No of moles of 1 mole of

e
given by
substance a reaction can be
a
during
called as its nfactor

Ex i Acids no of replaceable Ht

2 Bases no of replacable EH
Total charge on all Cations
3 Salts
on
or
magnitude of charge
all anions

oxidation
given 1accepted
4 no of e

Reduction per 1 mole

molecule involved in the

Ht of atom

1 mole of e Equivalent kit

transfer of
Kit
No of equivalents GEIN
 Z z
0
2M
Ex i
2Mg
t Oz go
2
a ZI
Ago Mg
ZE
2,48
GMH
ie
GEN 12g I
no of moles of e
given by
mole of Mg refactor of Mg

2
b 4e 20
t Oz

yes 328 Guld

GEN
I e
32T 8g
no of moles of e accepted by
1 mole of 02 A factor of 02

Hence GEki GHf

no of equivalents gttet fg.tt

NORMALITY N
xn Xmoes
ne9 hmdesx

solute dissolved
No of equivalents of a

in 1 bit of solution

N hey
soln El

N NEI X 1000

so In Cml

N htt tooo
me
G

M xw
G MH Xml

M Mxnfact
LAW OF EQUIVALENTS

The no of equivalents of all the compounds

involved in a
simple redox reaction will

be the same

Mnt
1 5 Fe Mnt 5Fe

I 5 I
5
Nmoles
5
5 l
I
h factor

beg 15555 5

Fe I Fet ie

Mnt Mnt
5e t

neg n moles X ht

3 4 f3
6
2 12042 foz t
18203
CIO
oxalate
 b 3 14 13
1 Cr
z
3
z
f c for

3 6 I
Nmoles I

Z
b b
ng
6 6 6
6
neg
3
crib a z

3
Ect EE
314
2Hn
2
K
2
Stb
3 2 gynt s
CUES
2 2 Z I
moles 1

nf 10 5 5 I 8

near
to go
120 802 1

5 cut 1st toe

cut z

J
C
 12

SE
Mnt Mn
2

QUESTIONS
is neutralized by
1 Equal Height of
c
NaOH

100mL solutions of Hz Sog and Hd

two

What is the ratio of their molarities

42504 Act

Hz Soc NaOH neg 2504 negganm

NaOH
HCl t NaOH 7 neg Hcl neg

neat n
I
Tf

GHIA

Nea Hcl
neg Hz Sog
H M x
g µ so lls cd
 x M 4
Mint x ht Hcl
Hzsoy

MHzsoy 2 I
Had I 100ft

HH2504 I
Z
H Hd

Volumes of 0.1M solnsot

2 What is the ratio of

k required to completely
KMnoc and Crzoy

oxidize 100Mt 0.114 Naz 204

assume the medium to be acidic

a KMn04

Mn oj Mn Ita
5 nf 2
Nf
2

Nea Mnt neg cz04

Mx nb 4
qoj2
x Mint x
anti
20
0 1 5 11 Vi x 2 Alto

40mL
KMnoy

b Kz Crzoy
3
6 CO2
052 Cao42
Cr 203
CI
6 2
nf nf
x x 2
M x nf 204
H x nf XV
crzoj2
3
100
x xxx
Xxxx
C 40mL
2 too ml
cryo 3

kzerzo is an efficient oxidising agent

in acidic medium than KMn04 to
 the volume of 0.1M KMn04 in Ht
3 Calculate

required for complete oxidation of

a 100mL O 5 M Feo

b 100mL 0.1 H Fe Cz 04

12 3
A Fe Fe e

Nf 2

Mn Mn
ge
nf 5

2 neg Feo
neg K17h04

1 100
5 11 0 5
04
100mL
me
2 Z
b Fe C 204 Fe Cz 04

ferrous oxalate
 12
Fe Fet's e

3 z 4
2C 2E
204

35
Fe c 04
3
Nf

neg Feczoy
neg KMnog
3 100
0 1 5 XY of

60mL
time

NOTE Neal 424

neg Kel
heart
KI t dz µg
Iz t Kal
nf 2

µ
54062
cl
42 t 52032

neg 42 r
 2cL 42 2E
In rxn
2
nf

In ran 2 Cl
ZE dz
Nf 2

in an
im ran neg clz
neg Elz
same
as nfactor
is remaining

CaIIi
Ht 42
o
E.cn n

Kl
Kl xntd
xntc.is GMM
HH 71g I
71g le
be lame
Nb 42 need not
in both reactions

nb dep on no of e transferred in a
given
 reaction per mole of 42

Hence to equate nea of alz in an

and ran ht actors must match

5 o
2
I 05 2

neg neg a eat

02 Iz I

nea

81in O
g
l OE t 2 I Iz
5 to
nf nf
a area W r t n f e lo
eq

ran L
2
2E t II
24591 tag egg
 t

As the nf of Iz is different we

the neg of I in rxn and

can't equate

Teg into
A
constant to

GMHIc
constant in
Hence nmoles of Iz remains

ran and

neg n int
1
Constant

Neal constant
 It
i

I 8xn

rxn

9
Iz n

QUESTIONS

l D Br 0 3r2
neg

Bro Br
it Byz

Ean
 4
Mnt Mnt
2 Hn

I
neg a eat
6
4 Mn
Mn
nea