BEE LAB OBSERVATION

EXPERIMENT-4
SPEED CONTROL OF D.C. SHUNT MOTOR

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SPEED CONTROL OF D.C. SHUNT MOTOR:

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EXPT NO: 4 DATE:

SPEED CONTROL OF D.C. SHUNT MOTOR

AIM: To control the speed of the D.C. Shunt Motor by means of Field and Armature control
methods and to draw their corresponding speed characteristics.
APPARATUS REQUIRED

S.No Name of the Type Range Qty.

Equipment
1 Ammeter M.C 0–2A 1No.
2 Voltmeter M.C 0 – 300V 1No.
3 Rheostat Wire 50 Ω/ 5A 1No.
wound
4 Rheostat Wire 360 Ω/ 1.2A 1No.
wound
5. Tachometer Digital 0 – 10,000 1No
rpm
6. Connecting wires - - -.

THEORY:
In Shunt Motor, as speed is inversely proportional to flux, speed can be increased by
decreasing the flux, hence the name flux control method, the speed of a D.C Motor can be changed
by changing I sh is relatively small, shunt field current rheostat has to carry a small current which
measures I2 R losses which is small. So that rheostat is small in size. This method is thereby very
efficient. In interpose machine the speed can be Increased in ratio 6: 1. In interpose machine it
can be adjusted in 2: 1 ratio. Armature control method is used when speed is below rated speed.
As supply voltage is normally constant the voltage across the armature is constant the voltage
across the armature is varied by inserting a variable rheostat at a resistance in series with armature
as controller resistance is increased the potential difference across the armature is decreased
thereby decreasing the armature speed.

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TABULATION:

FLUX CONTROL METHOD: ARMATURE CONTROL METHOD:

S.No Speed in Field current S.No Speed in Back emf Eb

RPM in Amperes RPM in Volts
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6

MODEL GRAPHS:

FLUX CONTROL METHOD: ARMATURE CONTROL METHOD:

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PROCEDURE:

1.ARMATURE CONTROL METHOD:

1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram
2. Apply 220V DC supply to the motor by closing DPST switch.
3. Start the motor with the help of 3 –point starter.
4. Check the speed of the motor by using tachometer and adjust the motor to it rated value(1500rpm) by varying
armature rheostat (from max to min), field rheostat from min to max, note down the speed and voltage value
5. By keeping the field current as constant, reduce the armature rheostat(1450rpm) note down the corresponding
armature voltage.
6. Repeat the steps for different speeds like 1400rpm ,1350rpm,1300rpm etc and tabulate the readings

2.FIELD CONTROL METHOD:

1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram
2. Apply 220V DC supply to the motor by closing DPST switch
3. Start the motor with the help of 3 –point starter
4. Check the speed of the motor by using tachometer and adjust the motor to it rated value (1500rpm) by varying
armature rheostat (from max to min), field rheostat from min to max Note down the speed and field current.
5. By keeping the armature voltage and constant value, adjust the field rheostat such a way that speed is increased
to 1550rpm and note down the corresponding field current.
6. Repeat the steps for different speeds like 1600rpm, 1650 rpm, 1700rpm, 1750rpm, etc and tabulate the readings.

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Connections should be tight.
2. Take the readings without parallax error.
3. Fuses should be properly rated.
4. The operation of the 3 –Point starter should be slow and uniform.
5. Armature rheostat should be connected in maximum position initially.
6. Field rheostat should be minimum resistance position.

RESULT:
Hence, Speed Control of the D.C. Shunt Motor by means of Field and Armature control methods are done
and plotted their corresponding speed characteristics.

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