𝑺

𝑺=

𝑺 = 𝑁𝑁𝑁, 𝑁𝑁𝑀, 𝑁𝑀𝑁, 𝑁𝑀𝑀, 𝑀𝑁𝑁, 𝑀𝑁𝑀, 𝑀𝑀𝑁, 𝑀𝑀𝑀

𝑁 𝑀
 𝑺

▪
▪
▪ 𝜙.

𝑺 = 𝑁𝑁𝑁, 𝑁𝑁𝑀, 𝑁𝑀𝑁, 𝑁𝑀𝑀, 𝑀𝑁𝑁, 𝑀𝑁𝑀, 𝑀𝑀𝑁, 𝑀𝑀𝑀

𝑁 𝑀
𝑆1 = 𝑁𝑀𝑁 𝑆2 = 𝑀𝑀𝑁 𝑆3 = 𝑁𝑁𝑁

o
𝐴 = 𝑁𝑁𝑀, 𝑁𝑀𝑁, 𝑀𝑁𝑁
o
𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝑀, 𝑁𝑀𝑀, 𝑀𝑁𝑀, 𝑀𝑀𝑁
𝐸1 𝐸2 𝐸1 𝑚1 𝐸1
𝐸2 𝑚2
𝑚1 × 𝑚2

2 × 3 × 5 = 30
 𝐴 𝐵
𝑨∩𝑩 𝐴∩𝐵

𝐸1 𝐸2 𝐸1 𝑚1 𝐸2
𝑚2 𝒎𝟏 +𝒎𝟐

8 + 3 = 11
• 𝑛

• 𝑛 𝑷𝒏 = 𝒏!
• 𝑛! 𝑛

𝒏 𝒓

𝑛 𝑟

𝒏!
𝑷𝒓𝒏 =
𝒏−𝒓 !

𝒏 𝒓

𝑛 𝑟

𝒏!
𝑪𝒓𝒏 =
𝒏 − 𝒓 ! 𝒓!
•

𝑵 𝑨
𝑷 𝑨 =
𝑵

• 𝑁 𝐴 𝐴 𝑁

𝐴 𝑃(𝐴) ≥ 0.
𝑃(𝑺) = 1.
𝐴1 , 𝐴2 , 𝐴3 , …
∞

𝑷 𝑨𝟏 ∪ 𝑨𝟐 ∪ 𝑨𝟑 ∪ ⋯ = ෍ 𝑷 𝑨𝑰
𝒊=𝟏
 𝐸1 , 𝐸2 , ⋯ , 𝐸𝑛
•

𝑗− 𝑖−
𝑝𝑖𝑗 0 ≤ 𝑝𝑖𝑗 ≤ 1

𝑛 𝐸1 , 𝐸2 , ⋯ , 𝐸𝑛 𝑖 = 1, 2, . . . , 𝑛 𝑗 = 1, 2, . . . , 𝑛
𝑝𝑖𝑗 𝑗−
𝑖−

𝒑𝒊𝒋 = 𝑷 𝑿𝒕+𝟏 = 𝒋 ȁ𝑿𝒕 = 𝒊

 𝐷𝑒
𝐸1 𝐸2 ⋯ 𝐸𝑛
𝑝11 𝑝12 ⋯ 𝑝1𝑛 𝐸1
𝑝 𝑝22 ⋯ 𝑝2𝑛 𝐸2
𝑃 = 21 ⋯ ൢ𝐴
⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮
𝑝𝑛1 𝑝𝑛2 ⋯ 𝑝𝑛𝑛 𝐸𝑛
 1 1
1
3 10 0
2 1
1 0 0 0
1 2
0.7 0.2 3 5 8
𝑃= ;𝑃 = 0 1 0 ;𝑃 = 1 1
0.3 0.8 1 7
0 0 1 4 3 4 8
1 1
4 0 4 0

•
• 𝑝𝑖𝑗 = 0
• 𝑝𝑖𝑗 = 1
• 𝑗−
𝑛 𝑗

𝒑𝟏𝒋 + 𝒑𝟐𝒋 + ⋯ + 𝒑𝒏𝒋 = 𝟏

 𝑿𝟏 , 𝑿𝟐 , ⋯ , 𝑿𝒏 , ⋯

𝑿𝟎 , 𝑿𝟏 , 𝑿𝟐 , ⋯ , 𝑿𝒏 , ⋯
𝑿𝒏 𝒏

𝑃 𝑋𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛+1 ห𝑋𝑛 = 𝑥𝑛 , ⋯ , 𝑋1 = 𝑥1 , 𝑋0 = 𝑥0 = 𝑃 𝑋𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛+1 ห𝑋𝑛 = 𝑥𝑛 .

o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
𝐶 𝐴

𝑪 𝑨
0.8 0.6 𝑪
𝑃= ቅ
0.2 0.4 𝑨
𝐴 𝐵

𝑫𝒆
𝑨 𝑩 𝑵
0.75 0.15 0.10 𝑨
𝑃 = 0.20 0.75 0.15 𝑩ቋ 𝒉𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒂
0.05 0.10 0.75 𝑵
 𝑛

(𝒌)
𝒑𝟏
(𝒌)
𝑿(𝒌) = 𝒑𝟐 ; 𝒌 ≥ 𝟎.
⋮
(𝒌)
𝒑𝒏

(𝑘)
𝑘 𝑝𝑗
𝑗 𝑘 𝑋 (0)
0
 𝑃 𝑋 (𝑘+1)
𝑘+1 −
𝑋 (𝑘) 𝑘−
𝑿(𝒌+𝟏) = 𝑷𝑿(𝒌)

(𝑘 + 1)
𝑘.

𝑋 (1) = 𝑃𝑋 (0) ; 𝑋 (2) = 𝑃𝑋 (1) = 𝑃2 𝑋 (0) ; 𝑋 (3) = 𝑃𝑋 (2) = 𝑃3 𝑋 (0)

𝑋 (𝑛) = 𝑃𝑛 𝑋 (0)
 𝐴 𝑋 (1) = 𝑃𝑋 (0)
𝐵 0.75 0.15 0.10 20000 24500
(1)
𝑁 𝑋 = 0.20 0.75 0.15 30000 = 34000
0.05 0.10 0.75 50000 41500

𝑫𝒆
𝑨 𝑩 𝑵 𝑋 (2) = 𝑃2 𝑋 (0)
0.75 0.15 0.10 𝑨 20000 𝑨 0.5975 0.235 0.1725 20000 27625
𝑃 = 0.20 0.75 0.15 𝑩ቋ 𝑋 = 30000 𝑩ൡ 𝑋 (2) = 0.3075 0.6075 0.245 30000 = 36625
0.05 0.10 0.75 𝑵 50000 𝑵 0.095 0.1575 0.5825 50000 35750
¡Éxitos!
o