Health

ORIGINAL
CASE Perceptions and Practices of Lumads in Southern Philippines
ARTICLE
REPORT

‘Žȱ
ŽŠ•‘ȱŽ›ŒŽ™’˜—œȱŠ—ȱ
›ŠŒ’ŒŽœȱ˜ȱž–Šœȱ’—ȱ˜ž‘Ž›—ȱ‘’•’™™’—Žœȱ
ȱ
¢–’Šȱ’–Ž—Ž•ȱ’–‹ž•Š— ȱŠ—ȱŽ’ŒŠ•ȱŒ’˜—ȱ ›˜ž™ǰȱ—ŒǯŘȱ
ŗ

ȱ
ŗŽ™Š›–Ž—ȱ˜ȱŽ‘ŠŸ’˜›Š•ȱŒ’Ž—ŒŽœǰȱ˜••ŽŽȱ˜ȱ›œȱŠ—ȱŒ’Ž—ŒŽœǰ—’ŸŽ›œ’¢ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ‘’•’™™’—ŽœȱŠ—’•Šȱ

Ř
ŽŠ•‘ȱŠ—ȱ
ž–Š—ȱ’‘œȱ˜—Ȭ˜ŸŽ›—–Ž—ȱŠ—’£Š’˜—ȱ

ȱ
ȱ
ABSTRACT
The Lumads or non-Islamized indigenous peoples (IPs) of
Mindanao, specifically in Maramag, Bukidnon, have
demonstrated a high level of awareness of the right to health.
The results of the study conducted in 2006 revealed majority of
the 200 IP respondents interviewed have basic knowledge and
understanding of concepts like the universality of the right to
health across economic status, sex, and religion; and equality of
the right to health of Christians and Lumads. Factors like
exposure to the mass media and influence of the barangay
health center have contributed to the high level of knowledge of
IPs on the right to health, also a reflection of their assimilation
into mainstream society. However, they continue to hold on to
their indigenous health and treatment beliefs, practices and
rituals like patronizing the services of the baylan or traditional
healer, using herbal plants and medicines, and utilizing
traditional structures in the community when confronted by
serious health problems, and performing rituals such as the
pamuhat, patawalan and talotho. Promoting the IPs’ right to
health requires political will and commitment on the part of the
State to fulfill its obligations to these sections of the population
who have continuously been marginalized and discriminated by
mainstream society. The active participation of the IPs and their
organizations is likewise critical in the development of specific
and culturally-appropriate health plans, programs and services.
Key Words: indigenous peoples, health beliefs and practices, right
to health
ȱ ’œ’—Œ’ŸŽȱ Œž•ž›Š•ȱ ›Š’œǰȱ ˜›ȱ  ‘˜ȱ ‘ŠŸŽǰȱ ‘›˜ž‘ȱ
—›˜žŒ’˜—ȱ
—ȱ ŠŒŒŽ™Š‹•Žȱ Ž¡™•Š—Š’˜—ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Œ˜—ŒŽ™ȱ ȃ’—’Ž—˜žœȱ
™Ž˜™•ŽœȄȱǻœǼǰȱŠ•‘˜ž‘ȱ—˜ȱŒ˜—œ’Ž›Žȱ’œȱ˜›–Š•ȱŽ’—’’˜—ǰȱ
’œȱ ‘Šȱ ȱ ™žȱ ˜› Š›ȱ ‹¢ȱ Š›’—Ž£ȱ ˜‹˜ǰȱ ‘Žȱ ™ŽŒ’Š•ȱ
Š™™˜›Žž›ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ ž‹Ȭ˜––’œœ’˜—ȱ ˜—ȱ ›ŽŸŽ—’˜—ȱ ˜ȱ
’œŒ›’–’—Š’˜—ȱ Š—ȱ ›˜ŽŒ’˜—ȱ ˜ȱ ’—˜›’’Žœǰȱ ’—ȱ ‘’œȱ  ˜›”ǰȱ
ȱ ‹ŠŒ”›˜ž—ȱ œŽȱ ‘Ž–ȱ Š™Š›ȱ ›˜–ȱ ‘Žȱ ›Žœȱ ˜ȱ –Š’—œ›ŽŠ–ȱ
ȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȏȱ
ȱ Ž—Ÿ’›˜—–Ž—ȱ ’—•žŽ—ŒŽœȱ Š—ȱ ŠŽŒœȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ  Š¢œȱ ˜ȱ •’Ÿ’—ǰȱ
ȱ œ˜Œ’Š•ȱ ›Ž•Š’˜—œǰȱ Œžœ˜–œȱ Š—ȱ ’—Ž›™›ŽŠ’˜—œȱ ˜ȱ ŽŸŽ—œǯȱȱ
˜››Žœ™˜—’—ȱŠž‘˜›DZȱ¢–’Šȱ’–Ž—Ž•ȱ’–‹ž•Š—ǰȱ›
ȱ
Ž™Š›–Ž—ȱ˜ȱŽ‘ŠŸ’˜›Š•ȱŒ’Ž—ŒŽœȱ
˜••ŽŽȱ˜ȱ›œȱŠ—ȱŒ’Ž—ŒŽœȱ
—’ŸŽ›œ’¢ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ‘’•’™™’—ŽœȱŠ—’•Šȱȱ
1000 Philippines
Š›ŽȱŠž›Šȱǯǰȱ›–’ŠǰȱŠ—’•Šǰȱ‘’•’™™’—ŽœȱŗŖŖŖȱ
Ž•Ž™‘˜—ŽDZȱƸŜřŘȱśŘśŚşŞŖȱȱ•˜ŒŠ•ȱŗŖŞȱ
Š¡ȱ˜DZȱƸŜřŘȱśŘŜśŞŜŘȱ
ŽŠ•‘ȱ ‹Ž•’Žœǰȱ Œ˜—ŒŽ™œȱ Š—ȱ ™›ŠŒ’ŒŽœȱ ˜ȱ œȱ Š›Žȱ
–Š’•DZȱ—¢–’ŠŘřȓ¢Š‘˜˜ǯŒ˜–
ž¢ȱ ˜—ȱ ‘Žȱ ›˜‹•Ž–ȱ ˜ȱ ’œŒ›’–’—Š’˜—ȱ ŠŠ’—œȱ —’Ž—˜žœȱ
˜™ž•Š’˜—œȱǻŗşŞŜǼǰȱ˜ȱ ’DZȱ
—’Ž—˜žœȱŒ˜––ž—’’Žœǰȱ™Ž˜™•ŽœȱŠ—ȱ—Š’˜—œȱŠ›Žȱ
‘˜œŽȱ  ‘’Œ‘ǰȱ ‘ŠŸ’—ȱ Šȱ ‘’œ˜›’ŒŠ•ȱ Œ˜—’—ž’¢ȱ  ’‘ȱ
™›ŽȬ’—ŸŠœ’˜—ȱ Š—ȱ ™›ŽȬŒ˜•˜—’Š•ȱ œ˜Œ’Ž’Žœȱ ‘Šȱ
ŽŸŽ•˜™Žȱ˜—ȱ‘Ž’›ȱŽ››’˜›’ŽœǰȱŒ˜—œ’Ž›ȱ‘Ž–œŽ•ŸŽœȱ
’œ’—Œȱ ›˜–ȱ ˜‘Ž›ȱ œŽŒ˜›œȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ œ˜Œ’Ž’Žœȱ —˜ ȱ
™›ŽŸŠ’•’—ȱ ˜—ȱ ‘˜œŽȱ Ž››’˜›’Žœǰȱ ˜›ȱ ™Š›œȱ ˜ȱ ‘Ž–ǯȱ
‘Ž¢ȱ ˜›–ȱ Šȱ ™›ŽœŽ—ȱ —˜—Ȭ˜–’—Š—ȱ œŽŒ˜›œȱ ˜ȱ
œ˜Œ’Ž¢ȱ Š—ȱ Š›Žȱ ŽŽ›–’—Žȱ ˜ȱ ™›ŽœŽ›ŸŽǰȱ ŽŸŽ•˜™ȱ
Š—ȱ›Š—œ–’ȱ˜ȱžž›ŽȱŽ—Ž›Š’˜—œȱ‘Ž’›ȱŠ—ŒŽœ›Š•ȱ
Ž››’˜›’ŽœǰȱŠ—ȱ‘Ž’›ȱŽ‘—’Œȱ’Ž—’¢ǰȱŠœȱ‘Žȱ‹Šœ’œȱ
˜ȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ Œ˜—’—žŽȱ Ž¡’œŽ—ŒŽȱ Šœȱ ™Ž˜™•Žœǰȱ ’—ȱ
ŠŒŒ˜›Š—ŒŽȱ  ’‘ȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ ˜ —ȱ Œž•ž›Š•ȱ ™ŠŽ›—œǰȱ
œ˜Œ’Š•ȱ’—œ’ž’˜—œȱŠ—ȱ•ŽŠ•ȱœ¢œŽ–ǯŗȱ
ȱ
—ȱ‘Žȱ‘’•’™™’—Žȱ—’Ž—˜žœȱŽ˜™•Žœȱ’‘œȱŒȱ˜ȱŗşşŝǰȱ
œȱŠ›Žȱ›ŽŽ››Žȱ˜ȱŠœDZȱȱ
ȃŠȱ ›˜ž™ȱ ˜ȱ ™Ž˜™•Žȱ ˜›ȱ ‘˜–˜Ž—˜žœȱ œ˜Œ’Ž’Žœȱ
’Ž—’’Žȱ ‹¢ȱ œŽ•ȬŠœŒ›’™’˜—ȱ Š—ȱ ŠœŒ›’™’˜—ȱ ‹¢ȱ
˜‘Ž›ǽœ’ŒǾǰȱ  ‘˜ȱ ‘ŠŸŽȱ Œ˜—’—ž˜žœ•¢ȱ •’ŸŽȱ Šœȱ
˜›Š—’£Žȱ Œ˜––ž—’¢ȱ ˜—ȱ Œ˜––ž—Š••¢ȱ ‹˜ž—Žȱ
Š—ȱ Ž’—Žȱ Ž››’˜›¢ǰȱ Š—ȱ  ‘˜ȱ ‘ŠŸŽǰȱ ž—Ž›ȱ
Œ•Š’–œȱ ˜ȱ ˜ —Ž›œ‘’™ȱ œ’—ŒŽȱ ’–Žȱ ’––Ž–˜›’Š•ǰȱ
˜ŒŒž™’Žǰȱ™˜œœŽœœŽȱ Œžœ˜–œǰȱ›Š’’˜—ȱŠ—ȱ˜‘Ž›ȱ
›Žœ’œŠ—ŒŽȱ˜ȱ™˜•’’ŒŠ•ǰȱœ˜Œ’Š•ȱŠ—ȱŒž•ž›Š•ȱ’—›˜Šœȱ
˜ȱ Œ˜•˜—’£Š’˜—ǰȱ —˜—Ȭ’—’Ž—˜žœȱ ›Ž•’’˜—œȱ Š—ȱ
Œž•ž›Žǰȱ ‹ŽŒŠ–Žȱ ǽœ’ŒǾȱ ‘’œ˜›’ŒŠ••¢ȱ ’Ž›Ž—’ŠŽȱ
›˜–ȱ‘Žȱ–Š“˜›’¢ȱ˜ȱ’•’™’—˜œǰȄȱŘȱȱ
ȱ
–™•’Œ’ȱ ’—ȱ ‹˜‘ȱ ŽœŒ›’™’˜—œȱ ˜ȱ œȱ Š›Žȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ ‹Ž’—ȱ Šȱ
’œ’—Œȱ Œ˜••ŽŒ’ŸŽȱ  ‘˜œŽȱ ‘’œ˜›’ŒŠ•ȱ Ž¡™Ž›’Ž—ŒŽȱ Š—ȱ Œž•ž›Š•ȱ
œ˜Œ’Ž¢ǯȱ‘Ž’›ȱŒ•˜œŽȱŠŠŒ‘–Ž—ȱ˜ȱ‘Ž’›ȱ•Š—ȱŠ—ȱ‘Žȱ—Šž›Š•ȱ
˜›Ž˜ŸŽ›ǰȱ‘Ž’›ȱ›Ž•Š’˜—œ‘’™ȱŠ—ȱ’—Ž›ŠŒ’˜—ȱ ’‘ȱ‘ŽȱŸŠ›’˜žœȱ
˜›ŒŽœȱ ˜ȱ —Šž›Žǰȱ –˜œȱ Žœ™ŽŒ’Š••¢ȱ‘Ž’›ȱ Š—ŒŽœ›Š•ȱ•Š—ǰȱœ‘Š™Žȱ
Š—ȱ ›ŽȬœ‘Š™Žȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ  ˜›•Ÿ’Ž œȱ Š—ȱ ™Ž›ŒŽ™’˜—œǰȱ
Œ˜—œŽšžŽ—•¢ȱ‘Ž’›ȱ‹Ž‘ŠŸ’˜›ǯȱ
Œ˜–™˜—Ž—œȱ ˜ȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ œ˜Œ’Š•ȱ •’Žȱ ‘Šȱ Š›Žȱ Œ•˜œŽ•¢ȱ ’Žȱ ˜ȱ ‘Ž’›ȱ

VOL. 45 NO. 2 2011 ACTA MEDICA PHILIPPINA 37

Health Perceptions and Practices of Lumads in Southern Philippines



  
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