ORAL COMMUNICATION
Lesson 1 – 5 | ABM-1 | A.Y 2022 – 2023 | SEM 1
What is a Communication
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
WHAT IS COMMUNICATION
 According Towood (2004), communication is a
process in which trough symbols to create and
interpret meanings.
1. COMMUNICATION IS A PROCESS
 it is a process of sharing and conveying
messaged information from one person to
another.
2. COMMUNICATION IS SYSTEMATIC
 occurs within system of interrelated and
interacting parts
3. COMMUNICATION IS SYMBOLIC
 symbols, verbal or non-verbal are the basis of
language
4. COMMUNICATION INVOLVE MEANING
 meaning are assigned, given, or invented
NATURES OF COMMUNICATION
1. Speaker
 the source of Information or message
2. Message
 the information, ideas, or thoughts, conveyed the
speaker in word or in actions
3. Encoding
 the process of converting the message into
words, action or other forms that the speaker
understands
4. Channel
 the medium or the means, can be personal non-
personal, verbal or non-verbal
5. Decoding
 the process if interpreting the encoded message
of the speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver
 the recipient of the message
7. Feedback
 information provided by the receiver
8. Context
the environment where communication takes place
- occurs between 2 or more people speaker and receiver)
- written or spoken words, actions (nonverbal) or both
spoken words and non-verbal actions
MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
1. LINEAR MODEL
 one way model of communication
 there is no concept of feedback
 creating an idea so like a messageto an audience
Aristotle's model:
 first model of communication and is considered
very simple and straightforward
 mainly speaker centered model
 there is no concept of communication failure
like noise and barriers
Shannon and Weaver model
 the most well-known and influential formal
model of communication
 known as the "mother of all communication
models"
 more technological than another linear model
Berlo’s SMCR model
 the acronym stands for, sender, message,
channel, and receiver
 used as an analysis tool for evaluating the
communication process and components
2. INTERACTIONAL MODEL
 two-way communication
 used for new media like the internet
 there is feedback
 •known as convergence model
Schramm's model
 added the "field of experience "which is based
on beliefs, values, and learned meanings
 two-way process where both senders and
receiver takes turn to send and receive a message
3. TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
 sender and receivers interchange roles
 simultaneous feedback content of environment
noise current view of communication Process
Barlund's model
 multi- layered feedback system - very complex
Helical model
ORAL COMMUNICATION
Lesson 1 – 5 | ABM-1 | A.Y 2022 – 2023 | SEM 1
 communication progresses with age as our
experienced and vocabulary increase
Becker's Mosaic Model
 explains the transaction between one bit
information into the other
 shows how complicated and complex human
communication is

VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

1. VERBAL COMMUNICATION
 Encompasses any form of communication
involving words, spoken, written or signed.
 the most important aspect is the language
 the person's language must be understood
2. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
 includes an extensive scope of concepts we
transmit without the use of words
 body movements (gestures, rate volume)
 sound of voice
 physical appearance

FUNCTION OF COMMUNICATIO

1. It refers to how humans use language for different

purposes.
2. It is necessary to determine the functions of
communication
so people can use them at the right time, place, and
situation

1. CONTROL:
 Communication functions to control behavior. It
is also utilized to regulate the nature and
number of activities that people engage in.

2. MOTIVATION:
 This is used to power up preferences, desires,
needs, wants, decisions, goals, and strengths

3. SOCIAL INTERACTION:
 Communication allows individuals to make
social relationships. This is also used tom form
bonds, intimacy, relations, and connections with
others.

4. EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION:
 Communication facilitates people’s expression
of their feelings and emotions.