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वैदिक काल
ॐ सवेशाां स्वदस्िर्भवि ॐ र्िः ॐ र्विः ॐ स्विः
सवेशाां शादतिर्भवि ॐ महिः ॐ जनिः ॐ िपिः ॐ सत्यम्
सवेशाां पर्णंर्वि ॐ ित्सदविवभरेण्यां र्गो िेवस्य महमदह
सवेशाां मङ्गलांर्वि दमयो यो निः प्रचोियाि्
ॐ शादतििः शादतििः शादतििः
ॐ असिो मा सद्गमय
िमसो मा ज्योदिगभमय
मत्ृ योर् माऽमिृ ां गमय
ॐ शादतििः शादतििः शादतििः
• The Vedas are called "Apaurusheya" (not created by man) and "Nitya"
(existing in all eternity) while the Rishis are known as inspired seers who
received the mantras from the Supreme deity.
• वेिों को "अपौरुषेय" (मनष्य द्वारा दनदमभि नहीं) और "दनत्य" (सर्ह अनांि काल में
दवद्यमान) कहा जािा है, जबदक ऋदषयों को प्रेररि सिां ों के रूप में जाना जािा है दजतहोंने
सवोच्च िेविा से मांत्र प्राप्त दकए
• The Aryans :
• Typically, the age of Aryans is known as the Vedic age because the four
major Vedas were created in this time.
• The word Aryan is derived from the Sanskrit word “Arya” which
means noble, not ordinary.
• आमिौर पर, आयों के यग को वैदिक यग के रूप में जाना जािा है क्योंदक इस समय में
चार प्रमख वेिों का दनमाभर्ण दकया गया था
• आयभन शब्ि सस्ां कृि के "आयभ" शब्ि से बना है दजसका अथभ है कलहन, सामारर्ण नहीं
• The Aryans :
• They arrived from russian steppes, as is believed and agreed to by
majority historians.
• But various scholars voice different opinion about thier origin. Bal
Gangadhar Tilak argued that Aryans came from the Arctic region
following their astronomical calculations.
• जैसा दक बहुसख् ां यक इदिहासकारों द्वारा माना और माना जािा है, वे रूसह मैिानों से
आए थे
• लेदकन दवदर्तन दवद्वानों ने इसकी उत्पदि के बारे में अलग-अलग मि व्यक्त दकए हैं
बाल गांगामर दिलक ने िकभ दिया दक आयभ अपनह खगोलहय गर्णना के बाि आकभ दिक
क्षेत्र से आए थे
• The Aryans :
• It is generally agreed that they spoke Indo-Aryan Language, Sanskrit.
• They were semi-nomadic, pastoral people, who led a rural life as
compared to the urban Harappans.
• Four major Vedas constitute the vedic literature. They are : Rig Veda,
Yajur Veda, Sam Veda, and Atharva Veda.
• चार प्रमख वेि वैदिक सादहत्य का दनमाभर्ण करिे हैं वे हैं : ऋग्वेि, यजवेि, सामवेि और
अथवभवेि
• Rig Veda / ऋग्वेि :
• It is composed of 10 Mandals :
• यह 10 मांडलों से बना है :
• It is collection of songs, music, and dance forms and its context is mainly
derived from Rigveda.
• यह गहि, सगां हि और नत्ृ य रूपों का सग्रां ह है और इसका सिां र्भ मख्य रूप से ऋग्वेि से
दलया गया है
• Chhandogya and Kena Upnishads are embedded in it.
• छाांिोग्य और के न उपदनषि इसमें सदतनदहि हैं
• It is categorised into two parts :
• Gana / गर्ण
• Archika / अदचभका
• Yajur Veda / यजवेि :
• Rig Veda shares its contents with Avesta, the oldest Iranian
text, including the names of various gods and some social
classes.
• ऋग्वेद अपनी सामग्री अवेस्ता के साथ साझा करता है , सबसे पुराना
ईरानी पाठ, जिसमें ववभिन्न दे वताओं और कुछ सामाजिक वर्गों के
नाम शाभमल हैं।
वैददक काल के फकस कालखंड को पें टड ग्रे वेयर (पी.डब्लल्य.ू िी.) के नाम से िाना िाता है ?
A. उत्तर वैददक काल
B. ऋग्वैददक काल
C. यिुवदै दक काल
D. अथवववैददक काल
Q. The “Gayatri Mantra” is taken from which book?
A. Upanishad
B. Bhagwat Geeta
C. Rig veda
D. Yajur veda
ननम्नभलखखत में से फकस नदी को वैददक काल में पुरुषनी के नाम से िाना िाता था?
A. धचनाब
B. रावी
C. सतलि
D. व्यास
Q. On which river “the battle of ten kings” was fought?
A. Sutlej
B. Ravi
C. Ganga
D. Narmada
• ऋग्वैददक आयों ने पथ् ृ वी, अजग्न, वाय,ु वषाव और वज्र िैसी प्राकृनतक
शजक्तयों को कई दे वताओं में बदलकर उनकी पि ू ा की।
• कुछ महत्वपण ू व ऋर्ग वैददक दे वता : पथ्
ृ वी (पथ्
ृ वी), अजग्न (अजग्न),
वायु (पवन), वरुण (वषाव) और इंद्र (र्गरि)। तथा 'इन्द्र' सवावधधक
लोकवप्रय हुए। अर्गले 'अजग्न’ हुए - दे वताओं और लोर्गों के बीच एक
मध्यस्थ दे वता थे।
RELIGION IN VEDIC CIVILIZATION
A. Rig veda
B. Sama veda
C. Yajur veda
D. Atharva veda
A. ऋग्वेद
B. साम वेद
C. यिवु ेद
D. अथवववेद
• Of the four vedas the Rig vedas is the Oldest text in the
world.
• It is also known as “The first testament of Mankind”.
• The Rig Veda contains 1028 Hymns and 10,580 verses,
divided into 10 mandalas.
• Six Mandalas (2nd to 7th) are called Gotra/vamsha
Mandalas(Kula Granth). The 1st and 10th mandalas are
said to have been added later.
A. Upanishad
B. Bhagwat Geeta
C. Rig veda
D. Yajur veda
• The Gayatri Mantra also Known as Savitri Mantra is highly
revered mantra from the Rig Veda, dedicated to Savitri.
A. Rig Veda
B. Atharva Veda
C. Samaveda
D. Yajur Veda
• The Atharva Veda Deals With the Science of Medicine.
A. Prajapati
B. Vishnu
C. Krishna
D. Indra
• About a quarter of the Rig Veda is addressed to Indra.
There is hardly any hymn where Indra has not been
celebrated. Even in the Soma Mandala, Indra has been
called out as the Greatest Somapa (Drinker of Soma).
A. Hakra-Ghaggar river
B. Saraswati river
C. Rann of Kutch river
D. Sutlej river
• Saraswati-Sindhu civilisation as most of the sites have
been found at the Hakra-Ghaggar river. The Ghaggar-
Hakra River is a seasonal river in India and Pakistan that
flows only during the monsoon season.
A. Sutlej
B. Ravi
C. Ganga
D. Narmada
• On Ravi River “The Battle of Ten Kings” was fought. The
Battle of the Ten Kings is a battle alluded to in the Rigveda
(Book 7, hymns 18, 33 and 83.4–8), the ancient Indian
sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns. The battle took
place during the middle or main Rigveda period, near the
Ravi River in Punjab.
Q. Which Vedic period is known as Painted Grey Ware (PWG)?
• A Society divided into Varnas and Indra and Agni lost their
importance and Prajapati became the supreme deity.
Q. Which Veda is known as ‘Book of Chants’?
A. Yajurveda
B. Samaveda
C. Atharvaveda
D. Rigveda
ननम्नभलखखत में से कौन प्राचीन िारत में रािाओं द्वारा अपनी जस्थनत स्थावपत करने के भलए फकया
िाने वाला एक प्रकार का बभलदान नहीं था?
A. रािसूय B. अश्वमेध
C. मवु ेन्दे वेलन D. वािपेय
Q. Which is also known as “The first testament of Mankind”?
A. Rig veda
B. Sama veda
C. Yajur veda
D. Atharva veda
वैददक काल के समय में फकसे पौधों के िर्गवान के रूप में माना िाता था ?
A. र्गें डा
B. सोमा
C. इंद्र
D. कृष्ट्णा
Q. Who wrote the 4 Vedas?
A. Vyas
B. Balmiki
C. Panini
D. Charak