Heart

Peristaltic pump- Muscles gradually squeeze to move the material along

Ancestor had this

Basic system

All animals don’t have a true heart. But some version of an organ for circulating blood has evolved in
at least three major groups- the arthropods, the mollusks and vertebrates.

Arthropods- Trilobite, Insects, Spider, Crustaceans

Mollusks- Gastropods (snails and slugs), Cephalopods (octopods, squids), Bivalves (clams and
mussels)

Arthropods

 Long, tube like structure called dorsal vessel. Its job is to collect blood and propel it in one
direction: toward and head.

Mollusks

 They had a heart

 Heart with multiple chambers
 Have complex heart
 More complex mollusk more complex its heart

Vertebrates

 The genes that create the specialized tissue that lines our blood vessels are known as
endothelium
 Oldest vertebrate fossil which had heart was a fish called Rhacolepis. It had two chambers.
 2 parts- atrium to collect blood and ventricle to push it back to body.
 Mammals have 4 chambers
 In mammalian heart, the right atrium and ventricle collect deoxygenated blood and send it to
lungs. In left atrium and ventricle collect the oxygenated blood from the lungs and send it
body.