Simpl
ePr
esent
: 

1-Usage:

Weuset hesimplepr
esentt
otal
kaboutt
hingsthatcont
inual
lyhappen,
thi
ngs
t
hathappenev er
yday,weekormont
handt hatof
tenhappens.Weuseitwit
h
f
actual
things.

2-
Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthesi
mpl
epr
esent
:

 
subj
ect
+basi
cfor
m oft
hev
erb(v
erb1)

e.
g.:
_Il
i
kemusi
c.

    
_Theynev
ergot
oschool
.

Note:
 weaddan(-sor-
es)t
otheverbi
fweuset
het
hir
dper
sonsi
ngul
ar(
he,
she,i
t)andanyot
herpr
opernouns

e.
g.:
_He 
goest
otheci
nemaev
eryThur
sday
.

    
_Sar
ali
kesr
eadi
ngashor
tst
ori
es.

    
_Thesunr
isesf
rom t
heEastandset
sint
hewest

Not
e:weusedon’
tordoesn’
ttomakenegat
ive:

_
Idon’
tli
keswi
mmi
ng.

_
Shedoesn’
teatmat
t.

3-
Key
wor
dsofpr
esentsi
mpl
e:

ev
ery
+per
iod(
ever
yday
,ev
eryweek,
.
..
etc.
),of
ten,

usual
l
y,al
way
s,somet
imes,
sel
dom,
frequent
ly,
nev
er.

4-
Exampl
es:

-
Iwakeupear
lyi
nthemor
ning(j
ustki
ddi
ng,
Iwakeupat11p.
m or12 )

-
Wat
erboi
l
sat100°degr
ees.
Pr
esentPr
ogr
essi
ve:

1-
Usage:

Weuseitt
otal
kaboutacti
onsthathappenri
ghtnow,act
ionswhi
charehours
pl
acedatt
hemomentofspeakingorwr i
ti
ng.I
tisal
sousedinconv
ersat
ion
andusedt
oref
ert
othef ut
ure.

2-Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
npr
esentpr
ogr
essi
ve:

Subj
ect
+is/
am/
are+v
erb+i
ng

e.
g.:
Iam wr
it
ingr
ightnow.

Shei
sst
udy
ingatt
hemoment

Wear
eleav
ingt
omor
row.

Not
e:weuse(
am)wit
h(I)
, and(i
s)wit
h(he,
she,
it,
singul
arsubj
ect
),and(
are)
i
susedwi
th(t
hey
,we,pl
uralsubj
ect)

3-Key
wor
dsofpr
esentpr
ogr
essi
ve:

att
hemoment
,ri
ghtnow,
now,
thi
sweekordayory
ear
,

awor
dli
ke(
look!l
i
sten!
)

4-Spel
l
ingr
ulesoft
hef
ormat
ionoft
hepr
ogr
essi
vet
ensesv
erbs:

Somev
erbschangewhent
heygetat
tachedt
o(-
ing)
.

-
ver
bsendi
ngwi
thi
e,(di
e>>dy
ing)
,(l
i
e>>l
yi
ng)

-v
erbsendi
ngwi
thsi
lente,
(move>>movi
ng),(
broke>>broki
ng),i
ftheverb
doesnotendwi
thsi
l
ente,wedonotdropi
t(be>>being)
,(see>>seei
ng).

-
ver
bsendi
ngwi
thy
,(f
ly>>f
lyi
ng)
,(buy
>>buy
ing)
.

-
ver
bswithonesy
ll
ableendingwit
haconsonantprecededwi
thashor
tvowel
,
wedupl
i
catethel
astconsonant
:(nod>>noddi
ng)
,(
run>>r
unni
ng)
Pr
esentPer
fect
:

1-
Usage:

Presentper
fecti
susedforacti
onsthatarecompleted,orperfect
ed,att
he
ti
meofwr it
ingorspeaki
ng,andwit
hactionwhichisnev erbeendonebefor
e
orauniqueexperi
ment.I
tisusedtotal
kaboutt hedurationofacti
on.

2-
Thef
ormat
ionoft
hepr
esentper
fect
:

Subj
ect
+has/
hav
e+v
erb3(pastpar
ti
cipl
e)

e.
g.:
Ihav
ejustf
ini
shedmywor
k.

Hehasnev
erv
isi
tedI
tal
ybef
ore.

Wehav
est
udi
edEngl
i
shl
i
ter
atur
efor4y
ear
s.

3-Key
wor
dsoft
hepr
esentper
fect
:

Si
nce,
for
,yet
,just
,bef
ore,
recent
ly,
lat
ely
,al
ready
,sof
ar,
manyt
imes

4-Exampl
es:

-
Shef
ini
shedherst
udyi
n2018.

-Theyhav
enott
ri
edt
hissal
ady
et.

-Hehasbeenonadi
etr
ecent
ly.

Pr
esentPer
fectPr
ogr
essi
ve:

1-
Usage

I
tisusedtotal
kaboutanactiont
hatst
art
edinthepastandsti
l
lgoi
ngonor
hasrecent
lyst
opped.I
tisusedtoemphasi
zethelengt
hofti
me.

2-Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthepr
esentper
fectpr
ogr
essi
ve:
Subj
ect
+has/
hav
e+been+t
hepr
esentpar
ti
ci
pleoft
hev
erb(v
erb-
ing)

3-Exampl
es:

-
Ihav
ebeensl
eepi
ngf
orday
srecent
ly

-
Hehasbeenwat
chi
ngt
heser
iest
hatIsuggest
.

-Shehasbeeneat
ingal
otl
atel
y.

Thati
sal
l
.Hopey
ouenj
oyi
t.Leav
eacommenti
fyouhav
eanyquest
ions.

PastSi
mpl
e:

1-
Usage:

weusepastsimpl
etot
alkaboutanacti
onthathappenedi
nt hepast
,
happenedbef
oret
hemomentspeaking,orhappenedataspecif
ict
imei
nthe
past.

2-Thef
orm oft
hesent
encei
nthepastsi
mpl
e:

subj
ect
+ver
b+ed(
ver
b2)
 

e.
g.:
 
Ipl
ayedf
oot
bal
ll
astweek.

    
Shel
i
vedi
nSy
riai
n2013.

3-Key
wor
dsofpastsi
mpl
e:

l
ast
+per
iod(l
astday
,week,
mont
h,.
..
etc.
),y
est
erday
,in(
pasty
ear
),ago.

3-Exampl
es:

-
 Ibr
okemyl
egt
hreey
ear
sago.

-Hewentt
oJapani
n2010.
 

-
 Theyat
elunch2hour
sago.
PastPr
ogr
essi
ve:

1-
Usage:

Weuset hepastprogr
essi
vetotal
kaboutanact i
onthathappenedi
nthepast
andprogressedataspeci
fi
cti
meint hepast.I
tisusedtodescri
beanact
ion
thatst
art
edi nt
hepastandwasinter
ruptedbyanotheract
ion.

2-
Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthepastpr
ogr
essi
ve:

Subj
ect
+was/
wer
e+pr
esentpar
ti
cipl
eoft
hev
erb(
Ving)

e.
g.:
-Iwaseat
ingmyl
unch.

-Hewaswr
it
ingwhent
hephoner
ang.

3-Key
wor
dsoft
hepastpr
ogr
essi
ve:

Whi
l
e,when

Not
e:Thi
stensei
sty
pical
l
yusedwi
tht
hepastsi
mpl
etense.

4-Exampl
es:

-
Whi
l
eshewasst
udy
ing,
hepl
ayedmusi
c.

-
Wewer
egoi
ngt
oschool
whent
hebusr
anoutoff
uel
.

-
Iwasdoi
ngmyhomewor
kwhenmymum cal
l
edme.

Note:inacademicwrit
ingweuse“were”wit
hthepr
onoun“
I”
,and“was”i
s
usedineverydayspeech.E.
g.(Iwaseati
ngwhenshefi
ndme.Iweredoi
ng
myr esear
chwheny ouheededme.)

PastPer
fect
:

1-
Usage:

Weusethepastperfectt
otalkaboutanact
ionthathappenedinthepastand
f
ini
shedbeforeasecondpointi
nthepastandtotalkabouttheunreal
and
i
maginar
ythingsi
nthepast.
2-
Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthepastper
fect
:

Subj
ect
+had+pastpar
ti
cipl
eoft
hev
erb(
ver
b3)

e.
g.:
-Ipubl
i
shedmyf
ir
stbl
ogwhenIwas24y
ear
sol
d.

-Hehadf
ini
shedal
lthef
oodbef
orewear
ri
vedhome.

3-
Key
wor
dsoft
hepastper
fect
:

Bef
ore,
by,
unt
ilt
hatmoment
,noty
et

4-
Exampl
es:

-
Hehadt
rav
ell
edt
oLondonbyt
het
imewewentt
oSy
ria.

-
Theyhadnotgonet
oHomsUnt
ilt
hatmoment
.

-
WhenIar
ri
ved,
thepar
tyhadnotst
art
edy
et.

PastPer
fectPr
ogr
essi
ve:

1-
Usage:

I
tisusedtot
alkaboutanactiont
hatstar
tedbefor
eapart
icul
art
imeint
he
pastandi
ssti
lli
nprogressuptothatt
imeinthepast
.E.
g.Ihadbeenwor
king
onmyessaysthenightbefor
emyexams.

2-
Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthepastper
fectpr
ogr
essi
ve:

Subj
ect
+had+been+pr
esentpar
ti
cipl
eoft
hev
erb(
V+i
ng)

E.
g.-
Ihadbeenst
udy
ingEngl
i
shwhenmygr
andf
atherpassedaway
.

3-
Key
wor
dsoft
hepastper
fectpr
ogr
essi
ve:

When,since,f
or,
andbef
orear
ewor
dsmayseeusedal
ongsi
depastper
fect
pr
ogressive.

4-
Exampl
es:
-
Ihadbeenwal
ki
ng3mi
l
esadaybef
oreIwentt
ouni
ver
sit
y.

-
theser
iest
hatwasst
opped,
hadbeenshowi
ngnewi
deal
ssi
ncei
tst
art
ed.

That
’sal
l
.Hopet
hatwashel
pful
.

Si
mpl
eFut
ure:

1-Usage:

weuset otal
kaboutthingsthathaven'
thappenedyetandt
otal
kaboutan
acti
onorcondit
ionthatwill
begininthefut
ure.I
tisusedwi
thpl
ans,
decisi
ons,
predi
cti
ons,of
fers,
andpr omises.

2-Thef
orm oft
hesent
encei
nsi
mpl
efut
ure:

subj
ect
+wi
l
l/(
be+goi
ngt
o)+basi
cfor
m oft
hev
erb(
ver
b1)

e.
g.:
 
-Iwi
l
lst
artwr
it
ingmybl
ogssoon.

    
-Hewi
l
lteachmeEngl
i
shr
ulesonSunday
.

-
Theyar
egoi
ngt
ogodanci
ng.

3-Key
wor
dsofsi
mpl
efut
ure:

t
omorr
ow,i
n(f
utur
eyear,
month,week)
,on(f
utur
eday
),nex
t(week,
mont
h,
y
ear
,nameofdays)
,andsomeday.

4-Exampl
es:

-Iam goi
ngt
ofi
nishmyst
udy
ingt
henextt
woy
ear
s.(
inf
ormal
language)

-
 Theywi
l
lmeetusonSundayat10a.
m.

-Shewi
l
ltr
avel
toLondonsomeday
.

Fut
urePr
ogr
essi
ve:
1-
Usage:

Fut
ureprogr
essi
veisusedt
otal
kaboutanact
iont
hatwi
l
lst
arti
nthef
utur
e
andwil
lcont
inueforsomet
ime.

2-
TheFor
mat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthef
utur
epr
ogr
essi
ve:

Subj
ect
+wi
l
l(be+goi
ngt
o)+be+(
V-i
ng)

e.
g.:
Iwi
l
lbest
udy
ingt
omor
rowal
lni
ght
.

-Hei
sgoi
ngt
obeaMAst
udentnexty
ear
.

3-
Key
wor
dsoft
hef
utur
epr
ogr
essi
ve:

I
n+per
iodoff
utur
eti
me(
int
woweeks)
,thi
sti
met
omor
row,
thi
sti
meweek.

4-Exampl
es:

Iwi
l
lbev
isi
ti
ngmyf
ri
endt
hist
imet
omor
row.

Shei
sgoi
ngt
obewr
it
inghernewessayi
ntwoday
s.

Wewi
l
lbel
aunchi
ngourcompanyatt
hist
imenexty
ear
.

Theyar
egoi
ngt
obepubl
i
shi
ngt
hei
rwor
katt
hist
imet
omor
row.

Fut
urePer
fect
:

1-
Usage

Thistenseisusedtotal
kaboutanact
iont
hatwi
l
lbedoneorf
ini
shedbef
ore
anotherfut
urepointi
nti
me.
2-
Thef
ormat
ionoft
hesent
encei
nthef
utur
eper
fect
:

Subj
ect
+wi
l
l+hav
e+pastpar
ti
cipl
eoft
hev
erb(
Ver
b3)

e.
g.:
-Iwi
l
lhav
efi
nishedt
hepr
ojectbef
oresunr
ise.

-
Hewi
l
lhav
egr
aduat
edf
rom uni
ver
sit
yint
womont
hs.

3-
Key
wor
doft
hef
utur
eper
fect
:

Byt
womont
hs,
week,
year
.Int
hreeday
s,weeks,
year
s,mont
hs

When,
bef
ore.

4-
Exampl
es:

Iwi
l
lhav
edancedwi
thmyf
ri
endswhent
hesunset
.

Hewi
l
lhav
efi
nishedt
hebui
l
dingi
nthr
eeday
s.

Theywi
l
lhav
esol
dal
lthegoodsbyt
woweeks.

Fut
urePer
fectPr
ogr
essi
ve:

1-
Usage:

 
Itisusedt
otal
kaboutanact
ionthatwi
l
lst
arti
nthef
utur
eandwi
l
lcont
inue
overti
meuptoapointi
nthefut
ure.

2-
TheFor
mat
ionoft
hef
utur
eper
fectpr
ogr
essi
ve:

Subj
ect
+wi
l
l+hav
e+been+pr
esentpar
ti
cipl
e(V-
ing)
e.
g.:
Iwi
l
lhav
ebeenr
unni
ngf
ort
hreehour
swhent
hiscl
ocki
s11a:
m.

3-
Key
wor
dsoft
hef
utur
eper
fectpr
ogr
essi
ve:

Theyaret
hesameasanyot
herf
utur
etensebutt
heyi
ndi
cat
econt
inuous
act
ion.

4-
Exampl
es:

I
’
llhav
ebeendanci
ngf
or30mi
nut
esbyt
hen.

He’
l
lhav
ebeenwor
kingf
or36hour
sby7o’
cl
ock.

We’
l
lhav
ebeencombi
ngf
or3mont
hsbyt
henex
tweek.

That
'sal
l
.Wasi
thel
pful
?Pl
easel
eav
eacomment
.