DEVELOPMENTAL

READING
READING PROCESS

Word Recognition

Comprehension

Reaction

Integration
 LEVELS OF COMPREHENSION

1.Literal – information/facts
2.Inferential – processing information
3.Critical – evaluating the information
4.Applied – synthesis and creation
 MODELS OF READING STRATEGIES
1. Bottom-up
- decoding process
- focused on the text
- phonic/sound approach
- book to reader
2. Top Down
- whole language approach
- schema
- from reader to text
- Psycholinguistic guessing game
3. Interactive
- both models are used
- focused interaction
- balanced approach
 KINDS OF READING
1. Skimming – looking for the gist/main idea
2. Scanning – looking for specific information
3. Intensive – reading for information
4. Extensive – pleasure reading
5. Creative – interpretation of text for comprehension
6. Exploratory – how the selection is noted
7. Analytical – identifying word relationships
8. Critical – evaluation of information
9. Developmental – reading progress e.g. CRP
(Comprehensive Reading Program)
 EFFECTIVE COMPREHENSION STRATEGY
1. Vocabulary Preview
2. Guided Reading
3. Reciprocal Questioning
4. SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review)
5. PQ5R (Preview, Question, Read, Record, Recite,
Review, Reflect)
6. Structural Organizers
7. Informational Reading Inventory
 PHASES OF READING DEVELOPMENT
1. Reading Readiness Period (Kindergartens)
- ready to learn how to read
2. Beginning Reading (Grade 1 to 2)
- recognizes words, phrases, and sentences
3. Rapid Growth/Expanding Power (Grade 3 to 6)
- mastered techniques for reading
4. Refinement Period (High school)
- independent note-taking
 LEVELS OF READING
1. Independent Learning (100% accuracy)
- easy reading
- one or less word error out of 100 words
2. Instructional Reading (95% pronunciation accuracy;
80% accuracy)
- best level for learning new vocabulary
- 2 to 5 word errors out of 100
3.Frustration Reading (70% accuracy)
- comprehension on questions is low
- 5 errors per 100 words
GENERAL EDUCATION
 SPANISH TERMS
⸙ Alcalde Mayor – mayor in today’s time
⸙ Gobernadorcillo – municipal judge
⸙ Cabeza de Barangay – chief of a barangay
⸙ Corregidores – administrators of cities and district with both
administrative and judicial powers
POLICIES
⸙ Pueblo – town or village
⸙ Cabeceras - town center or the chief city of a province or district
⸙ Ayuntamiento – town hall
⸙ Reduccion – resettlement
⸙ Polo y Servicio – forced labor of all Filipino males from 16 to 60/66
years of age for 40 days periods.
⸙ Falla – exemption fee
SOCIAL CLASSES
⸙ Peninsulares – full blooded Spaniards born in Europe
⸙ Insulares - full blooded Spaniards born in the
Philippines
⸙ Creoles – mixed-colonial
⸙ Indio
REVOLTS
⸙ Raja Lakandula – first revolt in Tondo, 1574.
⸙ Francisco Dagohoy – longest revolt in Bohol.
⸙ Diego and Gabriela Silang – bloodiest revolt
GOVERNOR-GENERALS

⸙ Miguel Lopez de Legazpi – first Gov. Gen in the

Philippines
⸙ Jose Basco – tobacco monopoly
⸙ Narciso Claveria – use of Spanish surnames
⸙ Carlos Maria Dela Torre – known as the best Gov. Gen
⸙ Rafael de Izquierdo – known as the worst Gov. Gen
⸙ Eulogio Despujol – ordered the arrest of Rizal
⸙ Camilo Polaveja - ordered the execution of Rizal
⸙ Diego De los Rios – last Gov. Gen in the Philippines.
OTHER PROMINENT PEOPLE

⸙ Antonio Pigafetta – Spanish chronicler onboard

⸙ Enrique of Malacca – personal slave
⸙ Ferdinand Magellan – first to plan a successful navigation
⸙ Juan Sebastian Elcano – circumnavigate the world using the
Victoria ship
⸙ Raja Kulambo - blood compact with Magellan
⸙ Raja Sikatuna – blood compact with Legazpi
⸙ Raja Humabon – first baptism
⸙ Lapu-Lapu – first hero
⸙ Raja Soliman – last raja of Manila
AMERICAN PERIOD
MILITARY GOVERNOR GENERALS

⸙ Wesley Meritt – first American Gov. Gen of the country.

⸙ Elwell Otis (Benevolent Assimilation)
⸙ Douglas Arthur McArthur

CIVIL GOVERNOR GENERALS

⸙ William Howard Taft

⸙ Frank B. Harrison
⸙ Leonard Wood
⸙ Dwight F. Davis
⸙ Rank Murphy
ACTS

⸙ Hare-Hawes-cutting Act (1933)

- the first law passed setting a specific date for Philippine
Independence from the United States.
⸙ Tydings-McDuffie Law (1934)
- 1935 constitution of the Philippines
- the law promise Philippine Independence after 10-year
transitional period of commonwealth government.
JAPANESE PERIOD
IMPORTANT DATES
⸙ December 8, 1941 – Japanese bombed Clark Airbase
⸙ December 9, 1941 - Japanese bombed Manila
⸙ December 10, 1941 – Japanese arrived in Batanes
⸙ December 26, 1941 – Gen. McArthur made Manila
an open city
⸙ April 9, 1942 – Bataan Death March or Fall of Bataan
⸙ May 6, 1942 – fall of Corregidor
DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS

⸙ KALIBAPI (Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong

Pilipinas)
⸙ HUKBALAHAP (Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon)
- founder: Luis Taruc
⸙ MAKAPILI (Makabagong Kalipunan ng mga
Pilipino)
- founder: Artemio Ricarte
PRESIDENT OF THE
PHILIPPINES
 EMILIO AGUINALDO
- first president of the Republic of the Philippines
- youngest president at 28 years old
- longest lived president
 MANUEL L. QUEZON
- father of National Language
- first senate president elected as president
- first Filipino President of commonwealth
- initiated women suffrage
- created National council of Education
 JOSE P. LAUREL
- only president of the second republic
- president of the Japanese puppet state
- declared martial in 1944
 SERGIO S. OSMEÑA
- second president of the commonwealth
- first vice president of the Philippines
- shortest serving president
 MANUEL A. ROXAS
- last president Philippine commonwealth
- first president of 3rd republic
- started reconstruction from war damage
 ELPIDIO P. QUIRINO
- second president of the 3rd Republic
- challenged by HUKBALAHAP
- LASEDECO Law settlement and Devt. Corp
- Social Security System (SSS)
 RAMON MAGSAYSAY
- third president of the 3rd Republic
- man of the mass
- little man
- youngest president to die at 49
 CARLOS P. GARCIA
- 4th president of the 3rd Republic
- Filipino First Policy
- Prince of Visayan poets
- Bard from Bohol
 DIOSDADO P. MACAPAGAL
- 5th president of the 3rd Republic
- Land Reform Law
- changed Independence Day from July to June 12
- minimum wage law signatory
- signatory of Phils. Veteran Bank
- incorruptible President
 FERDINAND MARCOS
- 6th and last president of the 3rd Republic
- 1st president of the 4th Republic
- longest serving president
- promised to make this country great again
- declared martial law in Sept. 1972
- first president to win a second term
 CORAZON C. AQUINO
- 1ST president of the 5th Republic
- first female president
- “woman of the year” – time magazine 1986
 FIDEL V. RAMOS
- 2nd president of the 5th Republic
- first protestant president
- most traveled president
- Father of Philippine Army Special Force
- Philippines 2000
 JOSEPH ESTRADA
- 3rd president of the 5th Republic
- all out war against MILF
- father of the masses
- overthrown in an EDSA II people power Revolution
in 2001
 GLORIA M. ARROYO
- 4th president of the 5th Republic
- “BEAT THE ODDS” agenda
- eVAT
- strong republic
 BENIGNO S. AQUINO III
- 5th president of the 5th Republic
- first bachelor president
- “No wang-wang plicy”
- Initiated the K-12 Curriculum
- Cyber crime law was born during his term
- “Tuwid na Daan”
 RODRIGO R. DUTERTE
- 6th president of the 5th Republic
- oldest to assume presidency at 71
- first president from Mindanao
- anti drug campaign
 FERDINAND R. MARCOS JR.
- 17th and current president of the Philippines
- senator for one term
- second child and only son of the 10th president
Marcos Sr.
- “unity”
 GROUNDS FOR IMPEACHMENT

- treason/bribery
- graft/corruption
- other high crimes

NOT IMPEACHABLE: Legislative Department

TYPES OF GOVERNMENT
1. Democracy
2. Republican
3. Monarchy
4. Oligarchy
5. Aristocracy
6. Anarchy
7. Communism
8. Meritocracy
9. Federalism
10.Parliamentary
11.Presidential
 WAY TO GO!
Ace your last and final long test and add the three letters at the end of your name.

Rhea Trina A. Canizo, LPT