Higher Order Derivatives

(MAT051 - Calculus I)

2nd Semester, 2022-2023

JEAN M. CABARO, PhD

Mathematics Department
Mindanao State University Main Campus
Marawi City
jean.cabaro@msumain.edu.ph
Higher Order Derivatives
Higher Order Derivatives

If the function f is differentiable, then its derivative f 0 is called the first

derivative of f . If the function f 0 is differentiable, then the derivative of f 0 is
called the second derivative of f , denoted by f 00 . Similarly, the third
derivative of f , denoted by f 000 , is defined as the derivative of f 00 , provided that
f 00 exists.
Higher Order Derivatives

If the function f is differentiable, then its derivative f 0 is called the first

derivative of f . If the function f 0 is differentiable, then the derivative of f 0 is
called the second derivative of f , denoted by f 00 . Similarly, the third
derivative of f , denoted by f 000 , is defined as the derivative of f 00 , provided that
f 00 exists.
Definition
The nth derivative of the function f , denoted by f (n) , is defined as the derivative
of the (n-1)st derivative of f , provided the latter exists.
Remark
dy
The Leibniz notation for the first derivative is , where y = f (x ). The Leibniz
dx
notation for the second derivative of f with respect to x is
Remark
dy
The Leibniz notation for the first derivative is , where y = f (x ). The Leibniz
dx
notation for the second derivative of f with respect to x is

d 2y
   
d dy d d
= = (y ) .
dx 2 dx dx dx dx
Remark
dy
The Leibniz notation for the first derivative is , where y = f (x ). The Leibniz
dx
notation for the second derivative of f with respect to x is

d 2y
   
d dy d d
= = (y ) .
dx 2 dx dx dx dx

d ny
In general, the symbol n
denotes the nth derivative of y with respect to x.
dx
That is,
d ny d d n−1 y
      
d d d d
= = ... = ··· (y )
dx n dx dx n−1 dx dx dx dx
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
f 00 (x ) = 20x 3 − 24x 2 + 18x − 8
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
f 00 (x ) = 20x 3 − 24x 2 + 18x − 8
f 000 (x ) = 60x 2 − 48x + 18
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
f 00 (x ) = 20x 3 − 24x 2 + 18x − 8
f 000 (x ) = 60x 2 − 48x + 18
f (4) (x ) = 120x − 48
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
f 00 (x ) = 20x 3 − 24x 2 + 18x − 8
f 000 (x ) = 60x 2 − 48x + 18
f (4) (x ) = 120x − 48
f (5) (x ) = 120
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
f 00 (x ) = 20x 3 − 24x 2 + 18x − 8
f 000 (x ) = 60x 2 − 48x + 18
f (4) (x ) = 120x − 48
f (5) (x ) = 120
f (6) (x ) = 0
Example.
1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = x 5 − 2x 4 + 3x 3 − 4x 2 + 5x − 6.

Solution:

f 0 (x ) = 5x 4 − 8x 3 + 9x 2 − 8x + 5
f 00 (x ) = 20x 3 − 24x 2 + 18x − 8
f 000 (x ) = 60x 2 − 48x + 18
f (4) (x ) = 120x − 48
f (5) (x ) = 120
f (6) (x ) = 0
f (n) (x ) = 0, for all n ≥ 6.
 d4 1


2. Find dx 4 x2 .
 d4 1


2. Find dx 4 x2 .
1
Solution: Observe that x2 = x −2 . Then,
 d4 1


2. Find dx 4 x2 .
1
Solution: Observe that = x −2 . Then,
x2
 
d 1 d
2
= (x −2 ) = −2x −3
dx x dx
 d4 1


2. Find dx 4 x2 .
1
Solution: Observe that = x −2 . Then,
x2
 
d 1 d
2
= (x −2 ) = −2x −3
dx x dx
2
d 2 −2
 
d 1
= (x ) = 6x −4
dx 2 x 2 dx 2
 d4 1


2. Find dx 4 x2 .
1
Solution: Observe that = x −2 . Then,
x2
 
d 1 d
2
= (x −2 ) = −2x −3
dx x dx
2
d 2 −2
 
d 1
= (x ) = 6x −4
dx 2 x 2 dx 2
d3 d 3 −2
 
1
= (x ) = −24x −5
dx 3 x 2 dx 3
 d4 1


2. Find dx 4 x2 .
1
Solution: Observe that = x −2 . Then,
x2
 
d 1 d
2
= (x −2 ) = −2x −3
dx x dx
2
d 2 −2
 
d 1
= (x ) = 6x −4
dx 2 x 2 dx 2
d3 d 3 −2
 
1
= (x ) = −24x −5
dx 3 x 2 dx 3
d4 d 4 −2
 
1 120
= 4 (x ) = 120x −6 =
dx 4 x 2 dx x6
3. Find f (5) of f (x ) = cos(3x − 5).
3. Find f (5) of f (x ) = cos(3x − 5).
Solution:

f 0 (x ) = − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = −3 sin(3x − 5)
3. Find f (5) of f (x ) = cos(3x − 5).
Solution:

f 0 (x ) = − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = −3 sin(3x − 5)
f 00 (x ) = −3 cos(3x − 5) · 3 = −9 cos(3x − 5)
3. Find f (5) of f (x ) = cos(3x − 5).
Solution:

f 0 (x ) = − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = −3 sin(3x − 5)
f 00 (x ) = −3 cos(3x − 5) · 3 = −9 cos(3x − 5)
f 000 (x ) = −9 · − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = 27 sin(3x − 5)
3. Find f (5) of f (x ) = cos(3x − 5).
Solution:

f 0 (x ) = − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = −3 sin(3x − 5)
f 00 (x ) = −3 cos(3x − 5) · 3 = −9 cos(3x − 5)
f 000 (x ) = −9 · − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = 27 sin(3x − 5)
f (4) (x ) = 27 cos(3x − 5) · 3 = 81 cos(3x − 5)
3. Find f (5) of f (x ) = cos(3x − 5).
Solution:

f 0 (x ) = − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = −3 sin(3x − 5)
f 00 (x ) = −3 cos(3x − 5) · 3 = −9 cos(3x − 5)
f 000 (x ) = −9 · − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = 27 sin(3x − 5)
f (4) (x ) = 27 cos(3x − 5) · 3 = 81 cos(3x − 5)
f (5) (x ) = 81 · − sin(3x − 5) · 3 = −243 sin(3x − 5).
 d 3y
4. Find dx 3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
 3
4. Find ddxy3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
Solution:
dy
= sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1) = −[sec(3 − x )]2
dx
 3
4. Find ddxy3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
Solution:
dy
= sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1) = −[sec(3 − x )]2
dx
d 2y
= −2 · sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 2
 3
4. Find ddxy3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
Solution:
dy
= sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1) = −[sec(3 − x )]2
dx
d 2y
= −2 · sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 2
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 tan(3 − x )
 3
4. Find ddxy3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
Solution:
dy
= sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1) = −[sec(3 − x )]2
dx
d 2y
= −2 · sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 2
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 tan(3 − x )
d 3y
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 · sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 3
 3
4. Find ddxy3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
Solution:
dy
= sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1) = −[sec(3 − x )]2
dx
d 2y
= −2 · sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 2
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 tan(3 − x )
d 3y
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 · sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 3
+ tan(3 − x ) · 4 sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
 3
4. Find ddxy3 if y = tan(3 − x ).
Solution:
dy
= sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1) = −[sec(3 − x )]2
dx
d 2y
= −2 · sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 2
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 tan(3 − x )
d 3y
= 2[sec(3 − x )]2 · sec2 (3 − x ) · (−1)
dx 3
+ tan(3 − x ) · 4 sec(3 − x ) · sec(3 − x ) tan(3 − x ) · (−1)
= −2 sec4 (3 − x ) − 4 sec2 (3 − x ) tan2 (3 − x )
Exercise

1. Find all derivatives of the function defined by

f (x ) = 6x 6 − 5x 5 + 4x 4 − 3x 3 + 2x 2 − x + 7.
 
d4 2
2. Find dx 4 (2x +1)3 .
 
d2 x 4 −1
3. Find dx 2 x2 .
4. Find f (5) of f (x ) = sin(2x − 1).
5. Find f 000 of f (x ) = sec 3x.
 ASSESSMENT TEST

NAME: SIGNATURE:
SECTION: DATE:
SCORE:
Find the indicated higher order derivative.
x +1
1. Find d 4 y /dx 4 , if y =
2x
2. Find f , where f (x ) = tan2 (4 − 7x )
(3)