship with their attention span during their work immersion.

Specifically, this study shall seek answers to the following questions:

1. What is the level of social media usage of grade 12 students of Calbayog City Schools Division in
terms of:
1.1.1 of social media;
1.1.2 frequency of social media use;
1.1.3 mode of social media use?
2. What is the attention span in class of grade 12 students of Calbayog City Schools Division?
3. Is there a significant relationship between the frequency of social media use and the attention span
of Grade 12 students of Calbayog City Schools Division?

4.The Theoretical Framework

This portion justifies the rationale for the investigation (Castillo, 2001).Theory/ies on which the study is
premised should be cited in order to establish the relationship among the variable/s in the study.Thorough
documentation on the sources of the theory/ies cited should be made.

For example:
The researcher is working on a research titled “Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Productivity Level
of Senior High School Students during their Work Immersion for the SY 2021-2022 in Schools Division of
Calbayog City.”

The variables in the study are “Job Satisfaction” and “Productivity”, underscoring Maslow’s Theory of
Motivation and McClelland’s Theory, some of the theories on motivation which discuss the level of motivation
influencing job satisfaction and productivity.

Theory Construction – How to?

Step 1. Facts observed
Step 2. Evolvement of the researcher’s own theory
Step 3. Citing well-known authority – sources to support the researcher’s evolved theory.

5.Conceptual Framework

This refers to the researcher’s concepts or ideas in carrying out the study as it relates to the theoretical
framework. Various consideration in the formulation of the researcher’s own concept is placed on the localized
situation. That is, making the theoretical framework more applicable to local situation and workable.

A conceptual paradigm is made usually consisting of inputs, process, and outputs (Castillo, 2001).
This paradigm should be explained in detail by the researcher.This should serve as an inductive approach
towards the specific statement of the problem in the study.

For example:
Profile of SHS Work Job Satisfaction Intervention Program:
Immersion Students in and Productivity
Schools Division of To improve The
Calbayog City
Level of Senior
Productivity and
High
 Age Job Satisfaction
SchoolStudents
 Sex Performance of
 Socio- during their Work
SHS Work
economic Immersion for the
status Immersion
SY 2021-2022 in
 Parent’s Students in the
educational Schools Division
attainment
Schools Division of
of Calbayog City
Calbayog City
Figure 1. This Schema presents the flow of the study on the Determinants of Job Satisfactions and Productivity Levelof Senior High SchoolStudents
during their Work Immersion for the SY 2021-2022 in Schools Division of Calbayog City.

6.The Null Hypothesis

 These are statements of “no significant relationship/difference” which is mainly a negation of the
second level specific problem statements.
 The order or arrangements of the statements follow from the second level specific problem statements.
Example:

H0: There is no significant relationship between the determinants of Job satisfaction and productivity level of
Senior High School students during their Immersion for the SY 2021-2022 in the Schools Division of Calbayog
City.

7. Definition of terms
Researchers should remember the following points in formulating the section on definition of terms:
 This section provides a definition for the terms repeatedly used throughout the discussion which is
usually the variables of the study. The definition usually starts with and followed by the conceptual
definitionoperational definition.
 Conceptual definition is mostly concerned with attributing authorities like books, magazines, etc.,
including unpublished materials (Vizcarra, 2003).
 Operational definition of terms is done when a researcher defines the terms as he uses them in the
study (Vizcarra, 2003). They can be defined according to the measurements of variables.
 Technical studies usually define terms as an explanatory device (Vizcarra, 2003).
Example:

Socio-economic status. This is often measured as a combination of education, income and

occupation. It is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of an individual or a
group(www.apa.org). In this study, it pertains to the family background such as the history of parents’
occupation (combine and net income), social affiliation, size of the family, attitudes of the parents
towards education, parent’s attendance and participation in school activities.

8.Significance of the Study

States the audience who will benefit from a study of the problem and explains how exactly will be the
results be significant to them. In writing this section, in a paragraph form, cite beneficiaries (e.g., students,
community, school administrators, parents or teachers) of the study.
For each beneficiary group, specifically describe how it will benefit from the findings.

Example:

Teachers. The results of this study would give insights to the core problems posted in their roles as front
liners.

Administrators. This study may provide valuable information in order to implement the enhancement
programs and improve their academic instruction.

9.Scope and Delimitations

This presents the coverage of the research in terms of locations, time, respondents, etc., and the
potential weaknesses or problems with the study identified by the researcher. In writing this section:
 Cite data collection
 Identify school involved, number of classes, their grade /year level, number of participants (or
respondents, subjects), and topics of lesson covered.
 State inadequate measures of variables, loss or lack of participants, small sample sizes, errors
in measurement, and other factors typically related to data collection and analysis.

Example:
The respondents of the study were the SHS Grade 12 students who were deployed for SHS Work
Immersion. These students have grades not below 80 in the public secondary schools in Schools Division of
Calbayog City for SY 2021-2022.

References:

Baraceros, E.L. E-book First Edition. Published, copyrighted 2016, and distributed by Rex Book.
Store, Inc. (RBSI) with main office at 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila /
Tel. Nos.: 735-1364, 736-0567

Inquiries, Investigation and immersion. Statement of Research Problem. https://www.scribd.com

Miano, J.M(2016). “Determinants of Scholastic Performance of the “at risks” Grade 9 Students of
the public schools in the Division of Calbayog City.”NwSSU, Rueda St. Ext., Calbayog
City, Samar.

MONTECALVO, E. B., Ph.D. in Social Science Research Methods,NwSSU, Rueda St. Ext.,
Calbayog City, Samar

Prieto, N., Naval, V., and Carey, T. Practical Research 2 for Senior High School. Lorimar Publisher

Vizcarra, Florante O. (2003). Introduction to Educational Research. Quezon City: Great Books Trading.

Prepared by:

Jeazyl Monterona Miano

SST III
San Policarpo National High School

Checked and Evaluated by:

Nelin D. Acoba Rhuel R. Yongotyongot

Master Teacher I Principal 1
Evaluator Evaluator

Jose O. Abon Luz T. Uy

Public Schools District Supervisor Principal I
Evaluator Evaluator

Noted:
Dr. Arnold M. Jaraba
EPS 1- EPP/TLE