Worksheet “Particle Theory”

1. Please explain the 3 main points of Particle Theory!

The five main ideas of the particle theory of matter are
a. All matter is made up of tiny particles that have empty
spaces between them.
b. Different substances are made up of different kinds of
particles.
c. The particles of a substance move faster as its temperature increases.
d. Particles attract each other.
e. Particles are in constant random motion.

2. According to the Particle Theory, how do solids turn into liquid and liquid turn into

gas?

The particles of a solid turn into liquid when heat penetrates, breaking down the
particles and making them farther from one to another. The particles have less power
to get attached and move more freely. It makes the matter unable to keep the shape
fixed.
3. Please draw the diagram describing the changes of the matter!

4. How does global warming increase the sea level? Explain in terms of particle theory!

The heat trapped on the earth caused by human activities such as fossil fuels
burning and industrial activities makes all particles of water in the form of ice, located
in cold regions, move farther and is turned into liquid. The melted ice flows into the
sea and causes the sea level to increase rapidly. This situation might lead to
disasters such as floods and tsunamis.
5. Talking about the changing state of matter, eggs seem to do the opposite. When

heated, the eggs turn into solid. How is it possible? Explain!

When it is heated the runny yolk and white (albumen – which is the major source of
protein) turn solid. The proteins in the egg start to thicken, a process known as
coagulation. Egg whites coagulate at 60°C, and egg yolks at 65°C, with full
coagulation occurring at 70°C.
6. Please draw the structure of solid, liquid and gas and explain the characteristics of

each matter!

- The particles in a solid are attached with a strong bond. The particles are
unable to move freely. Particles can only vibrate in their place.
- The particles in a liquid are arranged with a little gap which enables the
particles to move more freely than in solids. It causes the matters don’t have
any fixed shapes.
- The particles in a gas are arranged with big gaps which enables the particles
to move freely and at a greater speed than in solids and liquids. It makes the
gas unable to keep its shape and volume in a particular container.
7. Please explain the process of rain in terms of changing the state of matter!

Water gathering in the sea, river, and lakes evaporates into water vapor, then they
condense and turn into clouds. At a certain temperature, they precipitate back to the
earth in the form of water droplets or snow.

8. How does the ice cube rain occur? Explain!

Freezing rain develops as falling snow encounters a layer of warm air deep enough
for the snow to completely melt and become rain. As the rain continues to fall, it
passes through a thin layer of cold air just above the surface and cools to a
temperature below freezing.