Amhara National Regional State

Water, Irrigation and Energy Development Bureau

Inception Report

For

Begede Dam Irrigation Project

Volume IV: Engineering Inception Report

July, 2020 G.C

Client: Water, Irrigation and Energy Development Bureau

Address:
P.O. Box: 88
Telephone: 0528-200853/855
Fax: 251-08-20-65-68/204676/202040
Consultant: Amhara Design & Supervision Works Enterprise (ADSWE)
East Amhara Branch Office
Address:
P.O. Box: 1921
Telephone: +251-058-321-7570 or +251-033-312-1951
Fax: (058)2180550 or (033)3124954
E-mail: Amharadesign@gmail.com
Web-site www.ADSWE.com.et
Dessie, Ethiopia

AMHARA DESIGN AND SUPERVISION WORKS ENTERPRISE EAST AMHARA BRANCH OFFICE 2011E.C. Page 1
Amhara National Regional State, Water, Irrigation and Energy Bureau Begede Irrigation Dam Project

INCEPTION REPORT STRUCTURE

Volume I: Watershed Management

Volume II: Engineering Geology

Volume III: Irrigation Agronomy

Volume IV: Engineering Design

Volume V: Socio–Economic

Volume VI: Financial and Economic Analysis

Volume VII: Agribusiness and Marketing

Volume VIII: Soil studies

Volume IX: Environmental and Social Impact

Assessment

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................................................................3

LIST OF TABELS..........................................................................................................................................4

LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................................................................5

ABBREVATIONS AND ACRONYMS..........................................................................................................6

SALIENT FEATURES...................................................................................................................................7

1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................8

1.1 OBJECTIVE........................................................................................................................................8

1.2 SCOPE................................................................................................................................................8

1.3 METHODOLOGY..............................................................................................................................9

1.4 GENERAL WORK SCHEDULE........................................................................................................9

1.5 MATERIALS REQUIRED...............................................................................................................10

1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY CREW....................................................................................10

2 LCATION OF PROPOSED IRRIGATION SITE..................................................................................10

2.1 Location.............................................................................................................................................10

2.2 Accessibility......................................................................................................................................11

3 HYDROLOGY STUDY.........................................................................................................................12

3.1 METEOROLOGICAL STATION Selection.....................................................................................12

3.2 CLIMATE DATA AND QUALITY CHECKING............................................................................12

3.3 WATER BALANCE ANALYSISE..................................................................................................13

3.4 DEPENDABLE ANNUAL RAINFALL ANALYSIS......................................................................14

3.5 CATCHMENT YIELD DETERMINATION....................................................................................15

3.6 RESERVOIR CAPACITY DETERMINATION...............................................................................16

4 HEADWORK STRUCTURE DESIGN.................................................................................................19

4.1 Headwork Design Parameters............................................................................................................19

5 Command area & Irrigation infrastructure..............................................................................................20

5.1 Selection of canal type.......................................................................................................................20

6 CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION....................................................................................22

6.1 RECOMMENDATION.....................................................................................................................22
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6.2 CONCLUSSION...............................................................................................................................22

7 REFERENCE.........................................................................................................................................23

LIST OF TABELS
Table 1 Typical Schedule by Major Activities.................................................................................................9

Table 2 Study Crew Members........................................................................................................................10

Table 3:Ambamariam climate data.................................................................................................................12

Table 4:Ambamariam climate data quality check design criteria...................................................................13

Table 5:Water Balance Analysise...................................................................................................................13

Table 6:Dependabel Annual rainfall...............................................................................................................14

Table 7:Catchment Yield for option-1 dam axies...........................................................................................15

Table 8:Catchment Yield for option-2 dam axies...........................................................................................16

Table 9:Irrigation Water Demand...................................................................................................................16

Table 10:Reservior Storage Capacity for option-1........................................................................................17

Table 11:Reservoir capacity for option-1.......................................................................................................18

Table 12:Reservior Storage Capacity for option-2........................................................................................18

Table 13:Reservoir capacity for option-2.......................................................................................................19

Table 14:Headwork(Dam) dimentional parameter.........................................................................................19

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Begede Irrigation command area for option-1 and 2.......................................................................21

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ABBREVATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ADSWE........................Amhara Design and Supervision Works Enterprise

ANRS ..........................Amhara National Regional State

BoWIE..........................Bureau of water, irrigation and energy

Km................................Kilometer

GPS..............................Global Positioning Systems

mm...............................Millimeter

Ha-m............................Hectare Meter

Ha.................................Hectare

SSIP.............................Small Scale Irrigation Project

m..................................Meter

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SALIENT FEATURES
1. Name and type of the project: Begede Irrigation Dam Project
2. River basin: Blue Nile
3. Name of the stream: Begede
4. Location (dam axis)
 Northing: - 1234122m
 Easting: - 513886m
 Elevation: - 2871m
 Zone: South Wollo
 Woreda: Meqedela
 Kebela: Dedere
5. Hydrology
 Catchments area=3.3km2
 Average annual rain fall=1090.8mm
 75% dependable rain fall=856.8mm
 Command area proposed= 100ha.
6. Reservoir
 MWL=2885m.a.s. l
 NWL= 2882m.a.s.l
 MDDL= 2878m.a.s.l
7. Storage capacity
 At MWL= 198ha.m
 At NWL= 158 ham
 At MDDL= 59 ham
8. Dam
 Type of dam section: Earth fill dam
 Dam crest length= 1300m
 Top width = 4mm
 Maximum dam height Above River Bed = 13.5m
 Crest length to dam height ratio: 0.01:1
 Outlet Sill level: 2878m.a.s.l
 Total submerged area at FRL: 33.75 ha
 Total submerged area at MWL: 48.85ha.
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1 INTRODUCTION
Amhara National Regional State Government dues at most endeavor to prompt the productivity of
the farmers whereby to ensure food self-sufficiency and income generation of the regional people.
Amongst these administrative zones South Wollo is one of them where the site identification
irrigation projects were done. This task had insisted by the ANRS Water Irrigation and Energy
Development Bureau. So that Amhara Design and Supervision Works Enterprise signed a
contractual agreement to accomplish the site identification work in Mekedela woreda found in
Amhara region. Accordingly, the project was visited by a study team.

For the execution of site identification of irrigation projects, different activities were undertaken
together with the stakeholders. But this document mainly focused on the actions that had been
carried out during prefeasibility study.

For sustainable utilization of the water resources for irrigation development, identifying and
quantifying them and drawing reasonable conclusion is important pre task for feasibility study and
detail designing work.

1.1 OBJECTIVE

The objectives of the resource identification study are,

 To assess the available land, water resources potentials and the willingness of the
community for irrigation development
 To collect necessary data to be the basis for the next phase of the study
 To forecast the possible means of water abstraction for the proposed irrigation development
 To present for pre-feasibility study

1.2 SCOPE

The scope of this study is limited only in the identification of water resource, possible irrigation
land and willingness of the community based on local primary and secondary data at (woreda)
level.

1.3 METHODOLOGY

 At office level, preparation of action plan and reviewing it with the proposed reconnaissance
study team.
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 A team was formed that had been composed of a Project manager, an Irrigation/ Hydraulic
Engineer, a Geologist, a Watershed expert, Agronomy, Environmental impact assessment
and socioeconomics.
 In-situ discussions were held to facilitate the overall work by gathering different ideas
raised by the team members.
 Holding discussions with the woreda and kebele administrators to accomplish the field
activities in harmony. Moreover, they will inform as well as accompanied to the team the
potential areas to be seen with a given period of time.
 Fixing the headwork locations, discharge measurements, and available command areas
using hand held GPS, GIS, Global mapper and DEM (30X30) of Amhara region.
 Carrying out geological and watershed observations, in some part of the catchments, and
command area.
 Gathering related primary and secondary data, if any, for watershed as meteorology station
availability in the area. Gathering information on the availability as well as accessibility of
local construction materials.

1.4 GENERAL WORK SCHEDULE

Any envisaged SSIP assignment shall be planned to be completed over a certain period of months
or years depending on the scale of the project. But for SSIP, the average duration could go from 3
to 5 months depending on timely responses from concerned organs.

Weeks
S.N Major Activities
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 Inception phase activities
2 Feasibility study and preliminary
design& Costing
3 Detail engineering design & Costing
5 Preparation of Operational manuals &
Reporting
6 Preparation & submission of Final
reports
Table 1 Typical Schedule by Major Activities

1.5 MATERIALS REQUIRED

The following materials are used during the study Hand held GPS, note book, Vehicle, Laptop, Camera,
Compass, meter tape, stop watch

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1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY CREW

Name Professional

Abel T/tsadik Team Leader

Seyiume Muha Project Manager

Zelalem Birhanu Hydraulic /Irrigation Engineer

Lamesegin Geotechnical Engineer
Geberhiwote Deriba Watershed Expert

Moges Agronomist
Solomon EIA Expert

Telaye Socio- Economist

Addisu Soil Expert

Chale/Mola/ Drivers

Table 2 Study Crew Members

Duration of the study: - From 20-25 date, 10 months 2012 year

2 LCATION OF PROPOSED IRRIGATION SITE

2.1 Location
a) Name of Proposed Irrigation project
o Name of the project: -Begede dam Irrigation Project
b) Administrative location of the project
o Region: -Amhara Region
o Zone: -South Wollo Zone
o Woreda: -Meqedela
o Kebela-029(Dedere)
o Gote/Specific Project Location Name: -Begede
c) Geographical Location of Water abstraction site/Headwork site
o Option One
 Northing: - 1234122m
 Easting: - 513886m
 Elevation: - 2871m
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o Option Two
 Northing: - 1233312m
 Easting: - 513663m
 Elevation: - 2894m

2.2 Accessibility
d) Distance from Region town (Bahirdar) to headwork's site is
o Total distance: -689km
o On asphalt: -620Km
o On dry-weather road: -81.44Km
o On foot: -1.14Km
e) Distance from zonal town (Dessie) to headwork's site is
o Total distance: -127.71km
o On asphalt: -45.13Km
o On weather road: -81.44Km
o On foot: -1.14Km
f) Distance from woreda town (Masha) to headwork's site is
o Total distance: -13.71km
o On weather road: -12.56Km
o On foot: -1.14Km

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3 HYDROLOGY STUDY

In this project, determinations of two basic hydrological events are very important in the design of
the structure required in the project. These are annual catchment yield and extreme peak flood. On
one way, these events determine the sustainability of the irrigation project structures, which means
structures that can withstand these events and service for intended purpose within the project life
has to be adopted. On another way, hydrological events enable us to design projects structures
economically. Hence, in this sub section determination of both catchment yield and extreme flood
will be done from rainfall and runoff relationship due to the absence of the gauging station in the
Begede Stream River across which the dam is to be built.

3.1 METEOROLOGICAL STATION Selection

Figure 1: Begede Dam Meteorology Station Location Map

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The nearest meteorological station for the begede dam projects are shown in the following table below.

Distance to Headwork
Stations Class North East Elevation
Option-1 Axis Option-2 Axis
Akesta 4.00 1201610.56 518579.57 3119.00 33.19 32.42
Amba mariam 1.00 1238102.66 524017.35 2891.00 10.61 11.14
Masha 3.00 1249150.95 501091.32 2078.00 19.56 20.03
Tenta 4.00 1251374.08 527281.16 2865.00 21.45 22.25

Dam Axis Geographical Coordinate

Option-1 Axis Option-2 Axis
 

North 1234492.0 1233672.0

East 514045.0 513797.0

Elevation 2871.0 2894.0

Amba Mariam metrological station is preferred for this project from its proximity and homogeneity
point of view. It is 10.61 km far away from option-1 dam axis site and 11.14 Km away from option-
2 dam axis as well as amba Mariam (El 2891) which has a similar elevation to the begede dam site and
therefore was selected to represent the climate conditions at the begede reservoir.

It is class one meteorology station, having daily rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature,
humidity, sunshine and wind data.

3.2 CLIMATE DATA AND QUALITY CHECKING

Total Recorded Year No.of Missing

Availabel
Recorded No. of
Sr.No. Climate data % of Missing No of
From To Data data
data Year
year Year
1 Rainfall 1989 2017 9.04% 27 2 25
2 Max.Temp. 1995 2017 7.02% 23 3 20
3 Min.Temp 1995 2017 8.61% 23 3 20
4 Wind 1994 2017 18.88% 24 6 18
5 Sunshine Hour 1995 2017 22.37% 23 7 16
6 Humidity 1995 2017 6.09% 23 3 20

Table 3:Ambamariam climate data

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Sr.No
Types of design Design Criteria Remark
.
Grubs and Beck outlier test
1
based on skewness coefficient Outliers are removed
Consistency test, less than Double mass curve to be
  Climate data quality
10% consistent the data
test
Homogeneity, to be partition the data to be
 
homogeneous, homogenous
  Trend, trend not to exist.  
Theisen polygon for stations
2 to check a real contribution
areal closer.  
  Station Selection Closeness/Proximity to site Distance from the head work
  Elevation closes to the head work site
the same topographical
Topography
  features

Table 4:Ambamariam climate data quality check design criteria

3.3 WATER BALANCE ANALYSISE

Before designing a reservoir dam, there need to studied availability of water resources in the basin
and its analysis water balance to identify storage requirement. Thus, get long term flow data and
estimate mean monthly flows of the river to be used as source of water supply and Analyze demand
and supply and hence identify the gap i.e. storage requirement; Then at this stage, the water balance
and storage capacity is fixed thus design can continue.

Inflow (ha.m)  
Inflo Crop Total
Mont Rainfa Runoff D/S Balan
Area,h w demand Deman Remark
h ll Coeffic Release= ce
a (ha.m (ha.m) d
(mm) ient,C 25%
)
Jan. 330.00 0.1 0.35 0.01 0.0037 7.74 7.742 7.61 Storge Reqired
Feb. 330.00 0.1 0.35 0.01 0.0032 16.07 16.075 15.96 Storge Reqired
Mar 330.00 0.1 0.35 0.02 0.0043 13.69 13.695 13.55 Storge Reqired
Apr 330.00 0.2 0.35 0.03 0.0067 10.12 10.126 9.89 Storge Reqired
May 330.00 0.2 0.35 0.03 0.0065 0.60 0.602 0.38 Storge Reqired
Jun 330.00 0.2 0.35 0.03 0.0071 0.00 0.007 -0.24 Storage Not Required
Jul 330.00 0.2 0.35 0.03 0.0064 0.00 0.006 -0.22 Storage Not Required
Aug 330.00 0.2 0.35 0.02 0.0053 0.00 0.005 -0.18 Storage Not Required
Sep 330.00 0.5 0.35 0.06 0.0139 7.74 7.752 7.27 Storge Reqired
Oct 330.00 0.3 0.35 0.04 0.0092 14.88 14.890 14.57 Storge Reqired
Nov 330.00 0.1 0.35 0.01 0.0028 5.36 5.360 5.26 Storge Reqired

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Dec 330.00 0.3 0.35 0.03 0.0076 1.79 1.793 1.53 Storge Reqired
Storage Capacity 75.4  

Table 5:Water Balance Analysise

3.4 DEPENDABLE ANNUAL RAINFALL ANALYSIS

The yield estimation is beginning from collecting an annual rainfall in the nearby meteorological
station to the watershed. And it must be 60% and above dependability for irrigation is
recommended, to avoid risk of fewer yields.

Annual Descendin
S.No. Year Rank m/(n+1)*100 Remark
. RF g Order

1 1992 745.9 1335.7 1 4.17% Secondary Yield (For Hydropower)

2 1993 873.8 1182.6 2 8.33%  
3 1994 968.6 1123.0 3 12.50%  
4 1995 892.3 1118.6 4 16.67%  
5 1996 1182.6 1108.2 5 20.83%  
6 1997 911 1055.8 6 25.00%  
7 1998 1033 1033.0 7 29.17%  
8 1999 923.3 968.6 8 33.33%  
9 2000 1123 952.3 9 37.50%  
10 2001 1118.6 939.0 10 41.67%  
11 2002 906.3 935.4 11 45.83%  
12 2003 916.6 923.3 12 50.00%  
13 2004 745.5 916.6 13 54.17%  
14 2006 1055.8 911.0 14 58.33%  
15 2007 887.6 906.3 15 62.50%  
16 2009 856.8 892.3 16 66.67%
17 2010 1335.7 887.6 17 70.83%
18 2011 778.3 873.8 18 75.00% Dependable Rainfall (For Irrigation)
19 2012 935.4 856.8 19 79.17%
20 2013 952.3 778.3 20 83.33%
21 2014 939 745.9 21 87.50%  
22 2015 620.8 745.5 22 91.67%  
23 2016 1108.2 620.8 23 95.83% Firm Yield (For water supply)

Table 6:Dependabel Annual rainfall

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Therefore, our dependable rainfall(R) is equal to 75.00%, that is 873.8mm, which occurs in the
year of 1993.

3.5 CATCHMENT YIELD DETERMINATION

Begede River is not Perennial River. So, the farmers who have a farm on the reservoir area are not
used to implement traditional irrigation practice, water resource for this intended purpose will come
from the sub surface and surface runoff from the catchment area. This water will be stored and
diverted by construction of barrier across the Begede River. The amount of the water obtained from
catchment depends on its characteristics like soil type, land use/cover, slope and etc.

Catchment Yield (Y) = R*A*C

Where R = Dependable Rainfall (mm), in this case 75% dependable rain fall =873.8mm

A = Catchment area, km2

C = Runoff coefficient = 0.35(Assumed runoff coefficient)

Option-1
Runoff Catchment Area Catchment yield
Month Rainfall(mm) Remark
coeff. C (ha) (ha.m)
Jan 17.60 0.35 330.00 2.03  
Feb 9.40 0.35 330.00 1.09  
Mar 83.40 0.35 330.00 9.63  
Apr 209.40 0.35 330.00 24.19  
May 89.10 0.35 330.00 10.29  
Jun 0.00 0.35 330.00 0.00  
Jul 260.60 0.35 330.00 30.10  
Aug 114.60 0.35 330.00 13.24  
Sep 78.60 0.35 330.00 9.08  
Oct 11.10 0.35 330.00 1.28  
Nov 0.00 0.35 330.00 0.00  
Dec 0.00 0.35 330.00 0.00  
Total 873.80     100.92 Ha.m

Table 7:Catchment Yield for option-1 dam axies

Option-2
Runoff Catchment Area Catchment yield
Month Rainfall(mm) Remark
coeff. C (ha) (ha.m)
Jan 17.60 0.35 300.00 1.85  
Feb 9.40 0.35 300.00 0.99  
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Option-2
Runoff Catchment Area Catchment yield
Month Rainfall(mm) Remark
coeff. C (ha) (ha.m)
Mar 83.40 0.35 300.00 8.76  
Apr 209.40 0.35 300.00 21.99  
May 89.10 0.35 300.00 9.36  
Jun 0.00 0.35 300.00 0.00  
Jul 260.60 0.35 300.00 27.36  
Aug 114.60 0.35 300.00 12.03  
Sep 78.60 0.35 300.00 8.25  
Oct 11.10 0.35 300.00 1.17  
Nov 0.00 0.35 300.00 0.00  
Dec 0.00 0.35 300.00 0.00  
Total 873.80     91.75 Ha.m

Table 8:Catchment Yield for option-2 dam axies

3.6 RESERVOIR CAPACITY DETERMINATION

After deciding the dependable yield for the proposed reservoir, the reservoir capacity is determined
as follows:Irrigation water demand is computed by estimating the crop water requirements and any
other water demand required to meet the water supply needs,

Irrigation water demand, Qirr=Net Command Area (ha) * Duty(l/sec/ha), Daily water
requirement data is taken from mekena masonry pond which is found tenta ajibar.capacity
elevation data is taken from Global Mapper version 2019 is taken.

Monthly
Crop Demand HA-
Month Design Eto Duty/l/s/ha Discharge, vol. of water m3 m3/ha/month
M
l/s
Jan 2.58 0.60 59.71 77380.95 773.81 7.74
Feb 5.36 1.24 124.01 160714.29 1607.14 16.07
Mar 4.56 1.06 105.64 136904.76 1369.05 13.69
Apr 3.37 0.78 78.08 101190.48 1011.90 10.12
May 0.20 0.05 4.59 5952.38 59.52 0.60
Jun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Jul 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Aug 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sep 2.58 0.60 59.71 77380.95 773.81 7.74
Oct 4.96 1.15 114.82 148809.52 1488.10 14.88
Nov 1.79 0.41 41.34 53571.43 535.71 5.36
Dec 0.60 0.14 13.78 17857.14 178.57 1.79
M3 779761.90 7797.62 77.98
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Table 9:Irrigation Water Demand

Reservoir Losses: - at about 15% of irrigation water demand

Net Storage= Reservoir losses + Irrigation water demand

Dead storage volume at about 10% of net storage

Gross reservoir storage=Net Storage + Dead Storage

Description Capacity Remark

Irrigation Water Demand 77.98 For 100Ha
Reservoir Loss 11.70 15% of Irrigation Demand
Live Storage 89.67  
Dead Storage 7.80 10% of Irrigation Demand
Dead Storage 59.96 based on Max.command area
  59.96 Selected Dead Storage Level
Gross Storage 149.64 Max. reservoir capacity

Table 10:Reservior Storage Capacity for option-1

Area cumulative cum. Vol vol

Elevation Depth Incremental Area ha.m
(m2) depth ( m) (m3) ha.m
vol (m3)
2871.00 530.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05
2871.50 4146.62 0.50 0.50 1169.27 1169.27 0.12 0.41
2872.00 8943.35 0.50 1.00 3272.49 4441.76 0.44 0.89
2872.50 14896.69 0.50 1.50 5960.01 10401.77 1.04 1.49
2873.00 22023.68 0.50 2.00 9230.09 19631.86 1.96 2.20
2873.50 30324.31 0.50 2.50 13087.00 32718.86 3.27 3.03
2874.50 50463.65 0.50 3.50 22564.27 72812.57 7.28 5.05
2875.00 62361.29 0.50 4.00 28206.23 101018.81 10.10 6.24
2875.50 75365.24 0.50 4.50 34431.63 135450.44 13.55 7.54
2876.00 89561.66 0.50 5.00 41231.72 176682.16 17.67 8.96
2876.50 105039.63 0.50 5.50 48650.32 225332.49 22.53 10.50
2877.00 121536.86 0.50 6.00 56644.12 281976.61 28.20 12.15
2877.50 139037.87 0.50 6.50 65143.68 347120.29 34.71 13.90
2878.00 157796.31 0.50 7.00 74208.55 421328.84 42.13 15.78
2878.50 177953.21 0.50 7.50 83937.38 505266.22 50.53 17.80
2879.00 199510.29 0.50 8.00 94365.88 599632.10 59.96 19.95
2879.50 222148.37 0.50 8.50 105414.66 705046.76 70.50 22.21
2880.00 245379.02 0.50 9.00 116881.85 821928.61 82.19 24.54
2880.50 269182.19 0.50 9.50 128640.30 950568.91 95.06 26.92

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Area cumulative cum. Vol vol

Elevation Depth Incremental Area ha.m
(m2) depth ( m) (m3) ha.m
vol (m3)
2881.00 293626.46 0.50 10.00 140702.16 1091271.08 109.13 29.36
2881.50 318714.29 0.50 10.50 153085.19 1244356.27 124.44 31.87
2882.00 344474.79 0.50 11.00 178834.86 1588988.40 158.90 34.45
2882.50 370864.66 0.50 11.50 192186.13 1781174.53 178.12 37.09
2883.00 397879.86 0.50 12.00 205800.98 1986975.51 198.70 39.79

Table 11:Reservoir capacity for option-1

Description Capacity Remark

Irrigation Water Demand 77.98 For 100Ha
Reservoir Loss 11.70 15% of irrigation Demand
Live Storage 89.67  
Dead Storage 7.80 10% of Irrigation Demand
Dead Storage 61.01 based on Max.command area
  61.01 Selected Dead Storage Level
Gross Storage 150.68 Max. reservoir capacity

Table 12:Reservior Storage Capacity for option-2

Average
cumulative cum. Vol
Elevation Area (m2) Depth end area vol ha.m Area ha.m
depth ( m) (m3)
method
2894.00 35.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2894.50 1468.90 0.50 0.50 376.22 376.22 0.04 0.15
2895.00 4891.04 0.50 1.00 1589.98 1966.20 0.20 0.49
2895.50 10275.92 0.50 1.50 3791.74 5757.94 0.58 1.03
2896.00 17521.40 0.50 2.00 6949.33 12707.27 1.27 1.75
2896.50 26069.20 0.50 2.50 10897.65 23604.92 2.36 2.61
2897.00 35834.37 0.50 3.00 15475.89 39080.81 3.91 3.58
2898.00 59507.46 0.50 4.00 26595.54 86353.63 8.64 5.95
2898.50 73943.17 0.50 4.50 33362.66 119716.28 11.97 7.39
2899.00 90092.04 0.50 5.00 41008.80 160725.09 16.07 9.01
2899.50 107906.45 0.50 5.50 49499.62 210224.71 21.02 10.79
2900.00 127155.36 0.50 6.00 58765.45 268990.16 26.90 12.72
2900.50 147755.88 0.50 6.50 68727.81 337717.97 33.77 14.78
2901.00 169852.52 0.50 7.00 79402.10 417120.07 41.71 16.99
2901.50 192929.22 0.50 7.50 90695.44 507815.51 50.78 19.29
2902.00 216204.91 0.50 8.00 102283.53 610099.04 61.01 21.62
2902.50 239788.87 0.50 8.50 113998.44 724097.49 72.41 23.98
2903.00 263923.88 0.50 9.00 125928.19 850025.68 85.00 26.39
2903.50 288273.19 0.50 9.50 138049.27 988074.94 98.81 28.83

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Average
cumulative cum. Vol
Elevation Area (m2) Depth end area vol ha.m Area ha.m
depth ( m) (m3)
method
2904.00 312459.56 0.50 10.00 150183.19 1138258.13 113.83 31.25
2904.50 337142.04 0.50 10.50 162400.40 1300658.53 130.07 33.71
2905.00 362110.02 0.50 11.00 174813.01 1475471.54 147.55 36.21
2905.50 387210.39 0.50 11.50 187330.10 1662801.64 166.28 38.72
2906.00 412345.63 0.50 12.00 199889.00 1862690.64 186.27 41.23

Table 13:Reservoir capacity for option-2

Option-1: - have a dam height of 10.5m with storage of 149.6Ha-m and reservoir area of 33.75Ha

Option-2: - have a dam height of 11.1m with storage of 150Ha-m and reservoir area of 36.63Ha

Therefore option-1 is selected, since it is minimum dam height and storage area with maximum storage.

4 HEADWORK STRUCTURE DESIGN

4.1 Headwork Design Parameters

In this subsection, detail design of headwork structure won't be presented rather to indicate the basic
ones which are very important for decision as well as for further study of the project

Description Option-1 Option-2 Unit

Crest Length 1300.00 1373 m
Top width 4.00 4.00 m
Dam Height 10.5 11.1 m
U/S Slope 3.00 3.00 m
U/S bottom width 39.19 37.93 m
D/S Slope 2.00 2.00 m
D/S bottom width 26.12 25.28 m
Total Bottom Width 69.31 67.21 m

Table 14:Headwork(Dam) dimentional parameter

5 Command area & Irrigation infrastructure

The proposed command area of the project is at the left side and right side of the headwork. The dominant
soil type is black cotton soil. From the Amhara National Regional State Bureau of Water, Irrigation &
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Amhara National Regional State, Water, Irrigation and Energy Bureau Begede Irrigation Dam Project

Energy Development the identified gross command area is 100ha. But during our identification time we
observed that the river has a potential of at option-1 headwork axis 100ha and at option-2 headwork axis
116Ha.

5.1 Selection of canal type

The selection of the canal type greatly affects the function of the entire canal system, and significantly
affects the construction costs of canals. It is, therefore, necessary to consider the conditions of the costs and
future water management and maintenance system in the selection of the canal type, aiming at the entire
fulfillment of its purpose and function.

Since the open canal type is buried in the ground, more effective use of land resources is possible mainly due
to easier operation and maintenance cost

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Amhara National Regional State, Water, Irrigation and Energy Bureau Begede Irrigation Dam Project

Figure 2: Begede Irrigation command area for option-1 and 2

 Physical Feature of Command Area

 Land formation of the command area: -Flat surface
 Slope of the command area: -plane slope
 Net irrigable command area: -100ha
 Main Infrastructure
 Road Crossing
 Flume
 Super passage
 Footpath
 Left and Right Delivery Canal
 Secondary Canal Tertiary Canal

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6 CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 RECOMMENDATION
According to our sit recommences we have to identifies to alternative headwork options

Option-1: - have a yield of 100.92 Ha-m and dam height of 10.5m with storage of 149.6Ha-m and
reservoir area of 33.75Ha

Option-2: - have a yield of 91.75 Ha-m and dam height of 11.1m with storage of 150Ha-m and reservoir
area of 36.63Ha

At option -2 we have a potential of 116ha command area but the resources that we have that is the yield is
limited to irrigate a net command area of 100ha.

At both option the community high interest of the to construct modern irrigation system

Therefore option-1 is selected, since it is minimum dam height and storage area with maximum storage.

6.2 CONCLUSSION

 the local society and Woreda have high interest of to construct modern irrigation
system
 Insufficient catchment yield
 Restricted irrigable command area
 Long dam crest length
 accessibility of the site for vehicle

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7 REFERENCE

1. Applied Hydrology (1988) by Von Techow David R. Maidment and Larry w. Mays

2. Design of small Dams (USBR)

3. Irrigation Engineering practices (Irrigation Development Department (ministry of

Agriculture))

4. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic structures by Santosh Kumar Garg (14th edition)

5. Novak, small dams and hydropower

6. Garg Irrigation & Hydraulics structure

7. Soft copies of hydraulic structure

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