Greenhouses are essential structures for plant cultivation, providing a controlled environment that

enables crops to grow throughout the year. However, maintaining optimal temperature and humidity
levels in a greenhouse is crucial to the success of a crop, and can be challenging and time-consuming for
farmers. Base on the research conducted by Angeliki Kavga. Et. Al. (2021) The article explains how
automated greenhouse technology can benefit farmers by improving the efficiency and productivity of
their operations. By using sensors, monitoring systems, and automated control systems, farmers can
optimize the growing conditions for their plants, reduce labor costs, and increase yields. This can lead to
higher profits for farmers and a more stable food supply for consumers. Automation of greenhouse
operations through Internet of Things (IoT) technology has become increasingly popular in recent years,
offering farmers an efficient and reliable way to monitor and control their crops.

One critical aspect of greenhouse management is temperature control. Fluctuations in temperature can
negatively impact plant growth and development, making it necessary to maintain a consistent and
optimal temperature range. According to Carlos González-Amarillo. Et. Al. (2017) The study's author
explores ways to control the conditions inside a greenhouse. The model enables adjustments to be
made to factors such as brightness, humidity, warmth, and water usage. Using a watering system or
temperature control, the system can automatically regulate the environment within the greenhouse.
The model also includes the ability to compute water usage, plant growth patterns, and the timing of
product harvesting. Additionally, the system outlines a basic approach for tracking agricultural products
from the seed stage to the final product. By utilizing an IoT platform, this greenhouse design facilitates
the examination of species behavior in Colombian local agriculture. A solar-powered IoT-based
greenhouse automated roof system has been developed to address this issue. This system employs a
combination of sensors, microcontrollers, and actuators to adjust the roof position and regulate the
internal temperature of the greenhouse.

Additionally, irrigation is another crucial factor in plant cultivation, especially in areas with limited water
resources. The same solar-powered IoT-based greenhouse automated system can be equipped with a
watering system to automate the watering process based on moisture levels in the soil. The system can
be programmed to water the plants at specific intervals and amounts, ensuring that the plants receive
the appropriate amount of water.

The review will provide an overview of the components and technologies used in these systems, the
benefits and challenges associated with their implementation, and their potential impact on agricultural
practices. Ultimately, this review aims to provide insights into the current state of research and identify
areas for future development and improvement in this field.