Engineering Graphics

SECTIONED DRAWING/VIEW

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 Sectioned Drawings/Views
 Definition
A multiview technical drawing that reveals details about
internal features by displaying the part as if cut by an imaginary
cutting plane

A sectional view is used to expose the internal features of an

object.

 Since the sectioned drawing shows internal features there is

generally no need to show hidden lines

 Especially helpful for assembly drawings

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 Sectioned Drawings/Views
Objectives
 To demonstrate the use of section views which show
internal features of objects that are not easily
understood in standard multiview drawings

 To be able to generate section views

 To make the drawing more understandable,

especially the internal details of the part

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 Outline

 Cutting Plane
 Section Lines
 Types of Section Drawings
 Example (class work)

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 The Cutting Plane

 An imaginary plane that

defines where the object
is cut
 Shown in drawing
adjacent to the sectioned
drawing
 Arrows at the end of the
cutting plane line indicate
the direction of view for
the sectioned drawing.
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 The arrows point toward
the part of the object that
is visible in the sectioned
drawing.
 A sectioned drawing
follows the general rules
of any view in a multiview
drawing
 The Cutting Plane
 Cutting planes may be
labeled at their endpoints if
multiple cutting plane lines
are used
 When using multiple cutting
planes each sectioned
drawing is drawn as if the
other cutting plane lines do
not exist
 The cutting plane line takes
precedence over center lines
 Occasionally cutting plane
lines are not shown when
their location is obvious
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 Section Lines
 Section lines are drawn where the
object passes through the cutting
plane
 If a saw was used to cut the part
then section lines represent the
cutting marks left by the saw blade
 Different materials may be
represented by the use of different
section line types
 The general section line type which
may be used for any material is the
line type for iron

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 Section Lines
 Section lines should not be parallel or
perpendicular to object lines
 Section lines are generally drawn at 45
degrees unless this conflicts with other
rules
 Section lines should be oriented at
different angles for separate parts
 Occasionally section lines are only drawn
on the perimeter of large areas
 Section lines are not used for thin parts
rather they are filled in solid (Do not use
closely spaced section lines)

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 Section Lines
 Materials – Common
materials
 The symbol for cast iron can
be used for most section
views.
 Refer to any drafting text for
additional symbols.

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 Section Lines Cont.
 Section lines or hatch patterns are
standardized in many disciplines.

 The adjacent chart shows

the most common material
types and associated hatch patterns.

 Care must be taken to avoid hatch

pattern angles similar to those of the
drawn object as seen (adjacent
chart)

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Section Drawing Types
Full Section
Half Section
Assembly Section
Offset Section
Broken-Out Section
Revolved Section
Removed Section
Special Section Conventions

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 Full Section
 The cutting plane passes completely through
the part as a single flat plane

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 Half Section
 The cutting plane only passes half way
through the part
 The other half is drawn as usual
 Hidden lines are not shown on either half
of the part
 A center line is used to separate the two
halves
 Mostly used on cylindrical parts

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 Assembly Section

 Shows how parts fit together

 Different parts have different
section line orientation
 Different materials use different
section line types
 Standard parts (shafts, pins,
dowels, rivets, screws, washers,
gears, etc.) are not sectioned

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 Assembly Section

 Cut each part of the

assembly and section each
part with the appropriate
section line type
 Put the parts together in
their assembled position

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 Assembly Section
 The shaft is not sectioned
because it is a standard part
and section lines would
provide no additional
information
 The other two part are made
from the same material
 The orientation of section
lines clearly shows the
location of the different parts

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 Assembly Section
The top and bottom mating
part are made from different
materials in the part
A center line is added to the
shaft to show that it is a
circular feature

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 Offset Section

 The internal features

of many part can not
be shown using a
single straight cut to
create the sectioned
drawing

 An offset section is
used for such parts

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 Offset Section

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 Offset Section
 The multiview drawing
is often difficult to
interpret when there
are several hidden
features on the object
 Look at the Fig. on the
L.H.S and try to picture
the drawing in your
mind
 A sectioned view
makes the object much
easier to understand

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 Offset Section

 An offset section allows the cutting plane to pass

through all of the internal features

 There may be several bends in the cutting plane

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 Offset Section
The actual part would show a new visible line at
the bend in the cutting plane
Since the cutting plane bend is arbitrary, do not
show the line representing this bend in the
sectioned drawing

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 Offset Section

 The sectioned view does

not show the bend in
the cutting plane
 Hidden lines are not
shown
 Be sure to include object
lines that are behind the
cutting plane

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 Broken-Out Section

Only a portion of the view is sectioned

A jagged break line is used to divide the sectioned and

unsectioned portion of the drawing

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 Broken-Out Section

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 Revolved Section
A cross section of the part is revolved 90 degrees and
superimposed on the drawing

A jagged break line may be used to divide the revolved

section from the rest of the drawing

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 Removed Section
 Similar to the revolved section except that the sectioned
drawing is not superimposed on the drawing but placed
adjacent to it
 The view and the cutting plane are labeled (Section A-A)
 The removed section may be drawn at a different scale

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 Special Section Conventions

There are special rules

(conventions) that are
followed to make some parts
more understandable

Some features are rotated to

their true radial position in
sectioned views

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 Special Section Conventions
 The object is difficult to understand using standard
multiview drawings where hidden lines are used to
represent internal features

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 Special Section Conventions
 If the part is sectioned as it would
actually appear if cut the details
of the ribs and holes would not
be clear
 Since the objective is to make the
drawing easy to interpret the
drawing is modified following
standard conventions

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 Special Section Conventions

 The cutting plane shows that the

features are revolved to their true
radial position
 Hidden features are not shown
 The sectioned drawing produced is a
distorted but clearer picture of the
object
 The section drawing appear as a full
section
 The arrows show the direction of the
view

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 Special Section Conventions
 Ribs are not sectioned when the cutting plane passes through
them lengthwise
 Ribs are sectioned if the cutting plane passes through them at
other orientations

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 Special Section
Conventions
 The front view is replaced by a full
section view
 The cutting plane shown in the top
view shows the direction of the
line of sight
 The holes and ribs have been
revolved to their true radial
position
 The ribs are not sectioned in this
orientation
 The section lines are all drawn at
the same angle since the object is
one solid part
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 THANK YOU

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Use free
class work
hand sketch
to draw out
the section
A-A

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